I. Charles

I. Charles, F. Liew, B. Mock, 1994, European journal of immunogenetics : official journal of the British Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics.

Micro-Patterned Surfaces That Exploit Stigmergy to Inhibit Biofilm Expansion

I. Charles, C. Whitchurch, Erin S. Gloag, 2017, Front. Microbiol..

A genomic island in Vibrio cholerae with VPI-1 site-specific recombination characteristics contains CRISPR-Cas and type VI secretion modules

Nicola K. Petty, I. Charles, N. Thomson, 2016, Scientific Reports.

Crystallographic characterization of tetanus toxin fragment C.

P. Emsley, I. Charles, N. Fairweather, 1993, Journal of molecular biology.

Crystal structure of SANOS, a bacterial nitric oxide synthase oxygenase protein from Staphylococcus aureus.

I. Charles, D. Stammers, L. Bird, 2002, Structure.

Induction of nitric oxide synthase in human chondrocytes.

Ian G. Charles, I. Charles, S. Moncada, 1993, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

Intranasal immunization using the B subunit of the Escherichia coli heat‐labile toxin fused to an epitope of the Bordetella pertussis P.69 antigen

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1991, Molecular microbiology.

Molecular cloning and structural organization of the human inducible nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS2).

I. Charles, P. Emson, S. Moncada, 1996, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

TraDIS-Xpress: a high-resolution whole-genome assay identifies novel mechanisms of triclosan action and resistance

D. Baker, I. Charles, A. Darling, 2020, Genome research.

A new massively-parallel transposon mutagenesis approach comparing multiple datasets identifies novel mechanisms of action and resistance to triclosan

I. Charles, A. Darling, L. Monahan, 2019 .

The role of a stress‐response protein in Salmonella typhimurium virulence

I. Charles, G. Dougan, D. Pickard, 1991, Molecular microbiology.

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis shikimate pathway genes: Evolutionary relationship between biosynthetic and catabolic 3-dehydroquinases

I. Charles, G. Dougan, A. Hawkins, 1991, Molecular and General Genetics MGG.

Cloning and characterization of the aroA gene from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

I. Charles, G. Dougan, D. Young, 1990, Journal of bacteriology.

Elongation factor Tu is a multifunctional and processed moonlighting protein

I. Charles, S. Djordjevic, B. Raymond, 2017, Scientific Reports.

Large-scale sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from one region allows detailed epidemiology and enables local outbreak management

Evelien M. Adriaenssens, Gemma L. Kay, J. Wain, 2020, medRxiv.

The role of a stress-response protein in bacterial virulence.

I. Charles, G. Dougan, D. Pickard, 1990, Research in microbiology.

AlbaTraDIS: Comparative analysis of large datasets from parallel transposon mutagenesis experiments

I. Charles, M. Webber, G. Savva, 2019, bioRxiv.

Structural characterization of Salmonella typhimurium YeaZ, an M22 O‐sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase homolog

Ian G. Charles, I. Charles, D. Stammers, 2006, Proteins.

The genome of Clostridium difficile 5.3

I. Charles, A. Darling, S. Djordjevic, 2014, Gut Pathogens.

Cloning, characterization, and expression of a cDNA encoding an inducible nitric oxide synthase from the human chondrocyte.

Ian G. Charles, I. Charles, S. Moncada, 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Nitric oxide synthase is expressed in human macrophages during foreign body inflammation.

I. Charles, S. Moncada, P. Revell, 1997, The American journal of pathology.

Identification of two human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases with distinct tissue distributions and homology with microbial arginine deiminases.

Ian G. Charles, I. Charles, P. Vallance, 1999, The Biochemical journal.

Construction of a genetically defined Salmonella typhi Ty2 aroA, aroC mutant for the engineering of a candidate oral typhoid-tetanus vaccine.

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1992, Vaccine.

Explosive cell lysis as a mechanism for the biogenesis of bacterial membrane vesicles and biofilms

Nicola K. Petty, Leigh G. Monahan, I. Charles, 2016, Nature Communications.

Characterization of a Salmonella typhimurium aro vaccine strain expressing the P.69 antigen of Bordetella pertussis

Ian G. Charles, I. Charles, N. Fairweather, 1992, Infection and immunity.

Use of the nirB Promoter to Direct the Stable Expression of Heterologous Antigens in Salmonella Oral Vaccine Strains: Development of a Single–Dose Oral Tetanus Vaccine

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1992, Bio/Technology.

