P. Royston

P. Royston, D. Altman, D. Altman, 1995, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Update of the byvar command

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2001 .

Graphical Detection of Non‐Normality by Using Michael's Statistic

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 1993 .

Multivariable Fractional Polynomial Models

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, P. Royston, 2016, International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science.

Risk stratification for in-hospital mortality in acutely decompensated heart failure.

Patrick Royston, Douglas G Altman, P. Royston, 2005, JAMA.

A prognostic model for heart valve surgery

Patrick Royston, Gareth Ambler, Rumana Z Omar, 2003 .

Regression using fractional polynomials of continuous covariates: parsimonious parametric modelling.

P. Royston, D. Altman, 1994 .

A new measure of predictive ability for survival models

P. Royston, M. Parmar, B. Choodari-Oskooei, 2011, Trials.

Evaluation of sample size and power for multi-arm survival trials allowing for non-proportional hazards, loss to follow-up and cross-over

P. Royston, M. Parmar, A. Babiker, 2004 .

Modelling to extract more information from clinical trials data: On some roles for the bootstrap

P. Royston, W. Sauerbrei, 2007, Statistics in medicine.

Multivariable model-building with continuous covariates : 2 . Comparison between splines and fractional polynomials

P. Royston, W. Sauerbrei, H. Binder, 2011 .

External validation and updating of a prognostic survival model 1

P. Royston, M. Parmar, D. Altman, 2010 .

Prognostic model for HIV-1 disease progression in patients starting antiretroviral therapy was validated using independent data.

J. Sterne, P. Royston, M. Egger, 2005, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

Projection of Power and Events in Clinical Trials with a Time-to-event Outcome

P. Royston, F. M. Barthel, 2010 .

Multiple imputation of missing data: an implementation of van Buuren's MICE, and more

P. Royston, 2004 .

Multivariable regression model building by using fractional polynomials: Description of SAS, STATA and R programs

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, C. Meier-Hirmer, 2006, Computational Statistics & Data Analysis.

Multivariable fractional polynomials: update

P. Royston, G. Ambler, 2000 .

PTREND: Stata module for trend analysis for proportions

P. Royston, 2014 .

Estimation of reference ranges from normal samples.

P. Royston, J. Matthews, 1991, Statistics in medicine.

Analysis of serial measurements in medical research.

D G Altman, J N Matthews, M J Campbell, 1990, BMJ.

Multiple imputation using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice

Patrick Royston, Ian R White, Angela M Wood, 2011, Statistics in medicine.

Life expectancy difference and life expectancy ratio: two measures of treatment effects in randomised trials with non-proportional hazards

P. Royston, A. Hackshaw, H. Dehbi, 2017, British Medical Journal.

Dichotomizing continuous predictors in multiple regression: a bad idea

Douglas G Altman, Willi Sauerbrei, Patrick Royston, 2006, Statistics in medicine.

Development and validation of an international risk prediction algorithm for episodes of major depression in general practice attendees: the PredictD study.

Patrick Royston, Jan Neeleman, Irwin Nazareth, 2008, Archives of general psychiatry.

The use of cusums and other techniques in modelling continuous covariates in logistic regression.

P Royston, P. Royston, 1992, Statistics in medicine.

Flexible Parametric Survival Analysis Using Stata: Beyond the Cox Model

Paul C. Lambert, Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2011 .

The Lognormal Distribution as a Model for Survival Time in Cancer, With an Emphasis on Prognostic Factors

P. Royston, P. Royston, 2001 .

Multiple Imputation of Missing Values

P. Royston, 2004 .

How should variable selection be performed with multiply imputed data?

Patrick Royston, Ian R White, Angela M Wood, 2008, Statistics in medicine.

Avoiding bias due to perfect prediction in multiple imputation of incomplete categorical variables☆

Patrick Royston, Ian R. White, Rhian M. Daniel, 2010, Comput. Stat. Data Anal..

Bootstrap Assessment of the Stability of Multivariable Models

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, P. Royston, 2009 .

Combining fractional polynomial model building with multiple imputation

Patrick Royston, Tim P. Morris, James R. Carpenter, 2015, Statistics in medicine.

Tuning multiple imputation by predictive mean matching and local residual draws

Patrick Royston, Tim P Morris, Ian R White, 2014, BMC Medical Research Methodology.

