C. Frank

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A Fourier Domain Directional Filterng Method for Analysis of Collagen Alignment in Ligaments

S. Chaudhuri, Hieu Nguyen, R. Rangayyan, 1987, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

Molecular biology and biomechanics of normal and healing ligaments--a review.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 1999, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

Physiology and therapeutic value of passive joint motion.

C. Frank, S. Woo, W. Akeson, 1984, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

An instrumented spatial linkage for measuring knee joint kinematics.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, J. Rosvold, 2016, The Knee.

Alterations in Joint Angular Velocity Following Traumatic Knee Injury in Ovine Models

Johnathan L. Sevick, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2019, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis Development and Progression in an Ovine Model of Partial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection and Effect of Repeated Intra-articular Methylprednisolone Acetate Injections on Early Disease

Johnathan L. Sevick, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2018, The American journal of sports medicine.

Relationship between increased in vivo meniscal loads and abnormal tibiofemoral surface alignment in ACL deficient sheep is varied.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, M. Atarod, 2016, Journal of biomechanics.

Dynamic in vivo kinematics of the intact ovine stifle joint

Janet L Ronsky, Cyril B Frank, Nigel G Shrive, 2006, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Tendons and ligaments: A morphological and biochemical comparison

D Amiel, C. Frank, W. Akeson, 1984, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Elongation and Forces of Ankle Ligaments in a Physiological Range of Motion

M. R. Yeadon, M. Yeadon, B. Nigg, 1990, Foot & ankle.

Variations in rupture site and surface strains at failure in the maturing rabbit medial collateral ligament.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, T. Lam, 1995, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

Asynchronous muscle and tendon adaptation after surgical tensioning procedures.

C. Frank, R. Lieber, S. Ward, 2010, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

Synovial fluid does not inhibit collagen synthesis. Bovine cruciate ligament studied in vitro.

C. Frank, L. Marchuk, P. Salo, 1990, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

Muscular Lower Leg Asymmetry in Middle-Aged People

B. Nigg, W. Herzog, C. Frank, 2007, Foot & ankle international.

Evaluation criteria for musculoskeletal and craniofacial tissue engineering constructs: a conference report.

C. T. Wagner, S. Tashman, C. Frank, 2008, Tissue engineering. Part A.

The development morphology of a “periosteal” ligament insertion: Growth and maturation of the tibial insertion of the rabbit medial collateral ligament

C. Frank, J. Matyas, D. Bodie, 1990, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

J. Leonard Goldner Award 2006: Total Ankle Replacement in Ankle Osteoarthritis: An Analysis of Muscle Rehabilitation

B. Nigg, C. Frank, B. Hintermann, 2007, Foot & ankle international.

Localization and characterization of porcine patellar tendon xenograft antigens in a rabbit model of medial collateral ligament replacement.

C. Frank, D. Hart, M. Fritzler, 1998, Transplantation.

Modelling the Behaviour of Ligaments: A Technical Note

David W. Smith, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2004, Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering.

Ligament and meniscus loading in the ovine stifle joint during normal gait.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, J. Rosvold, 2016, The Knee.

Decreased posterior cruciate and altered collateral ligament loading following ACL transection: A longitudinal study in the ovine model

C. Frank, N. Shrive, M. Atarod, 2014, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Ligament creep recruits fibres at low stresses and can lead to modulus‐reducing fibre damage at higher creep stresses: a study in rabbit medial collateral ligament model

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. Thornton, 2002, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Rapid isolation of total RNA from small samples of hypocellular, dense connective tissues.

C. Frank, D. Hart, L. Marchuk, 1997, BioTechniques.

Early medial collateral ligament scars have inferior creep behaviour

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. Thornton, 2000 .

Correlation between translational and rotational kinematic abnormalities and osteoarthritis-like damage in two in vivo sheep injury models.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2018, Journal of biomechanics.

Characterization of proteoglycan 4 and hyaluronan composition and lubrication function of ovine synovial fluid following knee surgery

C. Frank, N. Shrive, K. Barton, 2013, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

exercise maximal athletes: different responses to endurance and Hemopoietic and angiogenetic progenitors in healthy

C. Frank, P. Palange, A. Lucia, 2015 .

Repetitive Activity Alters Perfusion of Proximal Interphalangeal Joints of the Human Hand

C. Frank, W. Ferrell, J. McDougall, 1998, Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine.

Periarticular ligament changes following ACL/MCL transection in an ovine stifle joint model of osteoarthritis

Janet E Tapper, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2007, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Exogenous transforming growth factor beta 1 alone does not improve early healing of medial collateral ligament in rabbits.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2002, Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie.

