N. Krieger

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Embodying Inequality: A Review of Concepts, Measures, and Methods for Studying Health Consequences of Discrimination

N. Krieger, 1999, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Measuring social class in US public health research: concepts, methodologies, and guidelines.

David R. Williams, N. Krieger, D. Williams, 1997, Annual review of public health.

Epidemiology and the web of causation: has anyone seen the spider?

N Krieger, N. Krieger, Nancy Krieger, 1994, Social science & medicine.

Choosing area based socioeconomic measures to monitor social inequalities in low birth weight and childhood lead poisoning: The Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project (US)

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, S. Subramanian, 2003, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

Lifetime socioeconomic position in relation to onset of perimenopause

N. Krieger, S. Zierler, L. Wise, 2002, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

Racial and gender discrimination: risk factors for high blood pressure?

N. Krieger, 1990, Social science & medicine.

Revisiting Robinson: the perils of individualistic and ecologic fallacy.

N. Krieger, S. Subramanian, K. Jones, 2009, International journal of epidemiology.

Overcoming the absence of socioeconomic data in medical records: validation and application of a census-based methodology.

N. Krieger, 1992, American journal of public health.

Geocoding and monitoring of US socioeconomic inequalities in mortality and cancer incidence: does the choice of area-based measure and geographic level matter?: the Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, S. Subramanian, 2002, American journal of epidemiology.

Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions

N. Krieger, M. Bassett, Z. Bailey, 2017, The Lancet.

Epidemiology and social sciences: towards a critical reengagement in the 21st century.

N. Krieger, 2000, Epidemiologic reviews.

Proximal, distal, and the politics of causation: what's level got to do with it?

N. Krieger, 2008, American journal of public health.

Jim Crow and Premature Mortality Among the US Black and White Population, 1960–2009: An Age–Period–Cohort Analysis

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2014, Epidemiology.

Breast Cancer Estrogen Receptor Status According to Biological Generation: US Black and White Women Born 1915‐1979

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2018, American journal of epidemiology.

Severe sociopolitical stressors and preterm births in New York City: 1 September 2015 to 31 August 2017

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, G. Van Wye, 2018, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.

Racial disparities in context: a multilevel analysis of neighborhood variations in poverty and excess mortality among black populations in Massachusetts.

Nancy Krieger, David H Rehkopf, S V Subramanian, 2005, American journal of public health.

Association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and breast cancer varies by menopausal status.

R. Hiatt, N. Krieger, B. Hulka, 1998, Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology.

Epi + demos + cracy: linking political systems and priorities to the magnitude of health inequities--evidence, gaps, and a research agenda.

Nancy Krieger, N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, 2009, Epidemiologic reviews.

County-level jail incarceration and preterm birth among non-Hispanic Black and white U.S. women, 1999-2015.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Madina Agénor, 2020, Social science & medicine.

Racial discrimination and blood pressure: the CARDIA Study of young black and white adults.

N Krieger, N. Krieger, S. Sidney, 1996, American journal of public health.

Who and what is a "population"? Historical debates, current controversies, and implications for understanding "population health" and rectifying health inequities.

N. Krieger, 2012, The Milbank quarterly.

Mapping and Measuring Social Disparities in Premature Mortality: The Impact of Census Tract Poverty within and across Boston Neighborhoods, 1999–2001

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2006, Journal of Urban Health.

Monitoring Socioeconomic Inequalities in Sexually Transmitted Infections, Tuberculosis, and Violence: Geocoding and Choice of Area-Based Socioeconomic Measures—The Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project (US)

S V Subramanian, Nancy Krieger, Mah-Jabeen Soobader, 2003, Public health reports.

Race/ethnicity, gender, and monitoring socioeconomic gradients in health: a comparison of area-based socioeconomic measures--the public health disparities geocoding project.

S V Subramanian, Nancy Krieger, David H Rehkopf, 2003, American journal of public health.

Methodologic implications of social inequalities for analyzing health disparities in large spatiotemporal data sets: An example using breast cancer incidence data (Northern and Southern California, 1988–2002)

Jarvis T. Chen, J. Schwartz, B. Coull, 2008, Statistics in medicine.

Monitoring Socioeconomic Determinants for Healthcare Disparities: Tools from the Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project

Nancy Krieger, Pamela D. Waterman, Jarvis T. Chen, 2011 .

Painting a truer picture of US socioeconomic and racial/ethnic health inequalities: the Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project.

S V Subramanian, Nancy Krieger, David H Rehkopf, 2005, American journal of public health.

Place, space, and health: GIS and epidemiology.

Nancy Krieger, N. Krieger, 2003, Epidemiology.

Zip code caveat: bias due to spatiotemporal mismatches between zip codes and US census-defined geographic areas--the Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project.

S V Subramanian, Rosa Carson, Nancy Krieger, 2002, American journal of public health.

Understanding AIDS: historical interpretations and the limits of biomedical individualism.

N. Krieger, E. Fee, Nancy Krieger, 1993, American journal of public health.

Hormone replacement therapy, cancer, controversies, and women’s health: historical, epidemiological, biological, clinical, and advocacy perspectives

N. Krieger, K. Dickersin, I. Löwy, 2005, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

Theories for social epidemiology in the 21st century: an ecosocial perspective.

N Krieger, N. Krieger, 2001, International journal of epidemiology.

Breast cancer, birth cohorts, and Epstein-Barr virus: methodological issues in exploring the "hygiene hypothesis" in relation to breast cancer, Hodgkin's disease, and stomach cancer.

N. Krieger, J. Weuve, E. F. Strong, 2003, Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology.

Sociodemographic characteristics of missing data in digital phenotyping

Jarvis T. Chen, R. Buckner, N. Krieger, 2021, Scientific Reports.

Lifelong socioeconomic trajectory and premature mortality (35–65 years) in France: findings from the GAZEL Cohort Study

N. Krieger, L. Berkman, I. Kawachi, 2006, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

Health inequalities and social inequalities in health.

N. Krieger, J. Lynch, P. Braveman, 2000, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Incorporating human mobility data improves forecasts of Dengue fever in Thailand

Jarvis T. Chen, M. Santillana, N. Krieger, 2020, medRxiv.

Incorporating human mobility data improves forecasts of Dengue fever in Thailand

M. Santillana, N. Krieger, J. Onnela, 2020, medRxiv.

What explains the public's health?--A call for epidemiologic theory.

N. Krieger, S. Zierler, 1996, Epidemiology.

Response: FACEing reality: productive tensions between our epidemiological questions, methods and mission.