Multiple imputation for an incomplete covariate that is a ratio

Patrick Royston, Tim P Morris, Ian R White, 2013, Statistics in medicine.

The design of simulation studies in medical statistics

Patrick Royston, Douglas G Altman, Roger L Holder, 2006, Statistics in medicine.

Construction and validation of a prognostic model across several studies, with an application in superficial bladder cancer

Patrick Royston, Richard Sylvester, Mahesh K B Parmar, 2004, Statistics in medicine.

Autosomal Genome-Wide Scan for Coronary Artery Calcification Loci in Sibships at High Risk for Hypertension

Patrick Royston, Eric Boerwinkle, Stephen T Turner, 2002, Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology.

The cost of dichotomising continuous variables

Patrick Royston, Douglas G Altman, P. Royston, 2006, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

Multivariable Model-Building: A Pragmatic Approach to Regression Analysis based on Fractional Polynomials for Modelling Continuous Variables

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, P. Royston, 2008 .

Generic, Simple Risk Stratification Model for Heart Valve Surgery

Patrick Royston, Gareth Ambler, Rumana Z Omar, 2005, Circulation.

Model-based screening by risk with application to Down's syndrome.

P. Royston, S. Thompson, 1992, Statistics in medicine.

Prognostic factors for renal cell carcinoma.

P. Royston, T. Eisen, P. Harnden, 2008, Cancer treatment reviews.

How to construct ‘normal ranges’ for fetal variables

P. Royston, E. M. Wright, P. Royston, 1998, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Comparison of techniques for handling missing covariate data within prognostic modelling studies: a simulation study

Douglas G Altman, Patrick Royston, Andrea Marshall, 2010, BMC medical research methodology.

Correcting for Optimistic Prediction in Small Data Sets

Patrick Royston, Ian R. White, Gordon C. S. Smith, 2014, American journal of epidemiology.

Calculation of unconditional and conditional reference intervals for foetal size and growth from longitudinal measurements.

P Royston, P. Royston, 1995, Statistics in medicine.

Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations (MICE): Implementation in Stata

Patrick Royston, Ian R. White, I. White, 2011 .

Metastatic renal carcinoma comprehensive prognostic system

P. Royston, J. Atzpodien, M. Reitz, 2003, British Journal of Cancer.

Multiple Imputation of Missing Values: Update

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2005 .

What do we mean by validating a prognostic model?

D G Altman, P Royston, P. Royston, 2000, Statistics in medicine.

Using Aalen's Linear Hazards Model to Investigate Time-varying Effects in the Proportional Hazards Regression Model

D. Hosmer, P. Royston, 2002 .

MIM: Stata module to analyse and manipulate multiply imputed datasets

Patrick Royston, John B. Carlin, John C. Galati, 2013 .

Calculating reference intervals for laboratory measurements

E M Wright, P Royston, P. Royston, 1999, Statistical methods in medical research.

Power and sample-size analysis for the Royston–Parmar combined test in clinical trials with a time-to-event outcome

P. Royston, 2018 .

Tools to Simulate Realistic Censored Survival-Time Distributions

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2012 .

Modelling continuous exposures with a ‘spike’ at zero: A new procedure based on fractional polynomials

P. Royston, W. Sauerbrei, H. Becher, 2010, Statistics in medicine.

Interferon alfa-2a versus combination therapy with interferon alfa-2a, interleukin-2, and fluorouracil in patients with untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRC RE04/EORTC GU 30012): an open-label randomised trial

P. Royston, M. Parmar, M. Gore, 2010 .

Goodness-of-fit statistics for age-specific reference intervals.

P Royston, P. Royston, E. M. Wright, 2000, Statistics in medicine.

Constructing time-specific reference ranges.

P Royston, P. Royston, 1991, Statistics in medicine.

The use of fractional polynomials to model continuous risk variables in epidemiology.

P Royston, G Ambler, W Sauerbrei, 1999, International journal of epidemiology.

Comment on sg3.4 and an Improved D'Agostino Test

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 1992 .

Flexible Parametric Alternatives to the Cox Model, and more

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2001 .

Further Development of Flexible Parametric Models for Survival Analysis

Paul C. Lambert, Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2009 .