Enumeration and Localization of Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells and Macrophages in Synovium from Normal Individuals and Patients with Pre-Osteoarthritis or Clinically Diagnosed Osteoarthritis

C. Frank, D. Hart, L. Difrancesco, 2017, International journal of molecular sciences.

Biochemical heterogeneity within the maturing rabbit medial collateral ligament.

C. Frank, R. Lieber, C Frank, 1988, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

Injury location affects ligament healing. A morphologic and mechanical study of the healing rabbit medial collateral ligament.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, B. Loitz, 1995, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

Influence of exogenous growth factors on the expression of plasminogen activators by explants of normal and healing rabbit ligaments.

C. Frank, D. Hart, B. Loitz, 1993, Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire.

Collagen alteration in medial collateral ligament healing in a rabbit model.

C. Frank, W. Akeson, D. Amiel, 1987, Connective tissue research.

Early joint tissue changes are highly correlated with a set of inflammatory and degradative synovial biomarkers after ACL autograft and its sham surgery in an ovine model

Yamini Achari, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2011, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Methylprednisolone acetate mitigates IL1β induced changes in matrix metalloproteinase gene expression in skeletally immature ovine explant knee tissues

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2020, Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.].

Use of pre‐clinical surgically induced models to understand biomechanical and biological consequences of PTOA development

Johnathan L. Sevick, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2017, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

The infrapatellar fat pad is affected by injury induced inflammation in the rabbit knee: use of dexamethasone to mitigate damage

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2016, Inflammation Research.

Single intra‐articular dexamethasone injection immediately post‐surgery in a rabbit model mitigates early inflammatory responses and post‐traumatic osteoarthritis‐like alterations

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2015, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Alterations in Hoffa’s fat pad induced by an inflammatory response following idealized anterior cruciate ligament surgery

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2015, Inflammation Research.

Normal sheep synovium has similar appearances and constitutive expression of inflammatory cytokines within and between knee joints: a baseline histological and molecular analysis

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2014, Connective tissue research.

Changes of early post-traumatic osteoarthritis in an ovine model of simulated ACL reconstruction are associated with transient acute post-injury synovial inflammation and tissue catabolism.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2013, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

Investigating the potential value of individual parameters of histological grading systems in a sheep model of cartilage damage: the Modified Mankin method

C. Frank, N. Shrive, B. J. Heard, 2012, Journal of anatomy.

A safe overhang limit for unicompartmental knee arthroplasties based on medial collateral ligament strains: an in vitro study.

Mohammad Atarod Pilambaraei, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2013, The Journal of arthroplasty.

Characterization of the fatigue behavior of the medial collateral ligament utilizing traditional and novel mechanical variables for the assessment of damage accumulation.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, M. Zec, 2010, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

Healing ligaments have decreased cyclic modulus compared to normal ligaments and immobilization further compromises healing ligament response to cyclic loading

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. Thornton, 2003, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

THE ACCUMUALTION OF DAMAGE UNDER CYCLIC LOADING IS NOT ALTERED FOLLOWING TRAUMATIC STRAIN IN THE RABBIT MCL

C. Frank, N. Shrive, M. Zec, 2022 .

Whole joint embedding in polymethylmethacrylate: a method for preparing intact musculoskeletal organ systems for histomorphology and 3-D reconstruction.

C. Frank, J. Matyas, M. G. Anton, 1997, Biotechnic & histochemistry : official publication of the Biological Stain Commission.

A potential animal model for creating a controlled and reversible anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, J. Ronsky, 2002, The Knee.

Method to assess in vivo knee stability longitudinally in an animal model of ligament injury

W. Herzog, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 1998, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Comparison of mRNA levels for matrix molecules in normal and disrupted human anterior cruciate ligaments using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction

C. Frank, D. Hart, I. Lo, 1998, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Compressive compared with tensile loading of medial collateral ligament scar in vitro uniquely influences mRNA levels for aggrecan, collagen type II, and collagenase

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2000, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Healing of the medial collateral ligament of the knee. A morphological and biochemical assessment in rabbits.

C. Frank, W. Akeson, D. Amiel, 1983, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

Complete ACL/MCL deficiency induces variable degrees of instability in sheep with specific kinematic abnormalities correlating with degrees of early osteoarthritis

Janet E Tapper, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2012, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

The scientific basis of thermal capsular shrinkage.