Repurposing and Reformulation of the Antiparasitic Agent Flubendazole for Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis, a Neglected Fungal Disease

I. Charles, J. Bibby, D. Lalloo, 2018, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

Survey of the allelic frequency of a NOS2A promoter microsatellite in human populations: assessment of the NOS2A gene and predisposition to infectious disease.

I. Charles, D. Kwiatkowski, S. Humphries, 2000, Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry.

Induction and role of NO synthase in hypotensive hepatic failure.

R. E. Smith, I. Charles, N. Heaton, 1997, Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology.

Nitric Oxide in Sepsis: Of Mice and Men

I. Charles, P. Vallance, 1998 .

The invasin protein of Yersinia spp. provides co‐stimulatory activity to human T cells through interaction with β integrins

I. Charles, J. Tite, S. Brett, 1993, European journal of immunology.

Biologic and protective properties of the 69-kDa outer membrane protein of Bordetella pertussis: a novel formulation for an acellular pertussis vaccine.

I. Charles, A. Chubb, P. Novotný, 1991, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Nitric oxide as an antimicrobial agent: does NO always mean NO?

I. Charles, P. Vallance, 1998, Gut.

Synthesis of tetanus toxin fragment C in insect cells by use of a baculovirus expression system

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, A. Makoff, 1991, Infection and immunity.

Resistance to chloramphenicol in Proteus mirabilis by expression of a chromosomal gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase

W. V. Shaw, I. Charles, J. Brookfield, 1985, Journal of bacteriology.

Use of a synthetic oligonucleotide to identify a chromosomal gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in a plasmid-bearing Flavobacterium.

W. V. Shaw, I. Charles, H. G. Beschle, 1984, Journal of general microbiology.

A global genomic approach uncovers novel components for twitching motility-mediated biofilm expansion in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Amy K. Cain, Christine J. Boinett, I. Charles, 2018, bioRxiv.

The Development of Genetically Defined Live Bacterial Vaccines

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1991 .

Use of live attenuated bacteria to stimulate immunity.

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1990, Research in microbiology.

Evaluation of Salmonella typhimurium strains harbouring defined mutations in htrA and aroA in the murine salmonellosis model.

I. Charles, G. Dougan, D. Pickard, 1992, Microbial pathogenesis.

Expression of human nitric oxide synthase isozymes.

I. Charles, M. A. Moro, C. Scorer, 1996, Methods in enzymology.

Functional analysis of the GTPases EngA and YhbZ encoded by Salmonella typhimurium

Clive R. Bagshaw, I. Charles, D. Stammers, 2007, Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society.

Recombinant Bordetella pertussis pertactin (P69) from the yeast Pichia pastoris: high-level production and immunological properties.

I G Charles, I. Charles, N. Fairweather, 1991, Vaccine.

Role of the Bordetella pertussis P . 69 lpertactin protein and the P . 69 / pertactin RGD motif in the adherence to and invasion of mammalian cells

I. Charles, G. Dougan, J. Li, 2008 .

Expression of P.69/pertactin from Bordetella pertussis in a baculovirus/insect cell expression system: protective properties of the recombinant protein.

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1993, Research in microbiology.

Cloning, nucleotide sequence and heterologous expression of the protective outer-membrane protein P.68 pertactin from Bordetella bronchiseptica.

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1992, Journal of general microbiology.

Molecular genetic analysis of the duplication of human inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) sequences.

I. Charles, P. Emson, S. Moncada, 1995, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

Resistance toChloramphenicol inProteus mirabilis byExpression of aChromosomal GeneforChloramphenicol Acetyltransferas e

W. V. Shaw, I. Charles, J. Brookfield, 1985 .

Insertional inactivation of the Staphylococcus aureusβ‐toxin by bacteriophage φ13 occurs by site‐and orientation‐specific integration of the φ 13 genome

I. Charles, G. Dougan, D. Coleman, 1991, Molecular microbiology.

Purification and characterization of the constitutive nitric oxide synthase from human placenta.

I. Charles, E. Garvey, S. Baylis, 1994, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.

Recombinant P.69/pertactin: immunogenicity and protection of mice against Bordetella pertussis infection.

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1992, Vaccine.

Molecular cloning and analysis of P. 69, a vir-controlled protein from Bordetella pertussis.

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1988, The Tokai journal of experimental and clinical medicine.

Gene expression and the development of live enteric vaccines.