A Combined Test for a Generalized Treatment Effect in Clinical Trials with a Time-to-event Outcome

P. Royston, 2017, The Stata journal.

Augmenting the logrank test in the design of clinical trials in which non-proportional hazards of the treatment effect may be anticipated

Patrick Royston, Mahesh K.B. Parmar, P. Royston, 2016, BMC Medical Research Methodology.

Estimating the Treatment Effect in a Clinical Trial Using Difference in Restricted Mean Survival Time

P. Royston, 2015 .

Multiple Imputation of Missing Values: Update of Ice

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2005 .

Combining estimates of interest in prognostic modelling studies after multiple imputation: current practice and guidelines

Douglas G Altman, Patrick Royston, Andrea Marshall, 2009, BMC medical research methodology.

A method for estimating age‐specific reference intervals (‘normal ranges’) based on fractional polynomials and exponential transformation

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, E. M. Wright, 1998 .

Imaging , Diagnosis , Prognosis Prognostic Model for Survival in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma : Results from the International Kidney Cancer Working Group

Sylvie Négrier, Patrick Royston, Michael Atkins, 2011 .

Modelling the effects of standard prognostic factors in node-positive breast cancer

M Schumacher, P Royston, W Sauerbrei, 1999, British Journal of Cancer.

A new strategy for meta‐analysis of continuous covariates in observational studies

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, P. Royston, 2011, Statistics in medicine.

Prognostic survival model for people diagnosed with invasive cutaneous melanoma

M. Weinstock, P. Royston, J. Aitken, 2015, BMC Cancer.

Age-specific reference intervals (“normal ranges”)

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, E. M. Wright, 1997 .

A simulation study of predictive ability measures in a survival model II: explained randomness and predictive accuracy

P Royston, Mahesh K B Parmar, P. Royston, 2012, Statistics in medicine.

Meta‐analysis of time‐to‐event outcomes from randomized trials using restricted mean survival time: application to individual participant data

Patrick Royston, Jayne F Tierney, Yinghui Wei, 2015, Statistics in medicine.

Generalized additive models

P. Royston, G. Ambler, 1998 .

Multiple Imputation of Missing Values: Further Update of Ice, with an Emphasis on Categorical Variables

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2009 .

Simplifying a prognostic model: a simulation study based on clinical data

Patrick Royston, Gareth Ambler, P. Royston, 2002, Statistics in medicine.

Multiple Imputation of Missing Values: New Features for Mim

Patrick Royston, John B. Carlin, Ian R. White, 2009 .

A New Framework for Managing and Analyzing Multiply Imputed Data in Stata

Patrick Royston, John B. Carlin, John C. Galati, 2008 .

A Menu-Driven Facility for Sample-Size Calculation in Novel Multiarm, Multistage Randomized Controlled Trials with a Time-to-Event Outcome

Patrick Royston, Mahesh K. B. Parmar, P. Royston, 2009 .

MFP: Multivariable Model‐Building with Fractional Polynomials

P. Royston, W. Sauerbrei, 2008 .

Non‐linear models for the relation between cardiovascular risk factors and intake of wine, beer and spirits

P. Royston, J. Head, G. Ambler, 2003, Statistics in medicine.

Analysis of serial measurements in medical research: Authors' reply

P. Royston, J. Matthews, D. Altman, 1990 .

Discrimination-based sample size calculations for multivariable prognostic models for time-to-event data

Patrick Royston, Rachel C. Jinks, Mahesh KB Parmar, 2015, BMC Medical Research Methodology.

Multivariable Modeling with Cubic Regression Splines: A Principled Approach

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, P. Royston, 2007 .

BOXTID: Stata module to fit Box-Tidwell and exponential regression models

P. Royston, 2013 .

Visualizing and assessing discrimination in the logistic regression model

Patrick Royston, Douglas G Altman, P. Royston, 2010, Statistics in medicine.

A Comparison of Statistical Methods for Age‐related Reference Intervals

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, E. M. Wright, 1997 .

Identifying the fertile phase of the human menstrual cycle.

P Royston, P. Royston, 1991, Statistics in medicine.

Explained Variation for Survival Models

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2006 .

Model Selection for Univariable Fractional Polynomials

P. Royston, 2017, The Stata journal.

Combined test versus logrank/Cox test in 50 randomised trials

P. Royston, M. Parmar, B. Choodari-Oskooei, 2019, Trials.

XRIML: Stata module for estimation of reference intervals ('normal ranges') by maximum likelihood

P. Royston, 2011 .

A flexible parametric accelerated failure time model and the extension to time-dependent acceleration factors.