C. Frank, A. Wallace, R. Hollinshead, 2000, Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery.

Creep Behavior of a Rabbit Model of Ligament Laxity after Electrothermal Shrinkage in Vivo *

C. Frank, A. Wallace, R. Hollinshead, 2002, The American journal of sports medicine.

Postmortem stability of total RNA isolated from rabbit ligament, tendon and cartilage.

C. Frank, D. Hart, L. Marchuk, 1998, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

Matrix metalloproteinase protein expression profiles cannot distinguish between normal and early osteoarthritic synovial fluid

C. Frank, D. Hart, J. B. Rattner, 2012, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.

Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Levels in Disrupted Human Anterior Cruciate Ligaments

C. Frank, D. Hart, I. Lo, 2003, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

Effects of combined administration of transforming growth factor‐β1 and epidermal growth factor on properties of the in situ frozen anterior cruciate ligament in rabbits

C. Frank, T. Majima, H. Tohyama, 2002, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Tibiofemoral centroid velocity correlates more consistently with cartilage damage than does contact path length in two ovine models of stifle injury

C. Frank, N. Shrive, B. J. Heard, 2013, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Influence of exogenous growth factors on the synthesis and secretion of collagen types I and III by explants of normal and healing rabbit ligaments.

C. Frank, D. Hart, B. Loitz, 1994, Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire.

Molecular events surrounding collagen fibril assembly in the early healing rabbit medial collateral ligament—failure to recapitulate normal ligament development

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2011, Connective tissue research.

Matrix molecule mRNA levels in the bursa and rotator cuff of patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears.

C. Frank, D. Hart, I. Lo, 2005, Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association.

Ultrastructural immunolocalization of type‐VI collagen and chondroitin sulphate in ligament

C. Frank, D. Bray, R. Bray, 1993, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Strength of medial structures of the knee joint are decreased by isolated injury to the medial collateral ligament and subsequent joint immobilization

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. Thornton, 2005, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Methylprednisolone acetate mitigates IL1β induced changes in matrix metalloproteinase gene expression in skeletally immature ovine explant knee tissues

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2020, Inflammation Research.

Altered levels of extracellular matrix molecule mRNA in healing rabbit ligaments.

C. Frank, D. Hart, L. Marchuk, 1998, Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology.

Carrageenan-induced transient inflammation in a rabbit knee model: molecular changes consistent with an early osteoarthritis phenotype

C. Frank, D. Hart, Y. Achari, 2012, Inflammation Research.

Menisci of the rabbit knee require mechanical loading to maintain homeostasis: cyclic hydrostatic compression in vitro prevents derepression of catabolic genes

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2005, Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association.

In-vitro cyclic tensile loading of an immobilized and mobilized ligament autograft selectively inhibits mRNA levels for collagenase (MMP-1)

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2000, Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association.

New surgical model of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis: Isolated intra‐articular bone injury in the rabbit

C. Frank, N. Shrive, K. Huebner, 2013, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Healing ligament mechanical properties are improved by repair with interpositional allografts but not by concomitant treatment with hyaluronic acid

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. Thornton, 2009, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Summary and Future Directions

C. Frank, S. Woo, L. Marchuk, 2005 .

Metabolic profile of plasma before and after induction of an isolated intra-articular bone injury in the rabbit knee: Potential to characterize the onset of osteoarthritis?

C. Frank, N. Shrive, H. Vogel, 2015 .

Lower leg muscle atrophy in ankle osteoarthritis

B. Nigg, W. Herzog, C. Frank, 2006, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Dexamethasone inhibits inflammation and cartilage damage in a new model of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis

C. Frank, N. Shrive, K. Huebner, 2014, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Parametric representation and screening of knee joint vibroarthrographic signals

R.M. Rangayyan, S. Krishnan, G.D. Bell, 1997, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

Screening of vibroarthrographic signals via adaptive segmentation and linear prediction modeling

Zahra M. K. Maussavi, R. M. Rangayyan, G. D. Bell, 1996, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

Localization of knee joint cartilage pathology by multichannel vibroarthrography.

R M Rangayyan, C B Frank, Y T Zhang, 1995, Medical engineering & physics.

Medial collateral ligament healing

S L Woo, D Amiel, C. Frank, 1983, The American journal of sports medicine.

Intraarticular and Systemic Inflammatory Profiles May Identify Patients with Osteoarthritis

C. Frank, D. Hart, B. J. Heard, 2013, The Journal of Rheumatology.

Tissue repair in rheumatoid arthritis: challenges and opportunities in the face of a systemic inflammatory disease.