N. Krieger, G. Davey Smith, 2017, International journal of epidemiology.

Sexual orientation disparities in Papanicolaou test use among US women: the role of sexual and reproductive health services.

S. Haneuse, S. Austin, N. Krieger, 2014, American journal of public health.

Can we monitor socioeconomic inequalities in health? A survey of U.S. health departments' data collection and reporting practices.

N. Krieger, J. T. Chen, G. Ebel, 1997, Public health reports.

Race/Ethnicity and Changing US Socioeconomic Gradients in Breast Cancer Incidence: California and Massachusetts, 1978–2002 (United States)

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2006, Cancer Causes & Control.

Occupational class, occupational mobility and cancer incidence among middle-aged men and women: a prospective study of the French GAZEL cohort*

N. Krieger, L. Berkman, I. Kawachi, 2005, Cancer Causes & Control.

The Use of High-Risk Criteria to Assess Mortality Risk among Unsheltered Homeless Persons

E. Cook, N. Krieger, J. O’Connell, 2020, Journal of health care for the poor and underserved.

Got Theory? On the 21st c. CE Rise of Explicit use of Epidemiologic Theories of Disease Distribution: A Review and Ecosocial Analysis

N. Krieger, 2014, Current Epidemiology Reports.

Breast cancer and serum organochlorines: a prospective study among white, black, and Asian women.

R. Hiatt, N. Krieger, M. Wolff, 1994, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

Class inequalities in women's health: combined impact of childhood and adult social class--a study of 630 US women.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, J. Selby, 2001, Public health.

Black carbon exposure more strongly associated with census tract poverty compared to household income among US black, white, and Latino working class adults in Boston, MA (2003-2010).

B. Coull, N. Krieger, A. Gryparis, 2014, Environmental pollution.

Can changes in the distributions of and associations between education and income bias temporal comparisons of health disparities? An exploration with causal graphs and simulations.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, 2013, American journal of epidemiology.

Health reform battles in the USA

N. Krieger, A. Birn, 2010, The Lancet.

Who, and what, causes health inequities? Reflections on emerging debates from an exploratory Latin American/North American workshop

B. Duncan, N. Krieger, Maria Inês Schmidt, 2010, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.

Tackling health inequities

N. Krieger, G. Davey Smith, 2008, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

The Role of Stage at Diagnosis in Colorectal Cancer Black–White Survival Disparities: A Counterfactual Causal Inference Approach

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, T. VanderWeele, 2015, Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

Theoretical frameworks and cancer inequities

N. Krieger, 2019 .

Temporal trends in the black/white breast cancer case ratio for estrogen receptor status: disparities are historically contingent, not innate

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2011, Cancer Causes & Control.

Glossary A glossary for social epidemiology

N. Krieger, 2001 .

Maternal experiences of racial discrimination and child weight status in the first 3 years of life

N. Krieger, K. Kleinman, M. Gillman, 2012, Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease.

Methods for Recruiting White, Black, and Hispanic Working-Class Women and Men to a Study of Physical and Social Hazards at Work: The United for Health Study

N. Krieger, M. Quinn, A. Stoddard, 2007, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Maternal experiences of racial discrimination and offspring sleep in the first 2 years of life: Project Viva cohort, Massachusetts, USA (1999-2002).

S. Redline, N. Krieger, S. Rifas-Shiman, 2020, Sleep health.

Breast and cervical cancer in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010

N. Krieger, S. Gomez, M. Bassett, 2012, The Lancet.

Risk of breast cancer after benign breast diseases. Variation by histologic type, degree of atypia, age at biopsy, and length of follow-up.

R. Hiatt, N. Krieger, 1992, American journal of epidemiology.

Sources of Interactional Problems in a Survey of Racial/Ethnic Discrimination.

David R. Williams, N. Krieger, B. Reeve, 2015, International journal of public opinion research.

Killed by Police: Validity of Media-Based Data and Misclassification of Death Certificates in Massachusetts, 2004-2016

B. Coull, N. Krieger, S. Gruskin, 2017, American journal of public health.

Re: "Race, family income, and low birth weight".

N. Krieger, D. Rowley, 1992, American journal of epidemiology.

Socioeconomic differences in sexually transmitted disease rates among black and white adolescents, San Francisco, 1990 to 1992.

N. Krieger, R. Kohn, S. Shiboski, 1995, American journal of public health.

Prevalence of Prognostic Biomarkers in Archival Specimens and Breast Cancer Survival Among White, Black, and Asian Women.

N. Krieger, 1998 .

On the wrong side of the tracts? Evaluating the accuracy of geocoding in public health research.

J W Hogan, N Krieger, P Waterman, 2001, American journal of public health.

Social class, race/ethnicity, and incidence of breast, cervix, colon, lung, and prostate cancer among Asian, black, Hispanic, and white residents of the San Francisco Bay Area, 1988–92 (United States)

N. Krieger, K. Swallen, S. Stewart, 1999, Cancer Causes & Control.

The influence of sociodemographic characteristics on agreement between self-reports and expert exposure assessments.

N. Krieger, D. Kriebel, M. Quinn, 2010, American journal of industrial medicine.

Socioeconomic data in cancer registries.

N. Krieger, 2001, American journal of public health.

Working Paper Series COVID-19 : US Federal accountability for entry , spread , and inequities

M. Santillana, N. Krieger, W. Hanage, 2020 .

COVID-19: US federal accountability for entry, spread, and inequities—lessons for the future

Jarvis T. Chen, M. Santillana, N. Krieger, 2020, European Journal of Epidemiology.

KRIEGER AND WILLIAMS RESPOND

N. Krieger, David Williams., 2002 .

Using Implicit Measures of Discrimination: White, Black, and Hispanic Participants Respond Differently to Group-Specific Racial/Ethnic Categories vs. the General Category “People of Color” in the USA

S. Reisner, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2022, Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities.

Trends in US Deaths Due to Legal Intervention Among Black and White Men, Age 15-34 Years, by County Income Level: 1960-2010

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, M. Kiang, 2014, HPHR Journal.