P. Royston, M. Crowther, Mark Clements, 2022, Biostatistics.

The estimation and use of predictions for the assessment of model performance using large samples with multiply imputed data

Patrick Royston, Ian R White, Angela M Wood, 2015, Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift.

Novel designs for multi‐arm clinical trials with survival outcomes with an application in ovarian cancer

Patrick Royston, Mahesh K B Parmar, P. Royston, 2003, Statistics in medicine.

Flexible Parametric Alternatives to the Cox Model: Update

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2004 .

State of the art in selection of variables and functional forms in multivariable analysis—outstanding issues

Willi Sauerbrei, Geraldine Rauch, Harald Binder, 2019, Diagnostic and Prognostic Research.

ICE: Stata module for multiple imputation of missing values

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2014 .

Approximating statistical functions by using fractional polynomial regression

Douglas G. Altman, Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 1997 .

Comparing non-nested regression models.

S G Thompson, P Royston, P. Royston, 1995, Biometrics.

Designs for clinical trials with time-to-event outcomes based on stopping guidelines for lack of benefit

Patrick Royston, Valerie Isham, Mahesh KB Parmar, 2011, Trials.

Investigation of continuous effect modifiers in a meta-analysis on higher versus lower PEEP in patients requiring mechanical ventilation - protocol of the ICEM study

P. Royston, W. Sauerbrei, M. Briel, 2014, Systematic Reviews.

Impact of lack-of-benefit stopping rules on treatment effect estimates of two-arm multi-stage (TAMS) trials with time to event outcome

P. Royston, J. Bowden, B. Choodari-Oskooei, 2013, Trials.

Minim: allocation by minimisation in clinical trials

P Royston, P. Royston, S. Day, 2004 .

Marginscontplot: Plotting the Marginal Effects of Continuous Predictors

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2013 .

Modeling the effects of continuous risk factors.

D G Altman, P Royston, W Sauerbrei, 2000, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

Fractional polynomials in a new metastatic renal carcinoma continuous prognostic index involving histology, laboratory, and clinical predictors.

P. Royston, S. Stoerkel, J. Atzpodien, 2007, Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals.

Interaction of treatment with a continuous variable: simulation study of power for several methods of analysis

Willi Sauerbrei, Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2014, Statistics in medicine.

Exact conditional and unconditional sample size for pair-matched studies with binary outcome: a practical guide.

P Royston, P. Royston, 1993, Statistics in medicine.

Graphical Representation of Interactions

P. Royston, F. M. Barthel, 2006 .

Interaction of treatment with a continuous variable: simulation study of significance level for several methods of analysis

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, P. Royston, 2013, Statistics in medicine.

Comparison between splines and fractional polynomials for multivariable model building with continuous covariates: a simulation study with continuous response

Patrick Royston, Harald Binder, Willi Sauerbrei, 2013, Statistics in medicine.

Multivariable Fractional Polynomial Models

P. Royston, W. Sauerbrei, 2016, International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science.

Comments on ‘Performance of using multiple stepwise algorithms for variable selection’ by Ryan E. Wiegand, Statistics in Medicine 2010; 29:1647–1659

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, Martin Schumacher, 2011, Statistics in medicine.

Multivariable model-building with continuous covariates : 1 . Performance measures and simulation design

Patrick Royston, Harald Binder, Willi Sauerbrei, 2011 .

Improving the robustness of fractional polynomial models by preliminary covariate transformation: A pragmatic approach

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, P. Royston, 2007, Comput. Stat. Data Anal..

Special Topics Involving Fractional Polynomials

P. Royston, W. Sauerbrei, 2008 .

Multiple Imputation of Missing Values: Further Update of Ice, with an Emphasis on Interval Censoring

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2007 .

An approach to estimating prognosis using fractional polynomials in metastatic renal carcinoma

P. Royston, J. Atzpodien, M. Reitz, 2006, British Journal of Cancer.

A useful monotonic non-linear model with applications in medicine and epidemiology.

P Royston, P. Royston, 2000, Statistics in medicine.

CONTINUOUS VARIABLES: TO CATEGORIZE OR TO MODEL?

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, P. Royston, 2010 .