C. Frank, D. Hart, A. Kydd, 2004, Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology.

New Perspectives on Bioengineering of Joint Tissues: Joint Adaptation Creates a Moving Target for Engineering Replacement Tissues

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2004, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

ACL transection influences mRNA levels for collagen type I and TNF‐α in MCL scar

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2002, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

ACL transection influences mRNA levels for collagen type I and TNF-alpha in MCL scar.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2002, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Normal and healing ligament vascularity: a quantitative histological assessment in the adult rabbit medial collateral ligament.

R. Rangayyan, C. Frank, R. Bray, 1996, Journal of anatomy.

Natural history of healing in the repaired medial collateral ligament

C. Frank, N. Schachar, C Frank, 1983, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

The science of reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament.

C B Frank, C. Frank, D. W. Jackson, 1997, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

Clonal analysis of synovial fluid stem cells to characterize and identify stable mesenchymal stromal cell/mesenchymal progenitor cell phenotypes in a porcine model: a cell source with enhanced commitment to the chondrogenic lineage.

C. Frank, D. Hart, N. Nakamura, 2014, Cytotherapy.

In-vitro measurements of light transmission parallel and perpendicular to the collagen orientation in tendons

Kevin R. Forrester, Dave Irvine-Halliday, Binod KC, 2000, Photonics West - Biomedical Optics.

Ligament grafts become more susceptible to creep within days after surgery: Evidence for early enzymatic degradation of a ligament graft in a rabbit model

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. Thornton, 2002, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

Stress deprivation effect on metabolic turnover of the medial collateral ligament collagen. A comparison between nine- and 12-week immobilization.

C. Frank, W. Akeson, D. Amiel, 1983, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

Cytochemical evidence for a proteoglycan‐associated filamentous network in ligament extracellular matrix

C. Frank, D. Bray, R. Bray, 1990, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

The effects of temperature on the viscoelastic properties of the rabbit medial collateral ligament.

C B Frank, N G Shrive, T C Lam, 1990, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

Heterotopic mineralization (ossification or calcification) in tendinopathy or following surgical tendon trauma

B. Hallgrímsson, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2012, International journal of experimental pathology.

Collagen fibril diameters in the rabbit medial collateral ligament scar: a longer term assessment.

C. Frank, D. McDonald, N. Shrive, 1997, Connective tissue research.

Current Concepts Review - The Science of Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament*

Cyril B. Frank, Douglas W. Jackson, C. Frank, 1997 .

Ligament Healing: Current Knowledge and Clinical Applications

Cyril B. Frank, C. Frank, 1996, The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

Proteoglycan metabolism during repair of the ruptured medial collateral ligament in skeletally mature rabbits.

C B Frank, C. Frank, T. Koob, 2000, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.

Synovial fluid stimulates the proliferation of rabbit ligament. Fibroblasts in vitro.

C. Frank, D. Nickerson, R. Joshi, 1992, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

Fine vascular anatomy of adult rabbit knee ligaments.

A. W. Fisher, C. Frank, R. Bray, 1990, Journal of anatomy.

Tensile properties of the medial collateral ligament as a function of age

C B Frank, S L Woo, W H Akeson, 1986, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Normal ligament properties and ligament healing.

S L Woo, D Amiel, C. Frank, 1985, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

Effects of ligament repair on laxity and creep behavior of an early healing ligament scar

C. Frank, N. Shrive, T. Majima, 2006, Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association.

Early medial collateral ligament scars have inferior creep behaviour

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. Thornton, 2000, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Soft‐tissue “flaws” are associated with the material properties of the healing rabbit medial collateral ligament

C. Frank, D. Chimich, L. Marchuk, 1995, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Rabbit medial collateral ligament scar weakness is associated with decreased collagen pyridinoline crosslink density

C. Frank, D. Eyre, D. McDonald, 1995, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

The effects of initial end contact on medial collateral ligament healing: A morphological and biomechanical study in a rabbit model

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Chimich, 1991, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

A Novel Testing Platform for Assessing Knee Joint Mechanics: A Parallel Robotic System Combined with an Instrumented Spatial Linkage

Nigel G. Shrive, Cyril B. Frank, Mohammad Atarod, 2014, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

Kinematic and Kinetic Interactions During Normal and ACL-Deficient Gait: A Longitudinal In Vivo Study

Nigel G. Shrive, Cyril B. Frank, Mohammad Atarod, 2013, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

Functional Activity of the Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligaments Under In Vivo Gait and Static Physiological Loads

Nigel G. Shrive, Cyril B. Frank, Mohammad Atarod, 2013, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

Injury Size Affects Long Term Strength of the Rabbit Medial Collateral Ligament

C. Frank, N. Shrive, B. Loitz-Ramage, 1997, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

The gross morphology of torn human anterior cruciate ligaments in unstable knees.