I. Charles, G. Dougan, 1990, Trends in biotechnology.

High level heterologous expression in E. coli using the anaerobically-activated nirB promoter.

I. Charles, J. G. Doyle, A. Makoff, 1991, Nucleic acids research.

Cysteine-200 of human inducible nitric oxide synthase is essential for dimerization of haem domains and for binding of haem, nitroarginine and tetrahydrobiopterin.

I. Charles, W. Alderton, P. N. Lowe, 1997, The Biochemical journal.

Identification of the domains of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by limited proteolysis.

I. Charles, D. Stammers, S. Moncada, 1996, The Biochemical journal.

Repurposing drugs to fast-track therapeutic agents for the treatment of cryptococcosis

Leigh G. Monahan, I. Charles, L. Monahan, 2018, PeerJ.

Insertional inactivation of the Staphylococcus aureus beta-toxin by bacteriophage phi 13 occurs by site- and orientation-specific integration of the phi 13 genome.

I. Charles, G. Dougan, D. Coleman, 1991, Molecular microbiology.

Oral vaccination

I. Charles, G. Dougan, D. Maskell, 2004, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.

Characterization of Salmonella typhimurium YegS, a putative lipid kinase homologous to eukaryotic sphingosine and diacylglycerol kinases

I. Charles, D. Stammers, A. Hawkins, 2007, Proteins.

Biosynthesis, processing, and evolution of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor.

I. Charles, T. Creighton, 1987, Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology.

Sequences of the genes and polypeptide precursors for two bovine protease inhibitors.

I. Charles, T. Creighton, Thomas E. Creighton, 1987, Journal of molecular biology.

Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cat gene of Proteus mirabilis: comparison with the type I (Tn9) cat gene

W. V. Shaw, I. Charles, J. Keyte, 1985, Journal of bacteriology.

Taxonomic resolution of the ribosomal RNA operon in bacteria: implications for its use with long-read sequencing

I. Charles, L. de Oliveira Martins, A. Page, 2019, bioRxiv.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrazoles and indazoles as activators of the nitric oxide receptor, soluble guanylate cyclase.

I. Charles, R. Glen, D. Madge, 2001, Journal of medicinal chemistry.

Identification of a novel qnrA allele, qnrA8, in environmental Shewanella algae

I. Charles, S. Djordjevic, J. Melvold, 2017, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrazoles and indazoles as activators of the nitric oxide receptor, soluble guanylate cyclase.

I. Charles, R. Glen, D. Madge, 2001, Journal of medicinal chemistry.

Genomic interplay in bacterial communities: implications for growth promoting practices in animal husbandry

I. Charles, S. Djordjevic, P. Roy Chowdhury, 2014, Front. Microbiol..

Pharmacodynamics of Flubendazole for Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis: Repurposing and Reformulation of an Anti-Parasitic Agent for a Neglected Fungal Disease

I. Charles, J. Bibby, D. Lalloo, 2018 .

Rapid Conversion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to a Spherical Cell Morphotype Facilitates Tolerance to Carbapenems and Penicillins but Increases Susceptibility to Antimicrobial Peptides

Leigh G. Monahan, I. Charles, C. Whitchurch, 2014, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

Genomic Microbial Epidemiology Is Needed to Comprehend the Global Problem of Antibiotic Resistance and to Improve Pathogen Diagnosis

I. Charles, S. Djordjevic, T. Chapman, 2016, Front. Microbiol..

Comprehensive Assignment of Roles for Salmonella Typhimurium Genes in Intestinal Colonization of Food-Producing Animals

Julian Parkhill, Gemma C. Langridge, Roy R. Chaudhuri, 2013, PLoS genetics.

P.70 pertactin, an outer‐membrane protein from Bordetella parapertussis: cloning, nucleotide sequence and surface expression in Escherichia coli

I. Charles, G. Dougan, P. Novotný, 1991, Molecular microbiology.

Roles of nitric oxide in tumor growth.