Black carbon exposure and extreme concentrations of residential economic and racial/ethnic privilege and deprivation

B. Coull, N. Krieger, A. Gryparis, 2015 .

The Ostrich, the Albatross, and Public Health: An Ecosocial Perspective—Or Why an Explicit Focus on Health Consequences of Discrimination and Deprivation is Vital for Good Science and Public Health Practice

N. Krieger, 2001, Public health reports.

Racism, Poverty, Abortion, and Other Reproductive Outcomes

N. Krieger, J. Rich-Edwards, 2000 .

Recommendations of the Conference “Measuring Social Inequalities in Health”

N. Krieger, S. Syme, N. Moss, 1996, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Aids Funding: Competing Needs and the Politics of Priorities

N. Krieger, Nancy Krieger, 1988, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Implications of Discrimination Based on Sexuality, Gender, and Race/Ethnicity for Psychological Distress among Working-Class Sexual Minorities: The United for Health Study, 2003–2004

N. Krieger, J. Lindsey, G. Bennett, 2010, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Police Killings and Police Deaths Are Public Health Data and Can Be Counted

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, M. Kiang, 2015, PLoS medicine.

Statistical Implications of Endogeneity Induced by Residential Segregation in Small-Area Modeling of Health Inequities

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2021, The American statistician.

Cancer disparities: developing a multidisciplinary research agenda – preface

K. Emmons, N. Krieger, Karen Burns White, 2005, Cancer Causes & Control.

Impacts of Census Differential Privacy for Small-Area Disease Mapping to Monitor Health Inequities

B. Coull, N. Krieger, L. Waller, 2022, 2209.04316.

Public Health Monitoring of Privilege and Deprivation With the Index of Concentration at the Extremes.

Gil A. Maduro, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2016, American journal of public health.

Epi + demos + cracy: A Critical Review of Empirical Research Linking Political Systems and Priorities to the Magnitude of Health Inequities

N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, 2009 .

Temporal Trends and Racial/Ethnic Inequalities for Legal Intervention Injuries Treated in Emergency Departments: US Men and Women Age 15–34, 2001–2014

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2016, Journal of Urban Health.

Embodying Inequality: Epidemiologic Perspectives

N. Krieger, 2016 .

Epidemiologic theory and societal patterns of disease.

N. Krieger, 1993, Epidemiology.

Religious Service Attendance and Suicide Rates.

N. Krieger, 2017, JAMA psychiatry.

Surveillance Bias and the Excess Risk of Malignant Melanoma among Employees of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

W. Clark, R. Hiatt, N. Krieger, 1993, Epidemiology.

Workplace hazards and health among informally employed domestic workers in 14 cities, United States, 2011-2012: using four approaches to characterize workers' patterns of exposures

N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, N. Theodore, 2022, medRxiv.

Geocoding public health data. Authors' reply

N. Krieger, S. Subramanian, S. Mick, 2003 .

Accounting for the Public's Health: An Introduction to Selected Papers from a U.S. Conference on “Measuring Social Inequalities in Health”

N. Krieger, N. Moss, 1996, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Climate crisis, health equity, and democratic governance: the need to act together

N. Krieger, 2020, Journal of public health policy.

Shrinking, widening, reversing, and stagnating trends in US socioeconomic inequities in cancer mortality for the total, black, and white populations: 1960–2006

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, A. Kosheleva, 2012, Cancer Causes & Control.

Does Epidemiologic Theory Exist

N. Krieger, 2011 .

The politics of ‘race’ and health

N. Krieger, 1993 .

Frameworks matter: ecosocial and health and human rights perspectives on disparities in women's health--the case of tuberculosis.

N. Krieger, S. Gruskin, 2001, Journal of the American Medical Women's Association.

Tumor Specimen Biobanks: Data Gaps for Analyzing Health Inequities—the Case of Breast Cancer

N. Krieger, Jaquelyn L. Jahn, 2018, JNCI cancer spectrum.

Embodiment: a conceptual glossary for epidemiology

Nancy Krieger, N. Krieger, 2005, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

The unique impact of abolition of Jim Crow laws on reducing inequities in infant death rates and implications for choice of comparison groups in analyzing societal determinants of health.

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2013, American journal of public health.

Man-Made Medicine and Women's Health: The Biopolitics of Sex/Gender and Race/Ethnicity

N. Krieger, E. Fee, 1994, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

"Bodies count," and body counts: social epidemiology and embodying inequality.

N. Krieger, G. Davey Smith, 2004, Epidemiologic reviews.

The tale wagged by the DAG: broadening the scope of causal inference and explanation for epidemiology.

Nancy Krieger, George Davey Smith, N. Krieger, 2016, International journal of epidemiology.

Monitoring socioeconomic disparities in death: comparing individual-level education and area-based socioeconomic measures.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, S. Subramanian, 2006, American journal of public health.

Reproductive justice & preventable deaths: State funding, family planning, abortion, and infant mortality, US 1980–2010

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2016, SSM - population health.

Exposure, susceptibility, and breast cancer risk: A hypothesis regarding exogenous carcinogens, breast tissue development, and social gradients, including black/white differences, in breast cancer incidence

N. Krieger, 1989, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

Structural Racism, Health Inequities, and the Two-Edged Sword of Data: Structural Problems Require Structural Solutions

N. Krieger, 2021, Frontiers in Public Health.

Does racism harm health? Did child abuse exist before 1962? On explicit questions, critical science, and current controversies: an ecosocial perspective.

N. Krieger, 2003, American journal of public health.

Discrimination and Health Inequities

N. Krieger, 2014, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Shades of Difference: Theoretical Underpinnings of the Medical Controversy on Black/White Differences in the United States, 1830–1870

N. Krieger, 1987, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Inequality, diversity, and health: thoughts on "race/ethnicity" and "gender".

N. Krieger, 1996, Journal of the American Medical Women's Association.

Genders, sexes, and health: what are the connections--and why does it matter?

N. Krieger, 2003, International journal of epidemiology.

Epidemiology and the People's Health

N. Krieger, 2011 .

Methods for the scientific study of discrimination and health: an ecosocial approach.

Nancy Krieger, N. Krieger, 2012, American journal of public health.

MethodsfortheScientificStudyofDiscriminationand Health:AnEcosocialApproach

N. Krieger, 2012 .

Commentary: ways of asking and ways of living: reflections on the 50th anniversary of Morris' ever-useful Uses of Epidemiology.

N. Krieger, 2007, International journal of epidemiology.

US-county level variation in intersecting individual, household and community characteristics relevant to COVID-19 and planning an equitable response: a cross-sectional analysis

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Ruoran Li, 2020, BMJ Open.

U.S. county-level characteristics to inform equitable COVID-19 response

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Ruoran Li, 2020, medRxiv.

Analyzing historical trends in breast cancer biomarker expression: a feasibility study (1947–2009)

N. Krieger, S. Schnitt, L. Habel, 2015, npj Breast Cancer.

Hormone therapy and the rise and perhaps fall of US breast cancer incidence rates: critical reflections.