C B Frank, C. Frank, I. Lo, 1999, Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association.

Two methods of ligament injury: a morphological comparison in a rabbit model.

C. Frank, S. Walsh, 1988, The Journal of surgical research.

Dynamic in vivo three‐dimensional (3D) kinematics of the anterior cruciate ligament/medial collateral ligament transected ovine stifle joint

Janet E Tapper, R. Zernicke, C. Frank, 2008, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Medial collateral ligament autografts have increased creep response for at least two years and early immobilization makes this worse

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. Thornton, 2002, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Electrothermal shrinkage reduces laxity but alters creep behavior in a lapine ligament model.

C B Frank, A L Wallace, C. Frank, 2001, Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery.

Collagen fibril diameters in the healing adult rabbit medial collateral ligament.

R Rangayyan, D Bray, R. Rangayyan, 1992, Connective tissue research.

Abnormality of the contralateral ligament after injuries of the medial collateral ligament. An experimental study in rabbits.

C. Frank, D. Chimich, R. Bray, 1994, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

Stress governs tissue phenotype at the femoral insertion of the rabbit MCL.

C B Frank, N G Shrive, J R Matyas, 1995, Journal of biomechanics.

Matrix Metalloproteinase and Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase mRNA Levels are Specifically Altered in Torn Rotator Cuff Tendons

C. Frank, D. Hart, I. Lo, 2004, The American journal of sports medicine.

New understanding of the complex structure of knee menisci: Implications for injury risk and repair potential for athletes

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2011, Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports.

Increased meniscal loading after anterior cruciate ligament transection in vivo: a longitudinal study in sheep.

Cyril B Frank, Nigel G Shrive, Mohammad Atarod, 2015, The Knee.

Post-natal Molecular Adaptations in Anteromedial and Posterolateral Bundles of the Ovine Anterior Cruciate Ligament: One Structure with Two Parts or Two Distinct Ligaments?

C. Frank, N. Shrive, M. Chung, 2012, Connective tissue research.

The "epiligament" of the rabbit medial collateral ligament: a quantitative morphological study.

C. Frank, J. Matyas, P. Chowdhury, 1991, Connective Tissue Research.

Decorin antisense gene therapy improves functional healing of early rabbit ligament scar with enhanced collagen fibrillogenesis in vivo

L L Marchuk, T Ochi, C. Frank, 2000, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Ovine synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells retain the phenotype of the original tissue that was exposed to in-vivo inflammation: evidence for a suppressed chondrogenic differentiation potential of the cells

C. Frank, D. Hart, N. Nakamura, 2012, Inflammation Research.

Metabolic activity of bovine articular cartilage during refrigerated storage

C. Frank, L. Mcgann, N. Schachar, 1994, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Early healing processes of free tendon grafts within bone tunnels is bone-specific: a morphological study in a rabbit model.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. Thornton, 2002, The Knee.

The cellular matrix: a feature of tensile bearing dense soft connective tissues.

C. Frank, I. Lo, J. B. Rattner, 2002, Histology and histopathology.

Knee immobilization inhibits biomechanical maturation of the rabbit medial collateral ligament.

C. Frank, S. Walsh, D. Hart, 1993, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

Directional Analysis of Images in Scale Space

Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, Zhi-Qiang Liu, Cyril B. Frank, 1991, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

Analysis directional features in images using Gabor filters

Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, Zhi-Qiang Liu, Cyril B. Frank, 1990, [1990] Proceedings. Third Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems.

Electromagnetic stimulation of ligament healing in rabbits.

C. Frank, N. Schachar, G. Edwards, 1983, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

Statistical analysis of collagen alignment in ligaments by scale-space analysis

Z.-Q. Liu, R.M. Rangayyan, C.B. Frank, 1991, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

Location and gene-specific effects of methylprednisolone acetate on mitigating IL1β-induced inflammation in mature ovine explant knee tissue

Johnathan L. Sevick, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2017, Inflammation Research.

Altering ligament water content affects ligament pre‐stress and creep behavior

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. Thornton, 2001, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Water content alters viscoelastic behaviour of the normal adolescent rabbit medial collateral ligament.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Chimich, 1992, Journal of biomechanics.