P Rhodes, S A Baylis, I G Charles, 1995, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Altered immune responses in mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase

I. Charles, Austin G Smith, G. Feng, 1995, Nature.

Meta-analysis of the Parkinson’s disease gut microbiome suggests alterations linked to intestinal inflammation

I. Charles, F. Hildebrand, G. Savva, 2021, NPJ Parkinson's disease.

Crystallization of a type II dehydroquinase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

I. Charles, N. Isaacs, J. Coggins, 1994, Journal of Molecular Biology.

Inducible overproduction of the Aspergillus nidulans pentafunctional AROM protein and the type-I and -II 3-dehydroquinases from Salmonella typhi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

I. Charles, G. Dougan, J. Moore, 1992, The Biochemical journal.

Elongation factor Tu is a multifunctional and processed moonlighting protein

I. Charles, S. Djordjevic, B. Raymond, 2017, Scientific Reports.

A lethal role for lipid A in Salmonella infections

I. Charles, G. Dougan, D. Maskell, 1998, Molecular microbiology.

Comparative genomic analysis of a multiple antimicrobial resistant enterotoxigenic E. coli O157 lineage from Australian pigs

I. Charles, A. Darling, S. Djordjevic, 2015, BMC Genomics.

The Diverse Functional Roles of Elongation Factor Tu (EF-Tu) in Microbial Pathogenesis

I. Charles, S. Djordjevic, Veronica M. Jarocki, 2019, Front. Microbiol..

Identification and characterization of a protective immunodominant B cell epitope of pertactin (P.69) from Bordetella pertussis

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1991, European journal of immunology.

Isolation and computer-aided characterization of MmeI, a type II restriction endonuclease from Methylophilus methylotrophus

A. C. Boyd, I. G. Charles, J. W. Keyte, 1986, Nucleic Acids Res..

The Affinity of a Major Ca2+ Binding Site on GRP78 Is Differentially Enhanced by ADP and ATP*

I. Charles, A. Hawkins, Weiming Xu, 2006, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

A genome-wide analysis of Escherichia coli responses to fosfomycin using TraDIS-Xpress reveals novel roles for phosphonate degradation and phosphate transport systems

I. Charles, M. Webber, M. Yasir, 2020, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

A genome wide analysis of Escherichia coli responses to fosfomycin using TraDIS-Xpress reveals novel roles for phosphonate and phosphate transport systems

I. Charles, M. Webber, M. Yasir, 2019, bioRxiv.

CoronaHiT: high-throughput sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 genomes

Evelien M. Adriaenssens, Gemma L. Kay, J. Wain, 2021, Genome Medicine.

CoronaHiT: large scale multiplexing of SARS-CoV-2 genomes using Nanopore sequencing

Evelien M. Adriaenssens, Gemma L. Kay, J. Wain, 2020, bioRxiv.

Isolation, characterization and nucleotide sequences of the aroC genes encoding chorismate synthase from Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli.

I. Charles, G. Dougan, A. Hawkins, 1990, Journal of general microbiology.

CoronaHiT: high-throughput sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 genomes

Evelien M. Adriaenssens, Gemma L. Kay, J. Wain, 2021, Genome medicine.

Structure of the ribosomal interacting GTPase YjeQ from the enterobacterial species Salmonella typhimurium.

Ian G. Charles, I. Charles, D. Stammers, 2007, Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology and crystallization communications.

A Role for Tn6029 in the Evolution of the Complex Antibiotic Resistance Gene Loci in Genomic Island 3 in Enteroaggregative Hemorrhagic Escherichia coli O104:H4

I. Charles, S. Djordjevic, P. R. Chowdhury, 2015, PloS one.

A whole-genome screen identifies Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi genes involved in fluoroquinolone susceptibility

J. Wain, I. Charles, D. Turner, 2020, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Comprehensive identification of essential Staphylococcus aureus genes using Transposon-Mediated Differential Hybridisation (TMDH)

Roy R Chaudhuri, I. Charles, S. Foster, 2009, BMC Genomics.

Comprehensive Identification of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Genes Required for Infection of BALB/c Mice

Dov J. Stekel, Roy R. Chaudhuri, I. Charles, 2009, PLoS pathogens.

Tissue distribution of the human soluble guanylate cyclases.

Ian G. Charles, I. Charles, K. Powell, 1999, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

Genomic islands 1 and 2 play key roles in the evolution of extensively drug-resistant ST235 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

I. Charles, S. Djordjevic, M. Scott, 2016, Open Biology.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase polymorphism and fatal cerebral malaria

I. Charles, A. Hill, K. Rockett, 1998, The Lancet.

Crystal structure of the dimer of two essential Salmonella typhimurium proteins, YgjD & YeaZ and calorimetric evidence for the formation of a ternary YgjD–YeaZ–YjeE complex

I. Charles, D. Stammers, A. Hawkins, 2013, Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society.

Structural and functional characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium YcbL: An unusual Type II glyoxalase

I. Charles, D. Stammers, A. Hawkins, 2010, Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society.

Structure of Staphylococcus aureus guanylate monophosphate kinase

I. Charles, D. Stammers, A. Hawkins, 2006, Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology and crystallization communications.