Nancy Krieger, N. Krieger, 2008, International journal of epidemiology.

HIV infection in women: social inequalities as determinants of risk

N. Krieger, S. Zierler, 1998 .

Reframing women's risk: social inequalities and HIV infection.

N. Krieger, S. Zierler, 1997, Annual review of public health.

History,Biology,andHealthInequities:EmergentEmbodiedPhenotypes andtheIllustrativeCaseoftheBreastCancerEstrogenReceptor

N. Krieger, 2013 .

A glossary for social epidemiology

N. Krieger, 2001, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

Breast Cancer Incidence, Hormone Receptor Status, Historical Redlining, and Current Neighborhood Characteristics in Massachusetts, 2005-2015

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Emily Wright, 2022, JNCI cancer spectrum.

Metrics for monitoring cancer inequities: residential segregation, the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE), and breast cancer estrogen receptor status (USA, 1992–2012)

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, Nakul Singh, 2016, Cancer Causes & Control.

Jim Crow and estrogen-receptor-negative breast cancer: US-born black and white non-Hispanic women, 1992–2012

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, Jaquelyn L. Jahn, 2016, Cancer Causes & Control.

The impact of a police drug crackdown on drug injectors' ability to practice harm reduction: a qualitative study.

N. Krieger, S. Gruskin, H. Cooper, 2005, Social science & medicine.

Structural Racism, Historical Redlining, and Risk of Preterm Birth in New York City, 2013-2017.

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, M. Bassett, 2020, American journal of public health.

Accounting for health of women

N. Krieger, S. Zierler, 1997 .

Maternal experiences of racism and violence as predictors of preterm birth: rationale and study design.

E. Lieberman, N. Krieger, S. Zierler, 2001, Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology.

A mixed-methods approach to developing a self-reported racial/ethnic discrimination measure for use in multiethnic health surveys.

David R. Williams, N. Krieger, B. Reeve, 2009, Ethnicity & disease.

Self-reported experiences of racial discrimination and Black-White differences in preterm and low-birthweight deliveries: the CARDIA Study.

Sarah A. Mustillo, N. Krieger, S. Sidney, 2004, American journal of public health.

ENOUGH: COVID-19, Structural Racism, Police Brutality, Plutocracy, Climate Change-and Time for Health Justice, Democratic Governance, and an Equitable, Sustainable Future.

N. Krieger, 2020, American journal of public health.

Assessing health impact assessment: multidisciplinary and international perspectives

D Kriebel, N Krieger, N. Krieger, 2003, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

At the intersection of sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, and cervical cancer screening: assessing Pap test use disparities by sex of sexual partners among black, Latina, and white U.S. women.

S. Haneuse, S. Austin, N. Krieger, 2014, Social Science & Medicine (1967).

Exploring the Cervical Cancer Screening Experiences of Black Lesbian, Bisexual, and Queer Women: The Role of Patient-Provider Communication

S. Austin, N. Krieger, Madina Agénor, 2015, Women & health.

SexualOrientation DisparitiesinPapanicolaou TestUseAmongUS SexualandReproductive HealthServices

S. Haneuse, S. Austin, N. Krieger, 2014 .

Epidemiology, racism, and health: the case of low birth weight.

N. Krieger, 2000, Epidemiology.

Adult onset of major depressive disorder in relation to early life violent victimisation: a case-control study

N. Krieger, S. Zierler, L. Wise, 2001, The Lancet.

Women’s Health, Politics, and Power: Essays on Sex/Gender, Medicine, and Public Health

N. Krieger, E. Fee, 2020 .

Variation in racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 mortality by age in the United States: A cross-sectional study

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, M. Bassett, 2020, PLoS medicine.

Latin American social medicine: the quest for social justice and public health.

N. Krieger, 2003, American Journal of Public Health.

COVID-19 and Overall Mortality Inequities in the Surge in Death Rates by Zip Code Characteristics: Massachusetts, January 1 to May 19, 2020.

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, Jarvis T Chen, 2020, American journal of public health.

Spatial social polarisation: using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes jointly for income and race/ethnicity to analyse risk of hypertension

B. Coull, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2015, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.

The inverse hazard law: blood pressure, sexual harassment, racial discrimination, workplace abuse and occupational exposures in US low-income black, white and Latino workers.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, M. Quinn, 2008, Social science & medicine.

A vision of social justice as the foundation of public health: commemorating 150 years of the spirit of 1848.

N. Krieger, A. Birn, 1998, American journal of public health.

Revealing the Unequal Burden of COVID-19 by Income, Race/Ethnicity, and Household Crowding: US County Versus Zip Code Analyses

N. Krieger, Jarvis T Chen, 2020, Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP.

Learning From History About Reducing Infant Mortality: Contrasting the Centrality of Structural Interventions to Early 20th‐Century Successes in the United States to Their Neglect in Current Global Initiatives

N. Krieger, S. Subramanian, A. Bhatia, 2019, The Milbank quarterly.

Fixing US public health infrastructure for 1% of annual military budget

N. Krieger, 2022, The Lancet.

Epi 1 demos 1 cracy: Linking Political Systems and Priorities to the Magnitude of Health Inequities—Evidence, Gaps, and a Research Agenda

N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, 2009 .

cracy : Linking Political Systems and Priorities to the Magnitude of Health Inequities — Evidence , Gaps , and a Research Agenda

N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, 2009 .

Racial discrimination, response to unfair treatment, and depressive symptoms among pregnant black and African American women in the United States.

Rosalind J Wright, N. Krieger, K. Kleinman, 2012, Annals of epidemiology.

Differences in the self-reported racism experiences of US-born and foreign-born Black pregnant women.

N. Krieger, M. Gillman, J. Rich-Edwards, 2009, Social Science & Medicine (1967).

AIDS: The Politics of Survival

N. Krieger, G. Margo, 1994 .

Social class and black-white differences in breast cancer survival.

N. Krieger, M. Bassett, 1986, American journal of public health.

Social inequality and HIV infection in women.

N. Krieger, S. Zierler, 2000 .

Police drug crackdowns and hospitalisation rates for illicit-injection-related infections in New York City

N. Krieger, D. Wypij, H. Cooper, 2005 .

Racial Discrimination & Cardiovascular Disease Risk: My Body My Story Study of 1005 US-Born Black and White Community Health Center Participants (US)

David R. Williams, Kevin W. Smith, Jarvis T. Chen, 2013, PloS one.