Biomechanical study using fuzzy systems to quantify collagen fiber recruitment and predict creep of the rabbit medial collateral ligament.

C B Frank, N G Shrive, M M Reda Taha, 2005, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

Scar formation and ligament healing.

C. Frank, K. Hildebrand, 1998, Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie.

Electron microscopic quantification of collagen fibril diameters in the rabbit medial collateral ligament: a baseline for comparison.

R. Rangayyan, C. Frank, D. Bray, 1989, Connective tissue research.

A biomechanical study of suture pullout in linea alba.

C. Frank, J. Campbell, S. Huchcroft, 1989, Surgery.

Longitudinal measurement of tibial motion relative to the femur during passive displacements in the cat before and after anterior cruciate ligament transection

W. Herzog, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 1998, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Identification of sex hormone receptors in human and rabbit ligaments of the knee by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction: Evidence that receptors are present in tissue from both male and female subjects

C. Frank, D. Hart, P. Sciore, 1998, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Gender and neurogenic variables in tendon biology and repetitive motion disorders.

W. Herzog, C. Frank, D. Hart, 1998, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

Structural Consequences of a Partial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury on Remaining Joint Integrity: Evidence for Ligament and Bone Changes Over Time in an Ovine Model

Johnathan L. Sevick, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2021, The American journal of sports medicine.

Effect of calcium on the proliferation kinetics of synovium-derived mesenchymal stromal cells.

C. Frank, D. Hart, H. Dry, 2013, Cytotherapy.

Changes in the cyclic and static relaxations of the rabbit medial collateral ligament complex during maturation.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, T. Lam, 1993, Journal of biomechanics.

Finite element analysis of the meniscus: the influence of geometry and material properties on its behaviour.

Cyril B Frank, Nigel G Shrive, Judith R Meakin, 2003, The Knee.

Adaptive time-frequency analysis of knee joint vibroarthrographic signals for noninvasive screening of articular cartilage pathology

Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, Sridhar Krishnan, Cyril B. Frank, 2000, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

Osteoarthritis develops in the operated joint of an ovine model following ACL reconstruction with immediate anatomic reattachment of the native ACL

Jillian E. Beveridge, Janet E Tapper, C. Frank, 2013, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

The infrapatellar fat pad is affected by injury induced inflammation in the rabbit knee: use of dexamethasone to mitigate damage

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2016, Inflammation Research.

Hamstring spasm in anterior cruciate ligament injuries.

C. Frank, J. Gravel, 1995, Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association.

Alterations in Hoffa’s fat pad induced by an inflammatory response following idealized anterior cruciate ligament surgery

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2015, Inflammation Research.

Ligament structure, physiology and function.

C B Frank, C. Frank, 2004, Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions.

The Biology of Ligament Reconstruction

C. Frank, 1997 .

Allograft ligament transplantation

C. Frank, T. Lam, P. Sabiston, 1990, The American journal of sports medicine.

Viability of ligaments after freezing: An experimental study in a rabbit model

C. Frank, D. Bodie, D. McDonald, 1988, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Transplantation of the rabbit medial collateral ligament. I. Biomechanical evaluation of fresh autografts

C. Frank, N. Shrive, T. Lam, 1990, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Transplantation of the rabbit medial collateral ligament. II. Biomechanical evaluation of frozen/thawed allografts

C. Frank, N. Shrive, T. Lam, 1990, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Freezing Influences the Healing of Rabbit Medial Collateral Ligament Autografts

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. King, 1995, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

Immobilization alters cell metabolism in an immature ligament.

C. Frank, S. Walsh, D. Hart, 1992, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

The Biology of Tendons and Ligaments

C. Frank, D. Hart, 1990 .

Immobilization increases the vulnerability of rabbit medial collateral ligament autografts to creep

C. Frank, N. Shrive, R. Boorman, 1998, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Intraoperative graft tensioning alters viscoelastic but not failure behaviours of rabbit medial collateral ligament autografts

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. King, 1995, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

A new device and method for controlling the load in rabbit medial collateral ligament reconstructions.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, G. King, 1995, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

A new method of measuring the cross-sectional area of connective tissue structures.

C B Frank, N G Shrive, T C Lam, 1988, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

Ligament tension affects nuclear shape in situ: an in vitro study.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, J. Matyas, 1994, Connective tissue research.