Structure of Staphylococcus aureus cytidine monophosphate kinase in complex with cytidine 5′-monophosphate

I. Charles, D. Stammers, A. Hawkins, 2006, Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology and crystallization communications.

Purification to homogeneity and characterisation of rat brain recombinant nitric oxide synthase.

I. Charles, S. Moncada, A. Chubb, 1995, European journal of biochemistry.

Human colon cancer cell lines show a diverse pattern of nitric oxide synthase gene expression and nitric oxide generation.

I. Charles, S. Moncada, M. Radomski, 1994, British Journal of Cancer.

Evolution of a homopurine-homopyrimidine pentanucleotide repeat sequence upstream of the human inducible nitric oxide synthase gene.

I. Charles, P. Emson, C. Harrington, 1997, Gene.

Genomic analysis of Elizabethkingia species from aquatic environments: Evidence for potential clinical transmission

I. Charles, S. Djordjevic, Barbara Drigo, 2021, Current research in microbial sciences.

OP-GBEV170166 1725..1741

B. E. Castro, Nicola K. Petty, I. Charles, 2017 .

A genomic island integrated into recA of Vibrio cholerae contains a divergent recA and provides multi-pathway protection from DNA damage

I. Charles, N. Thomson, L. Monahan, 2014, Environmental microbiology.

Crystallographic studies of shikimate binding and induced conformational changes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis shikimate kinase

I. Charles, D. Stammers, A. Hawkins, 2004, FEBS letters.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene transcription and protein activity in the rat heart during endotoxaemia.

Ian G. Charles, I. Charles, P. Emson, 1997, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium trxA Mutants Are Protective against Virulent Challenge and Induce Less Inflammation than the Live-Attenuated Vaccine Strain SL3261

I. Charles, H. Northen, D. Maskell, 2009, Infection and Immunity.

The Structures of the HC Fragment of Tetanus Toxin with Carbohydrate Subunit Complexes Provide Insight into Ganglioside Binding*

P. Emsley, I. Charles, N. Fairweather, 2000, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

Pertactin, an Arg-Gly-Asp-containing Bordetella pertussis surface protein that promotes adherence of mammalian cells.

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, M. Brennan, 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Molecular cloning and characterization of protective outer membrane protein P.69 from Bordetella pertussis.

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Cloning and expression of a rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase coding sequence in a baculovirus/insect cell system.

I. Charles, S. Moncada, R. Gill, 1993, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

Osteoarticular Infection in Three Young Thoroughbred Horses Caused by a Novel Gram Negative Cocco-Bacillus

I. Charles, S. Djordjevic, B. Raymond, 2020, Case reports in veterinary medicine.

Bacterial Communities Vary between Sinuses in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients

I. Charles, A. Darling, Catherine M. Burke, 2016, Front. Microbiol..

Molecular cloning and characterization of the aroD gene encoding 3-dehydroquinase from Salmonella typhi.

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1991, Journal of general microbiology.

Expression of the Bordetella pertussis P.69 pertactin adhesin in Escherichia coli: fate of the carboxy-terminal domain.

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, G. Dougan, 1994, Microbiology.

Overproduction in Escherichia coli of the dehydroquinate synthase domain of the Aspergillus nidulans pentafunctional AROM protein.

I. Charles, J. Moore, A. Hawkins, 1992, The Biochemical journal.

The isolation and nucleotide sequence of the complex AROM locus of Aspergillus nidulans.

W. J. Brammar, I. Charles, A. Hawkins, 1986, Nucleic acids research.

Nucleotide sequence encoding the biosynthetic dehydroquinase function of the penta-functional arom locus of Aspergillus nidulans.

W. J. Brammar, I. Charles, A. Hawkins, 1985, Nucleic acids research.

The pre-chorismate (shikimate) and quinate pathways in filamentous fungi: theoretical and practical aspects.

I. Charles, J. Moore, A. Hawkins, 1993, Journal of general microbiology.

Identification of microbial dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase enzymes.