MassBuilt: effectiveness of an apprenticeship site-based smoking cessation intervention for unionized building trades workers

N. Krieger, C. Okechukwu, G. Sorensen, 2009, Cancer Causes and Control.

Frequent police stops, parental incarceration and mental health: results among US non-Hispanic Black and White adolescent girls and boys

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Madina Agénor, 2020, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.

Prevalence and Health Implications of Anti-Gay Discrimination: A Study of Black and White Women and Men in the Cardia Cohort

N. Krieger, S. Sidney, 1997, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Epidemiology and the People's Health: Theory and Context

N. Krieger, 2011 .

Mortality Among Unsheltered Homeless Adults in Boston, Massachusetts, 2000-2009

E. Cook, N. Krieger, J. O’Connell, 2018, JAMA internal medicine.

Characterizing perceived police violence: implications for public health.

N. Krieger, S. Gruskin, H. Cooper, 2004, American journal of public health.

Rising incidence of breast cancer.

N. Krieger, 1988, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

Health Inequities : Emergent Embodied Phenotypes and the Illustrative Case of the Breast Cancer Estrogen Receptor

N. Krieger, 2012 .

“Registries are not only a tool for data collection, they are for action”: Cancer registration and gaps in data for health equity in six population‐based registries in India

N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, C. Victora, 2020, International journal of cancer.

Measures of Racism, Sexism, Heterosexism, and Gender Binarism for Health Equity Research: From Structural Injustice to Embodied Harm-an Ecosocial Analysis.

N. Krieger, 2019, Annual review of public health.

Prediagnostic serum vitamin D and breast cancer.

R. Hiatt, N. Krieger, N. Orentreich, 1998, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

Biologic Risk Markers for Coronary Heart Disease: Nonlinear Associations With Income

N. Krieger, L. Berkman, B. Coull, 2010, Epidemiology.

Working class matters: socioeconomic disadvantage, race/ethnicity, gender, and smoking in NHIS 2000.

Nancy Krieger, Mah-Jabeen Soobader, N. Krieger, 2004, American journal of public health.

Testing Hypothesized Psychosocial Mediators

N. Krieger, C. Okechukwu, G. Sorensen, 2011, Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education.

Inter-observer variability among pathologists' evaluation of malignant melanoma: effects upon an analytic study.

W. Clark, R. Hiatt, N. Krieger, 1994, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

Experiences of discrimination: validity and reliability of a self-report measure for population health research on racism and health.

N. Krieger, D. Naishadham, E. Barbeau, 2005, Social science & medicine.

The emerging histories of AIDS: three successive paradigms.

N. Krieger, E. Fee, 1993, History and philosophy of the life sciences.

Ovarian Function in Late Reproductive Years in Relation to Lifetime Experiences of Abuse

N. Krieger, S. Zierler, B. Harlow, 2001, Epidemiology.

The Fall and Rise of US Inequities in Premature Mortality: 1960–2002

N. Krieger, D. Rehkopf, P. Waterman, 2008, PLoS medicine.

"I have to constantly prove to myself, to people, that I fit the bill": Perspectives on weight and shape control behaviors among low-income, ethnically diverse young transgender women.

S. Reisner, S. Austin, N. Krieger, 2016, Social science & medicine.

Reply to Pearl: Algorithm of the truth vs real-world science (letter).

N. Krieger, G. Davey Smith, 2018, International journal of epidemiology.

Health Equity and the Fallacy of Treating Causes of Population Health as if They Sum to 100.

N. Krieger, 2017, American journal of public health.

Sticky webs, hungry spiders, buzzing flies, and fractal metaphors: on the misleading juxtaposition of "risk factor" versus "social" epidemiology.

N. Krieger, 1999, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

The Association of Workplace Hazards and Smoking in a U.S. Multiethnic Working-Class Population

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, C. Okechukwu, 2010, Public health reports.

UndertheRadar:HowUnexaminedBiasesin Decision-MakingProcessesinClinicalInteractions CanContributetoHealthCareDisparities

S. Fiske, N. Krieger, J. Dovidio, 2012 .

Excess mortality in men and women in Massachusetts during the COVID-19 pandemic

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2020, The Lancet.

Comparing individual- and area-based socioeconomic measures for the surveillance of health disparities: A multilevel analysis of Massachusetts births, 1989-1991.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, S. Subramanian, 2006, American journal of epidemiology.

RETRACTED: Now You See It, Now You Don't: Explicit Versus Implicit Measures of the Personal/Group Discrimination Discrepancy

Jason P. Mitchell, N. Krieger, D. Marx, 2000, Psychological science.

Social Hazards on the Job: Workplace Abuse, Sexual Harassment, and Racial Discrimination—A Study of Black, Latino, and White Low-Income Women and Men Workers in the United States

N. Krieger, M. Quinn, A. Stoddard, 2006, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Defining, Investigating, and Addressing Cancer Inequities: Critical Issues

David R. Williams, K. Emmons, N. Krieger, 2009 .

Immigration and generational trends in body mass index and obesity in the United States: results of the National Latino and Asian American Survey, 2002-2003.

N. Krieger, M. Alegría, L. Bates, 2008, American journal of public health.

Decrements in health-related quality of life associated with gender nonconformity among U.S. adolescents and young adults

S. Haneuse, S. Austin, N. Krieger, 2017, Quality of Life Research.

Unfair treatment, racial/ethnic discrimination, ethnic identification, and smoking among Asian Americans in the National Latino and Asian American Study.

N. Krieger, J. Lindsey, G. Bennett, 2008, American journal of public health.

Relations between individual and neighborhood-based measures of socioeconomic position and bone lead concentrations among community-exposed men: the Normative Aging Study.

N. Krieger, D. Sparrow, P. B. Ryan, 1999, American Journal of Epidemiology.

Women and social class: a methodological study comparing individual, household, and census measures as predictors of black/white differences in reproductive history.

N. Krieger, Nancy Krieger, 1991, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

Does racism harm health? Did child abuse exist before 1962? On explicit questions, critical science, and current controversies: an ecosocial perspective.

N. Krieger, 2003, American journal of public health.

The Making of Public Health Data: Paradigms, Politics, and Policy

N. Krieger, 1992, Journal of public health policy.

Geocoding and Measurement of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Position: A U.S. Perspective

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, J. Hogan, 2003 .

Re: "Use of census-based aggregate variables to proxy for socioeconomic group: evidence from national samples".

N Krieger, N. Krieger, D. Gordon, 1999, American journal of epidemiology.

Different slopes for different folks: socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in asthma and hay fever among 173,859 U.S. men and women.