Investigating treatment-effect modification by a continuous covariate in IPD meta-analysis: an approach using fractional polynomials

P. Royston, W. Sauerbrei, 2022, BMC Medical Research Methodology.

Multivariable fractional polynomial interaction to investigate continuous effect modifiers in a meta-analysis on higher versus lower PEEP for patients with ARDS

Arthur S Slutsky, G. Guyatt, M. Meade, 2016, BMJ Open.

Survival analysis: coping with non proportional hazards in randomized trials

P. Royston, M. Parmar, 2011, Trials.

A Menu-driven Facility for Sample-size Calculation in Multiarm, Multistage Randomized Controlled Trials with Time-to-event Outcomes: Update

Patrick Royston, Babak Choodari-Oskooei, Daniel J. Bratton, 2015 .

Two Techniques for Investigating Interactions between Treatment and Continuous Covariates in Clinical Trials

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, P. Royston, 2009 .

Choice of scale for cubic smoothing spline models in medical applications.

P Royston, P. Royston, 2000, Statistics in medicine.

How To Work with MFP

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, P. Royston, 2008 .

Analysing covariates with spike at zero: A modified FP procedure and conceptual issues

Patrick Royston, Willi Sauerbrei, Heiko Becher, 2012, Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift.

Re: Visualizing length of survival in time-to-event studies: A complement to Kaplan-Meier plots - Response

P. Royston, D. Altman, Parmar Mkb., 2008 .

A Menu-driven Facility for Complex Sample Size Calculation in Randomized Controlled Trials with a Survival or a Binary Outcome

P. Royston, A. Babiker, 2002 .

Which measures of skewness and kurtosis are best?

P Royston, P. Royston, Patrick Royston, 1992, Statistics in medicine.

Tools for Checking Calibration of a Cox Model in External Validation: Approach Based on Individual Event Probabilities

Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2014 .

Multivariable fractional polynomials

P. Royston, G. Ambler, 1999 .

Flexible parametric alternatives to the Cox model

Paul C. Lambert, Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2009 .

Combining estimates of interest in prognostic modelling studies after multiple imputation : current practice and guidelines

P. Royston, D. Altman, R. Holder, 2009 .

Personalized model to predict keratoconus progression from demographic, topographic and genetic data.

Mary D. Fortune, P. Royston, S. Tuft, 2022, American journal of ophthalmology.

Methodology Open Access

Ash A. Alizadeh, Aaron M. Newman, C. Liu, 2022 .

Multivariate Random-effects Meta-analysis

Ian R. White, I. White, P. Royston, 2009 .

MFPMI: Stata module to build multivariable fractional polynomial models in multiply imputed data

P. Royston, T. Morris, 2016 .

A Multivariable Scatterplot Smoother

Nicholas J. Cox, Patrick Royston, P. Royston, 2005 .

A flexible parametric accelerated failure time model and the extension to time-dependent acceleration factors

Patrick Royston, Michael J. Crowther, Mark Clements, 2020, Biostatistics.

Multiple imputation using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice

I. White, P. Royston, A. Wood, 2011, Statistics in medicine.

The extension of total gain (TG) statistic in survival models: properties and applications

Patrick Royston, Babak Choodari-Oskooei, Mahesh K.B. Parmar, 2015, BMC Medical Research Methodology.

How should variable selection be performed with multiply imputed data?

I. White, P. Royston, A. Wood, 2008, Statistics in medicine.

Visualizing length of survival in time-to-event studies: a complement to Kaplan-Meier plots.

P. Royston, M. Parmar, D. Altman, 2008, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

Development and validation of an international risk prediction algorithm for episodes of major depression in general practice attendees: the PredictD study.

P. Royston, I. Nazareth, S. Weich, 2008, Archives of general psychiatry.

Comparison between splines and fractional polynomials for multivariable model building with continuous covariates: a simulation study with continuous response

P. Royston, W. Sauerbrei, H. Binder, 2013, Statistics in medicine.

Visualizing and assessing discrimination in the logistic regression model

P. Royston, D. Altman, 2010, Statistics in medicine.

Cusum plots and tests for binary variables

P. Royston, 1993 .

Corrigendum: Building multivariable prognostic and diagnostic models: transformation of the predictors by using fractional polynomials

P. Royston, W. Sauerbrei, 2002 .