I. Charles, P. Vallance, J. Leiper, 1999, Molecular microbiology.

Studies on the localization and expression of nitric oxide synthase using histochemical techniques

I. Charles, P. Emson, C. Scorer, 2004, The Histochemical Journal.

Studies on the localization and expression of nitric oxide synthase using histochemical techniques

I. Charles, P. Emson, C. Scorer, 1995, The Histochemical Journal.

Enhanced expression of recombinant proteins in insect cells using a baculovirus vector containing a bacterial leader sequence.

I. Charles, D. Gewert, M. Page, 1992, Nucleic acids research.

Single, double and triple mutants of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium degP (htrA), degQ (hhoA) and degS (hhoB) have diverse phenotypes on exposure to elevated temperature and their growth in vivo is attenuated to different extents.

I. Charles, D. Maskell, S. Peters, 2006, Microbial pathogenesis.

Comparative genomic analysis of toxin-negative strains of Clostridium difficile from humans and animals with symptoms of gastrointestinal disease

Matthew Z. DeMaere, I. Charles, A. Darling, 2016, BMC Microbiology.

Mapping of the genes encoding human inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS2 and NOS3) to the pericentric region of chromosome 17 and to chromosome 7, respectively.

Ian G. Charles, I. Charles, P. Emson, 1994, Genomics.

Evaluation of ddRADseq for reduced representation metagenome sequencing

Matthew Z. DeMaere, Leigh G. Monahan, I. Charles, 2017, bioRxiv.

Metagenomic Hi-C of a Healthy Human Fecal Microbiome Transplant Donor

Matthew Z. DeMaere, I. Charles, A. Darling, 2020, Microbiology Resource Announcements.

Massively parallel transposon mutagenesis identifies temporally essential genes for biofilm formation in Escherichia coli

J. Wain, I. Charles, M. Webber, 2020, bioRxiv.

The nucleotide sequence of the amiE gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

W. J. Brammar, I. Charles, P. H. Clarke, 1987, FEBS letters.

Crystallographic characterization of pertactin, a membrane-associated protein from Bordetella pertussis.

P. Emsley, I. Charles, N. Fairweather, 1994, Journal of molecular biology.

MicroCorrespondence: Identification of microbial dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase enzymes

I. Charles, P. Vallance, J. Leiper, 1999 .

Protective Surface Antigen P69 of Bordetella pertussis: Its Characterization and Very High Level Expression in Escherichia coli

I. Charles, N. Fairweather, A. Makoff, 1990, Bio/Technology.

Temporal expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in mouse and human placenta.

I. Charles, C. Weiner, S. Baylis, 1999, Molecular human reproduction.

Cloning and expression of human eNOS and nNOS using the baculovirus-insect cell system.

I. Charles, N. Foxwell, A. Chubb, 1998, Methods in molecular biology.

Enzymatic characterisation of recombinant murine inducible nitric oxide synthase.

I. Charles, S. Moncada, F. Liew, 1995, European journal of pharmacology.

Characterization of the type I dehydroquinase from Salmonella typhi.

I. Charles, N. C. Price, J. Coggins, 1993, The Biochemical journal.

Isolation and computer-aided characterization ofMmel, a Type II restriction endonuclease fromMethylophilus methylotrophus

W. J. Brammar, I. Charles, A. Boyd, 1986, Nucleic Acids Research.

Nucleic Acids Research Isolation and computer-aided characterization of Mmel , a Type II restriction endonuciease from

W. J. Brammar, I. Charles, A. Boyd, 2005 .

Studies on nitric oxide techniques the localization and expression of synthase using histochemical

I. Charles, C. Scorer, C. Emson, 1995 .

Simultaneous assay of every Salmonella Typhi gene using one million transposon mutants.

J. Wain, I. Charles, D. Turner, 2009, Genome research.

Self-organization of bacterial biofilms is facilitated by extracellular DNA

Leigh G. Monahan, M. Wand, I. Charles, 2013, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Biophysical and kinetic analysis of wild‐type and site‐directed mutants of the isolated and native dehydroquinate synthase domain of the AROM protein

I. Charles, D. Stammers, J. Moore, 2004, Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society.

Crystallization of a type I 3-dehydroquinase from Salmonella typhi.

I. Charles, J. Coggins, J. Moore, 1992, Journal of molecular biology.

Nucleic Acids Research Nucleotide sequence encoding the biosynthetic dehydroquinase function of the penta-functional AROM locus of Aspergillus nidulans

W. J. Brammar, I. Charles, A. Hawkins, 2022 .