N. Krieger, S. K. Van Den Eeden, C. Quesenberry, 2001, Environmental health perspectives.

Refiguring “Race”: Epidemiology, Racialized Biology, and Biological Expressions of Race Relations

N. Krieger, 2000, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Lifetime Socioeconomic Position and Twins' Health: An Analysis of 308 Pairs of United States Women Twins

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2005, PLoS medicine.

Longitudinal study of the inception of perimenopause in relation to lifetime history of sexual or physical violence

N. Krieger, J. Hogan, S. Zierler, 2004, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

Cancer Stage at Diagnosis, Historical Redlining, and Current Neighborhood Characteristics: Breast, Cervical, Lung, and Colorectal Cancers, Massachusetts, 2001–2015

Mariana C. Arcaya, Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, 2020, American journal of epidemiology.

Racism, sexism, and social class: implications for studies of health, disease, and well-being.

N. Krieger, D. Rowley, A. Herman, 1993, American journal of preventive medicine.

Spatial social polarization and birth outcomes: preterm birth and infant mortality – New York City, 2010–14

Gil A. Maduro, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2018, Scandinavian journal of public health.

Racial discrimination, psychological distress, and self-rated health among US-born and foreign-born Black Americans.

N. Krieger, A. Kosheleva, K. Koenen, 2011, American journal of public health.

Work factors and occupational class disparities in sickness absence: findings from the GAZEL cohort study.

N. Krieger, L. Berkman, I. Kawachi, 2005, American journal of public health.

50-year trends in US socioeconomic inequalities in health: US-born Black and White Americans, 1959-2008.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, 2014, International journal of epidemiology.

A Structural Model of Social Determinants of the Metabolic Syndrome.

David R. Williams, Kevin W. Smith, Jarvis T. Chen, 2020, Ethnicity & disease.

Poverty and Death in the United States

E. Eaker, N. Krieger, R. Hahn, 1996, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Poverty and Death in the United States—1973 and 1991

E. Eaker, N. Krieger, R. Hahn, 1995, Epidemiology.

Public Health, Embodied History, and Social Justice

N. Krieger, 2015, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Putting health inequities on the map: social epidemiology meets medical/health geography––an ecosocial perspective

N. Krieger, 2009 .

Gestational exposure to fatal police violence and pregnancy loss in US core based statistical areas, 2013–2015

N. Krieger, M. Weisskopf, Brigette A. Davis, 2021, EClinicalMedicine.

Ladders, pyramids and champagne: the iconography of health inequities

N. Krieger, 2008, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.

Analyzing and improving national and local child protection data in Nepal: A mixed methods study using 2014 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) data and interviews with 18 organizations.

J. Bhabha, N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, 2019, Child abuse & neglect.

The non-linear risk of mortality by income level in a healthy population: US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey mortality follow-up cohort, 1988–2001

B. Coull, N. Krieger, L. Berkman, 2008, BMC public health.

The target/perpetrator brief-implicit association test (B-IAT): an implicit instrument for efficiently measuring discrimination based on race/ethnicity, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, weight, and age

Jarvis T. Chen, S. Reisner, N. Krieger, 2021, BMC Public Health.

Is breast cancer a disease of affluence, poverty, or both? The case of African American women.

Nancy Krieger, N. Krieger, 2002, American journal of public health.

Social class and the black/white crossover in the age-specific incidence of breast cancer: a study linking census-derived data to population-based registry records.

N. Krieger, 1990, American journal of epidemiology.

Combining explicit and implicit measures of racial discrimination in health research.

M. Banaji, N. Krieger, D. Carney, 2010, American journal of public health.

A Century of Census Tracts: Health & the Body Politic (1906–2006)

N. Krieger, 2006, Journal of Urban Health.

Why history matters for quantitative target setting: Long-term trends in socioeconomic and racial/ethnic inequities in US infant death rates (1960–2010)

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2015, Journal of public health policy.

Not Just Smoking and High-Tech Medicine: Socioeconomic Inequities in U.S. Mortality Rates, Overall and by Race/Ethnicity, 1960–2006

N. Krieger, A. Kosheleva, P. Waterman, 2012, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

The Need for Epidemiologic Theory

N. Krieger, S. Zierler, 1997, Epidemiology.

In the 2020 US election, we can choose a just future

N. Krieger, Rhea W. Boyd, C. Jones, 2020, The Lancet.

Follow the North Star: Why Space, Place, and Power Matter for Geospatial Approaches to Cancer Control and Health Equity

N. Krieger, 2017, Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention.

Defining and investigating social disparities in cancer: critical issues

N. Krieger, 2005, Cancer Causes & Control.

Racial discrimination and skin color in the CARDIA study: implications for public health research. Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults.

N. Krieger, E. Coakley, S. Sidney, 1998, American journal of public health.

Adult female twins' recall of childhood social class and father's education: a validation study for public health research.

N. Krieger, J. Selby, Akiko Okamoto, 1998, American journal of epidemiology.

Living and Dying at the Crossroads: Racism, Embodiment, and Why Theory Is Essential for a Public Health of Consequence.

N. Krieger, 2016, American journal of public health.

The burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) among patients from Europe: A real-world patient-reported outcomes study

N. Krieger, R. Przybysz, E. Tapper, 2019, JHEP reports.

US racial and ethnic data for COVID-19 cases: still missing in action

N. Krieger, W. Hanage, Jarvis T Chen, 2020, The Lancet.

Monitoring Socioeconomic Determinants for Healthcare Disparities

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, S. Subramanian, 2007 .

A Researcher's Guide to the National Statistics Socio-Economic Classification

Nancy Krieger, N. Krieger, 2003 .

Decline in US breast cancer rates after the Women's Health Initiative: socioeconomic and racial/ethnic differentials.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2010, American journal of public health.

Workers are people too: societal aspects of occupational health disparities--an ecosocial perspective.

N. Krieger, 2010, American journal of industrial medicine.

DeclineinUSBreastCancerRatesAftertheWomen'sHealth Initiative:SocioeconomicandRacial/EthnicDifferentials

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2010 .

Race/ethnicity and breast cancer estrogen receptor status: impact of class, missing data, and modeling assumptions

Jarvis T. Chen, J. Ware, N. Krieger, 2008, Cancer Causes & Control.

Commentary: Society, biology and the logic of social epidemiology.