Establishment and comparison of fibroblast cell lines from the medial collateral and anterior cruciate ligaments of the rabbit

C. Frank, R. Joshi, S. M. Ross, 1990, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology.

Ligament creep cannot be predicted from stress relaxation at low stress: A biomechanical study of the rabbit medial collateral ligament

C B Frank, N G Shrive, G M Thornton, 1997, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

A comparative study of simultaneous vibromyography and electromyography with active human quadriceps

G.D. Bell, Y.-T. Zhang, R. Rangayyan, 1992, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

In vivo measurement of the dynamic 3-D kinematics of the ovine stifle joint.

Janet L Ronsky, Cyril B Frank, Nigel G Shrive, 2004, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

Metabolic profiling of synovial fluid in a unilateral ovine model of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the knee suggests biomarkers for early osteoarthritis

C. Frank, N. Shrive, M. Chung, 2015, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Positive predictive value of maximal posterior joint-line tenderness in diagnosing meniscal pathology: a pilot study.

C. Frank, N. Mohtadi, R. Bray, 2007, Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie.

Pregnancy affects cellular activity, but not tissue mechanical properties, in the healing rabbit medial collateral ligament

C. Frank, N. Shrive, C. Reno, 2000, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

New directions in understanding and optimizing ligament and tendon healing

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2000 .

ACL/MCL transection affects knee ligament insertion distance of healing and intact ligaments during gait in the Ovine model.

Janet E Tapper, R. Zernicke, C. Frank, 2009, Journal of biomechanics.

Medial collateral ligament and partial anterior cruciate ligament transection: mRNA changes in uninjured ligaments of the sheep knee

C. Frank, D. Hart, T. Majima, 2003, Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association.

Three-dimensional in vivo kinematics and finite helical axis variables of the ovine stifle joint following partial anterior cruciate ligament transection.

Johnathan L. Sevick, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2019, Journal of biomechanics.

Analysis of change in gait in the ovine stifle: normal, injured, and anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2017, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.

Neurogenic, Mast Cell, and Gender Variables in Tendon Biology: Potential Role in Chronic Tendinopathy

C. Frank, D. Hart, A. Kydd, 2005 .

Acute botulinum toxin‐induced muscle weakness in the anterior cruciate ligament‐deficient rabbit

W. Herzog, C. Frank, D. Longino, 2005, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

The early effects of joint immobilization on medial collateral ligament healing in an ACL‐deficient knee: A gross anatomic and biomechanical investigation in the adult rabbit model

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Chimich, 1992, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Functional Activity of the Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligaments Under In Vivo Gait and Static Physiological Loads

C. Frank, N. Shrive, J. Rosvold, 2013, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

Calibration characteristics of a video dimension analyser (VDA) system.

C B Frank, N G Shrive, T C Lam, 1992, Journal of biomechanics.

A computerized study of knee-ligament injuries: repair versus removal of the torn anterior cruciate ligament.

C. Frank, N. Schachar, F. Rademaker, 1982, Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie.

A quantitative analysis of matrix alignment in ligament scars: A comparison of movement versus immobilization in an immature rabbit model

R Rangayyan, R. Rangayyan, C. Frank, 1991, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Alterations in Joint Angular Velocity Following Traumatic Knee Injury in Ovine Models

Johnathan L. Sevick, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 2019, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

Reproduction of in vivo motion using a parallel robot.

Janet L Ronsky, Joshua M Rosvold, Shon P Darcy, 2007, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

Complexity of Determining Cause and Effect In Vivo After Antisense Gene Therapy

C. Frank, N. Shrive, N. Nakamura, 2000, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

Surgical Biology for the Clinician Biologie chirurgicale pour le clinicien

C. Frank, K. Hildebrand, 1998 .

Linea alba closure: determination of ideal distance between sutures.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, S. Huchcroft, 1993, Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research.

Mathematical modeling and spectrum analysis of the physiological patello-femoral pulse train produced by slow knee movement

G.D. Bell, Y.-T. Zhang, R. Rangayyan, 1992, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

C. Frank, D. Hart, N. Nakamura, 2012, Inflammation Research.

Meniscectomy causes significant in vivo kinematic changes and mechanically induced focal chondral lesions in a sheep model

Cyril B Frank, Nigel G Shrive, Jillian E Beveridge, 2011, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Congruency Effects on Load Bearing in Diarthrodial Joints

Cyril B Frank, Nigel G Shrive, John Matyas, 2004, Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering.

