T. Shors

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Use it or lose it: How neurogenesis keeps the brain fit for learning

Daniel M. Curlik, T. Shors, M. Anderson, 2012, Behavioural Brain Research.

Neurogenesis in the adult is involved in the formation of trace memories

E. Gould, T. Shors, T. Rydel, 2001, Nature.

Neurogenesis may relate to some but not all types of hippocampal‐dependent learning

E. Gould, T. Shors, Mingrui Zhao, 2002, Hippocampus.

Neurogenesis in adulthood: a possible role in learning

E. Gould, T. Shors, P. Tanapat, 1999, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

Learning enhances adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal formation

E. Gould, T. Shors, A. Reeves, 1999, Nature Neuroscience.

Preconceptions and prerequisites: Understanding the function of synaptic plasticity will also depend on a better systems-level understanding of the multiple types of memory

P. Milner, L. Matzel, T. Shors, 1997, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

MAP training: combining meditation and aerobic exercise reduces depression and rumination while enhancing synchronized brain activity

Ryan L. Olson, T. Shors, B. Alderman, 2016, Translational Psychiatry.

Neurogenesis and the spacing effect: learning over time enhances memory and the survival of new neurons.

T. Shors, H. Sisti, A. Glass, 2007, Learning & memory.

Trace Conditioning and the Hippocampus: The Importance of Contiguity

T. Shors, J. Santollo, D. Bangasser, 2006, The Journal of Neuroscience.

Stressful experience and learning across the lifespan.

T. Shors, 2006, Annual review of psychology.

Learning during stressful times.

T. Shors, 2004, Learning & memory.

Sex differences in learning processes of classical and operant conditioning

T. Shors, C. Dalla, 2009, Physiology & Behavior.

The Role of the Hippocampus in Trace Conditioning: Temporal Discontinuity or Task Difficulty?

Louis D. Matzel, Tracey J. Shors, Chetan C. Gandhi, 2001, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory.

Sex Differences and Opposite Effects of Stress on Dendritic Spine Density in the Male Versus Female Hippocampus

Tracey J. Shors, T. Shors, Chadrick Chua, 2001, The Journal of Neuroscience.

Training your brain: Do mental and physical (MAP) training enhance cognition through the process of neurogenesis in the hippocampus?

Daniel M. Curlik, T. Shors, D. Curlik, 2013, Neuropharmacology.

Memory traces of trace memories: neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and awareness

Tracey J. Shors, T. Shors, 2004, Trends in Neurosciences.

Associative Memory Formation Increases the Observation of Dendritic Spines in the Hippocampus

Tracey J. Shors, T. Shors, B. Leuner, 2003, The Journal of Neuroscience.

Is there a link between adult neurogenesis and learning?

Elizabeth Gould, E. Gould, T. Shors, 2006, Hippocampus.

Transcriptional profiling reveals regulated genes in the hippocampus during memory formation

Kenneth S Kosik, T. Shors, K. Kosik, 2002, Hippocampus.

Female rats learn trace memories better than male rats and consequently retain a greater proportion of new neurons in their hippocampi

T. Shors, C. Dalla, E. B. Papachristos, 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Rumination in major depressive disorder is associated with impaired neural activation during conflict monitoring

Ryan L. Olson, T. Shors, M. Bates, 2015, Front. Hum. Neurosci..

From stem cells to grandmother cells: how neurogenesis relates to learning and memory.

T. Shors, Tracey J Shors, 2008, Cell stem cell.

Acute stress persistently enhances estrogen levels in the female rat.

T. Shors, M. Paczynski, G. Wood, 1999, Stress.

Mental and physical training with meditation and aerobic exercise improved mental health and well-being in teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic

S. Silverstein, T. Shors, D. Demmin, 2022, Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.

Learning during middle age: A resistance to stress?

T. Shors, G. Hodes, 2007, Neurobiology of Aging.

Recording pattern visual evoked potentials under chloral hydrate sedation.

J. P. Ary, T. Shors, K. Wright, 1986, Archives of ophthalmology.

Changing the rate and hippocampal dependence of trace eyeblink conditioning: Slow learning enhances survival of new neurons

T. Shors, J. Waddell, Megan L. Anderson, 2011, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory.

Growth hormone is produced within the hippocampus where it responds to age, sex, and stress.

T. Shors, K. Kosik, C. Donahue, 2006, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Vasopressin induction of long‐lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate gyrus

Richard F. Thompson, T. Shors, Chong Chen, 1993, Hippocampus.

P100 amplitude variability of the pattern visual evoked potential.