N. Krieger, 2001, International journal of epidemiology.

Occupational, social, and relationship hazards and psychological distress among low-income workers: implications of the ‘inverse hazard law’

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, A. Kosheleva, 2010, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

Passionate epistemology, critical advocacy, and public health: Doing our profession proud

N. Krieger, 2000 .

Alcohol disorders among Asian Americans: associations with unfair treatment, racial/ethnic discrimination, and ethnic identification (the national Latino and Asian Americans study, 2002–2003)

N. Krieger, J. Lindsey, G. Bennett, 2008, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.

Using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes at multiple geographical levels to monitor health inequities in an era of growing spatial social polarization: Massachusetts, USA (2010-14).

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, R. Kim, 2018, International journal of epidemiology.

MEASURING EVERYDAY RACIAL/ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION IN HEALTH SURVEYS

David R. Williams, N. Krieger, B. Reeve, 2011, Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race.

Metrics for monitoring cancer inequities: residential segregation, the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE), and breast cancer estrogen receptor status (USA, 1992–2012)

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, Nakul Singh, 2016, Cancer Causes & Control.

Reproductive Justice and the Pace of Change: Socioeconomic Trends in US Infant Death Rates by Legal Status of Abortion, 1960-1980

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2015, American journal of public health.

Class Matters: U.S. versus U.K. Measures of Occupational Disparities in Access to Health Services and Health Status in the 2000 U.S. National Health Interview Survey

N. Krieger, E. Barbeau, M. Soobader, 2005, International Journal of Health Services.

B. Coull, N. Krieger, S. Gruskin, 2019, American journal of public health.

Local Residential Segregation Matters: Stronger Association of Census Tract Compared to Conventional City-Level Measures with Fatal and Non-Fatal Assaults (Total and Firearm Related), Using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE) for Racial, Economic, and Racialized Economic Segregation, Ma

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2017, Journal of Urban Health.

Relationship of political ideology of US federal and state elected officials and key COVID pandemic outcomes following vaccine rollout to adults: April 2021–March 2022

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, W. Hanage, 2022, The Lancet Regional Health - Americas.

Comparing individual-based and household-based measures of social class to assess class inequalities in women's health: a methodological study of 684 US women.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, J. Selby, 1999, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

Why Epidemiologists Cannot Afford to Ignore Poverty

N. Krieger, 2007, Epidemiology.

Quantifying underreporting of law-enforcement-related deaths in United States vital statistics and news-media-based data sources: A capture–recapture analysis

B. Coull, N. Krieger, S. Gruskin, 2017, PLoS medicine.

Measuring social inequalities in health. Report on the Conference of the National Institutes of Health.

N. Krieger, N. Moss, P. R. Lee, 1995, Public health reports.

Ecosocial Theory, Embodied Truths, and the People's Health

N. Krieger, 2021 .

The real ecological fallacy: epidemiology and global climate change

N. Krieger, 2014, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.

Are inequities decreasing? Birth registration for children under five in low-income and middle-income countries, 1999–2016

N. Krieger, A. Barros, Jason Beckfield, 2019, BMJ Global Health.

Cancer Incidence and Multilevel Measures of Residential Economic and Racial Segregation for Cancer Registries

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, R. Kim, 2018, JNCI cancer spectrum.

Impacts of census differential privacy for small-area disease mapping to monitor health inequities.

B. Coull, N. Krieger, L. Waller, 2022, Science advances.

Age at menarche: 50-year socioeconomic trends among US-born black and white women.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, 2015, American journal of public health.

Experiences of Discrimination Scale

N. Krieger, D. Naishadham, E. Barbeau, 2012 .

Economic deprivation and AIDS incidence in Massachusetts.

N. Krieger, S. Zierler, J. Auerbach, 2000, American Journal of Public Health.

The evolving roles of US political partisanship and social vulnerability in the COVID-19 pandemic from February 2020–February 2021

Lucas M. Stolerman, M. Santillana, N. Krieger, 2021, PLOS global public health.

Social Class: The Missing Link in U.S. Health Data

N. Krieger, E. Fee, 1994, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

Use of Correct and Incorrect Methods of Accounting for Age in Studies of Epigenetic Accelerated Aging: Implications and Recommendations for Best Practices

N. Krieger, A. D. Diez Roux, G. Davey Smith, 2023, American journal of epidemiology.

The impact of low input DNA on the reliability of DNA methylation as measured by the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip

N. Krieger, G. Smith, K. Tilling, 2021, bioRxiv.

Measures of Local Segregation for Monitoring Health Inequities by Local Health Departments.

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, Daniel P. Dooley, 2017, American journal of public health.

Implicit Measures Reveal Evidence of Personal Discrimination

M. Banaji, N. Krieger, D. Carney, 2010 .

Stormy weather: race, gene expression, and the science of health disparities.

N. Krieger, 2005, American journal of public health.

Questioning epidemiology: objectivity, advocacy, and socially responsible science.

N. Krieger, 1999, American journal of public health.

Black carbon exposure, socioeconomic and racial/ethnic spatial polarization, and the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE).

B. Coull, N. Krieger, A. Gryparis, 2015, Health & place.

Decreasing Survey Response Rates in the Time of COVID-19: Implications for Analyses of Population Health and Health Inequities.

S. Reisner, N. Krieger, P. Waterman, 2023, American Journal of Public Health.

Missing again: US racial and ethnic data for COVID-19 vaccination

N. Krieger, W. Hanage, P. Waterman, 2021, The Lancet.

A Novel Use of Latent Class Analysis to Identify Patterns of Workplace Hazards among Informally Employed Domestic Workers in 14 Cities, United States, 2011-2012.

N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, N. Theodore, 2022, Annals of Work Exposures and Health.

Impact of Differential Privacy and Census Tract Data Source (Decennial Census Versus American Community Survey) for Monitoring Health Inequities.

B. Coull, N. Krieger, R. Nethery, 2020, American journal of public health.

A Geostatistical Approach to Large‐Scale Disease Mapping with Temporal Misalignment

Lauren Hund, Brent A Coull, Nancy Krieger, 2012, Biometrics.

Addressing the dearth of critical gender analysis in public health and medical pedagogy: an interdisciplinary seminar to generate student-created teaching examples

N. Krieger, J. Calzo, Sabra L. Katz-Wise, 2019, Critical public health.

Burden of disease, health indicators and challenges for epidemiology in North America.

N. Krieger, R. Detels, S. Harper, 2012, International journal of epidemiology.

Charlottesville: blatant racism, not grievances, on display

N. Krieger, M. Bassett, Zinzi Bailey, 2017, The Lancet.

Jim Crow and estrogen-receptor-negative breast cancer: US-born black and white non-Hispanic women, 1992–2012

N. Krieger, P. Waterman, Jaquelyn L. Jahn, 2016, Cancer Causes & Control.

The impact of county-level fees & fines as exploitative revenue generation on US birth outcomes 2011-2015.