Collagen Fibrillogenesis and mRNA Levels in the Maturing Rabbit Medial Collateral Ligament and Patellar Tendon

C. Frank, D. Hart, I. Lo, 2004, Connective tissue research.

A novel application of the principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) to the fatigue behavior of tendon tissue.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, S. Adeeb, 2004, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

There is significant load sharing and physical interaction between the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles of the ovine ACL under anterior tibial loads.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, E. O'Brien, 2012, The Knee.

The effect of cryopreservation on the biomechanical behavior of bovine articular cartilage

C B Frank, N G Shrive, C. Frank, 1989, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

The cellular networks of normal ovine medial collateral and anterior cruciate ligaments are not accurately recapitulated in scar tissue

C. Frank, D. Hart, I. Lo, 2002, Journal of anatomy.

Ligament Healing: A Review of Some Current Clinical and Experimental Concepts.

C. Frank, R. Bray, N. Shrive, 1992 .

Kinematic and Kinetic Interactions During Normal and ACL-Deficient Gait: A Longitudinal In Vivo Study

C. Frank, N. Shrive, M. Atarod, 2014, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

A comparison of passive flexion-extension to normal gait in the ovine stifle joint.

Joshua M Rosvold, Shon P Darcy, David T Corr, 2008, Journal of biomechanics.

A new measure of tibiofemoral subchondral bone interactions that correlates with early cartilage damage in injured sheep

C. Frank, N. Shrive, J. Beveridge, 2014, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Stress Measurements on the Articular Cartilage Surface Using Fiber Optic Technology and In-Vivo Gait Kinematics

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2020, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

Adaptive filtering, modelling and classification of knee joint vibroarthrographic signals for non-invasive diagnosis of articular cartilage pathology

R. M. Rangayyan, C. B. Frank, K. O. Ladly, 1997, Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing.

Analysis of knee vibration signals using linear prediction

R.M. Rangayyan, S. Tavathia, G.D. Bell, 1992, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

Auditory display of knee-joint vibration signals.

R M Rangayyan, C B Frank, R. Rangayyan, 2001, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

Analysis of knee joint sound signals for non-invasive diagnosis of cartilage pathology

R.M. Rangayyan, G.D. Bell, C.B. Frank, 1990, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine.

The Effect of External Loads and Cyclic Loading on Normal Patellofemoral Joint Signals.

Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, Cyril B. Frank, G. D. Bell, 1993 .

Viability of ligaments after freezing: An experimental study in a rabbit model

C. Frank, D. Bodie, P. Sabiston, 1988, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

A comparison of in vivo gene delivery methods for antisense therapy in ligament healing

T Ochi, C. Frank, N. Shrive, 1998, Gene Therapy.

Tendon mineralization is accelerated bilaterally and creep of contralateral tendons is increased after unilateral needle injury of murine achilles tendons

C. Frank, N. Shrive, J. Rosvold, 2013, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Quantitative analysis of the fine vascular anatomy of articular ligaments

R. Rangayyan, C. Frank, R. Bray, 1992, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

Acute botulinum toxin‐induced muscle weakness in the anterior cruciate ligament‐deficient rabbit

W. Herzog, C. Frank, D. Longino, 2005, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

The cellular matrix: a feature of tensile bearing dense soft connective tissues.

C. Frank, I. Lo, T. Ivie, 2002, Histology and histopathology.

Characterization of the fatigue behavior of the medial collateral ligament utilizing traditional and novel mechanical variables for the assessment of damage accumulation.

C. Frank, N. Shrive, M. Zec, 2010, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

Cartilage boundary lubrication of ovine synovial fluid following anterior cruciate ligament transection: a longitudinal study.

C B Frank, N G Shrive, C. Frank, 2015, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

Proposed model of botulinum toxin‐induced muscle weakness in the rabbit

W. Herzog, C. Frank, M. Vaz, 2005, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Complete ACL/MCL deficiency induces variable degrees of instability in sheep with specific kinematic abnormalities correlating with degrees of early osteoarthritis

Jillian E. Beveridge, Janet E Tapper, C. Frank, 2012, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

Matrix mRNA levels in ligament tissue versus cells

C. Frank, D. Hart, Niamh I. Donnelly, 1998, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal.

Efficient transfer of intact oligonucleotides into the nucleus of ligament scar fibroblasts by HVJ-cationic liposomes is correlated with effective antisense gene inhibition.

C. Frank, Y. Kaneda, D. Hart, 2001, Journal of biochemistry.

Molecular events surrounding collagen fibril assembly in the early healing rabbit medial collateral ligament—failure to recapitulate normal ligament development

C. Frank, N. Shrive, D. Hart, 2011, Connective tissue research.