Mariana C. Arcaya, N. Krieger, Brigette A. Davis, 2023, Health & place.

Implications of missing income data.

N. Krieger, A. Kaddour, Jarvis T Chen, 2008, Public health reports.

The Health of Black Folk: Disease, Class and Ideology of Science

N. Krieger, M. Basset, 1986 .

Exposing Racial Discrimination: Implicit & Explicit Measures–The My Body, My Story Study of 1005 US-Born Black & White Community Health Center Members

David R. Williams, Kevin W. Smith, Jarvis T. Chen, 2011, PloS one.

Social disparities in the burden of occupational exposures: results of a cross-sectional study.

N. Krieger, D. Naishadham, D. Kriebel, 2007, American journal of industrial medicine.

Measuring Social Inequalities in Health in the United States: A Historical Review, 1900–1950

N. Krieger, E. Fee, 1996, International journal of health services : planning, administration, evaluation.

AgeatMenarche:50-YearSocioeconomicTrendsAmong US-BornBlackandWhiteWomen

N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, A. Kosheleva, 2015 .

History, haldanes and health inequities: exploring phenotypic changes in body size by generation and income level in the US-born White and Black non-Hispanic populations 1959-1962 to 2005-2008.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, 2013, International journal of epidemiology.

Feasibility of analyzing DNA copy number variation in breast cancer tumor specimens from 1950 to 2010: how old is too old?

N. Krieger, S. Schnitt, L. Habel, 2018, Cancer Causes & Control.

Historical roots of social epidemiology: socioeconomic gradients in health and contextual analysis.

N. Krieger, 2001, International journal of epidemiology.

Comparing denominator sources for real-time disease incidence modeling: American Community Survey and WorldPop

B. Coull, N. Krieger, L. Waller, 2021, SSM - population health.

Racialized economic segregation and stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer in the United States

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Jarvis T Chen, 2018, Cancer Causes and Control.

Analyzing socioeconomic and racial/ethnic patterns in health and health care.

N. Krieger, 1993, American journal of public health.

Contextualizing Response Rates During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences From a Boston-Based Community Health Centers Study

Jarvis T. Chen, S. Reisner, N. Krieger, 2023, Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP.

Methods and Findings

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, D. Rehkopf, 2022 .

Mapping injustice, visualizing equity: why theory, metaphors and images matter in tackling inequalities.

N. Krieger, D. Dorling, G. McCartney, 2012, Public health.

A glossary for social epidemiology

N. Krieger, 2001, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

Counting accountably: implications of the new approaches to classifying race/ethnicity in the 2000 census.

N. Krieger, 2000, American journal of public health.

Breast bruises and breast cancer

N. Krieger, 2015, Breast Cancer Research.

Jarvis T. Chen, S. Reisner, N. Krieger, 2022, Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities.

Methods for the scientific study of discrimination and health: an ecosocial approach.

N. Krieger, 2012, American journal of public health.

Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions

N. Krieger, M. Bassett, Madina Agénor, 2017, The Lancet.

Changing to the 2000 standard million: are declining racial/ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities in health real progress or statistical illusion?

N Krieger, N. Krieger, D R Williams, 2001, American journal of public health.

Experiences of discrimination: validity and reliability of a self-report measure for population health research on racism and health.

N. Krieger, D. Naishadham, E. Barbeau, 2005, Social science & medicine.

Epigenetic clocks and research implications of the lack of data on whom they have been developed: a review of reported and missing sociodemographic characteristics

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, A. D. Diez Roux, 2023, Environmental epigenetics.

Disparities in Death: Comparing Education and Area-Based Socioeconomic Measures

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, D. Rehkopf, 2006 .

Chen et al. respond to "Bias in socioeconomic health disparities--comments".

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, Jason Beckfield, 2013, American journal of epidemiology.

Differences in the self-reported racism experiences of US-born and foreign-born Black pregnant women.

N. Krieger, M. Gillman, J. Rich-Edwards, 2009, Social science & medicine.

The Role of Stage at Diagnosis in Colorectal Cancer Black–White Survival Disparities: A Counterfactual Causal Inference Approach

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, T. VanderWeele, 2015, Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

Racial discrimination, psychological distress, and self-rated health among US-born and foreign-born Black Americans.

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, A. Kosheleva, 2011, American journal of public health.

History, biology, and health inequities: emergent embodied phenotypes and the illustrative case of the breast cancer estrogen receptor.

N. Krieger, 2013, American journal of public health.

A Geostatistical Approach to Large‐Scale Disease Mapping with Temporal Misalignment

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2012, Biometrics.

Revealing the Unequal Burden of COVID-19 by Income, Race/Ethnicity, and Household Crowding: US County Versus Zip Code Analyses

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, 2020, Journal of Public Health Management and Practice.

Hormone therapy and the rise and perhaps fall of US breast cancer incidence rates: critical reflections.

N. Krieger, 2008, International journal of epidemiology.

Racialized economic segregation and stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer in the United States

Nancy Krieger, Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, 2018, Cancer Causes & Control.

Sexual orientation disparities in Papanicolaou test use among US women: the role of sexual and reproductive health services.

S. Haneuse, S. Austin, N. Krieger, 2014, American journal of public health.

Social and Environmental Risk Factors for Hypertension in African Americans Follow

Scd, N. Krieger, Howard Hu, 2019 .

Social and Environmental Risk Factors for Hypertension in African Americans.

N. Krieger, Howard Hu, D. Prothrow-Stith, 2008, Florida public health review.

Occupational, social, and relationship hazards and psychological distress among low-income workers: implications of the ‘inverse hazard law’

Jarvis T. Chen, N. Krieger, A. Kosheleva, 2010, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.

Jim Crow and Premature Mortality Among the US Black and White Population, 1960–2009: An Age–Period–Cohort Analysis

Jarvis T. Chen, B. Coull, N. Krieger, 2014, Epidemiology.

Researching Critical Questions On Social Justice And Public Health: An Ecosocial Perspective

N. Krieger, 2005 .

Essay Review The Rorschach Test of Race/Ethnicity: Review of Health and Ethnicity. Helen Macbeth and Prakash Shetty (eds). (Society for the Study of Human Biology symposium series; 41); London: Taylor & Francis, 2001.

N. Krieger, 2001 .