J. P. Ary, T. Shors, K. Wright, 1986, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

Transient and persistent consequences of acute stress on long‐term potentiation (LTP), synaptic efficacy, theta rhythms and bursts in area CA1 of the hippocampus

T. Shors, R. Gallegos, Anette Breindl, 1997, Synapse.

Inescapable stress enhances extracellular acetylcholine in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex but not the nucleus accumbens or amygdala

T. Shors, P. Rada, G. P. Mark, 1996, Neuroscience.

Effects of stress and long-term potentiation (LTP) on subsequent LTP and the theta burst response in the dentate gyrus

T. Shors, E. Dryver, Eric Dryver, 1994, Brain Research.

Long-term potentiation is associated with increased [3H]AMPA binding in rat hippocampus

Michel Baudry, Richard F. Thompson, M. Baudry, 1992, Brain Research.

Stress persistently increases NMDA receptor-mediated binding of [3H]PDBu (a marker for protein kinase C) in the amygdala, and re-exposure to the stressful context reactivates the increase

I. Black, T. Shors, S. Elkabes, 1997, Brain Research.

Acute stress impairs (or induces) synaptic long‐term potentiation (LTP) but does not affect paired‐pulse facilitation in the stratum radiatum of rat hippocampus

Richard F. Thompson, T. Shors, 1992, Synapse.

Selective increase of AMPA binding to the AMPA/quisqualate receptor in the hippocampus in response to acute stress

Richard F. Thompson, M. Baudry, T. Shors, 1991, Brain Research.

Unpredictable and uncontrollable stress impairs neuronal plasticity in the rat hippocampus

Richard F. Thompson, T. Shors, M. Foy, 1990, Brain Research Bulletin.

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Induced Gene Expression Reveals Novel Actions of VGF in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity

I. Black, T. Shors, J. Alder, 2003, The Journal of Neuroscience.

Sexual Conspecific Aggressive Response (SCAR): A Model of Sexual Trauma that Disrupts Maternal Learning and Plasticity in the Female Brain

T. Shors, Krishna Tobόn, Gina E. DiFeo, 2016, Scientific Reports.

Critical brain circuits at the intersection between stress and learning

T. Shors, D. Bangasser, 2010, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.

Females do not Express Learned Helplessness like Males do

T. Shors, C. Dalla, Abigail S Whetstone, 2008, Neuropsychopharmacology.

Learning during motherhood: A resistance to stress

T. Shors, B. Leuner, 2006, Hormones and Behavior.

The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis is critically involved in enhancing associative learning after stressful experience.

T. Shors, J. Santollo, D. Bangasser, 2005, Behavioral neuroscience.

Distinctive stress effects on learning during puberty

T. Shors, G. Hodes, 2005, Hormones and Behavior.

Males and females respond differently to controllability and antidepressant treatment

Tracey J. Shors, T. Shors, B. Leuner, 2004, Biological Psychiatry.

Learning Enhances the Survival of New Neurons beyond the Time when the Hippocampus Is Required for Memory

E. Gould, T. Shors, Y. Kozorovitskiy, 2004, The Journal of Neuroscience.

The opposite effects of stress on dendritic spines in male vs. female rats are NMDA receptor‐dependent

T. Shors, B. Leuner, J. Falduto, 2004, The European journal of neuroscience.

Glucocorticoids are necessary for enhancing the acquisition of associative memories after acute stressful experience

T. Shors, A. Beylin, 2003, Hormones and Behavior.

The contribution of adrenal and reproductive hormones to the opposing effects of stress on trace conditioning in males versus females.

T. Shors, A. Beylin, G. Wood, 2001, Behavioral neuroscience.

Acute Stress Rapidly and Persistently Enhances Memory Formation in the Male Rat

Tracey J. Shors, T. Shors, 2001, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory.

■ REVIEW : Stress and Sex Effects on Associative Learning: For Better or for Worse

T. Shors, 1998 .

NMDA receptor antagonism in the lateral/basolateral but not central nucleus of the amygdala prevents the induction of facilitated learning in response to stress.

T. Shors, P. R. Mathew, Pramod R. Mathew, 1998, Learning & memory.

Stress facilitates classical conditioning in males, but impairs classical conditioning in females through activational effects of ovarian hormones.

T. Shors, G. Wood, 1998, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Stages of estrous mediate the stress‐induced impairment of associative learning in the female rat

T. Shors, Caroline M Lewczyk, Martin Pacynski, 1998, Neuroreport.

The Contribution of Stressor Intensity, Duration, and Context to the Stress-Induced Facilitation of Associative Learning

T. Shors, R. Servatius, 1997, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory.

Stress impedes exploration and the acquisition of spatial information in the eight-arm radial maze

T. Shors, E. Dryver, Eric Dryver, 1992, Psychobiology.

Stress-induced facilitation of classical conditioning.

C Weiss, C. Weiss, T. Shors, 1992, Science.

Inescapable versus escapable shock modulates long-term potentiation in the rat hippocampus.

Richard F. Thompson, T. Shors, S. Levine, 1989, Science.

Exposure to inescapable stress persistently facilitates associative and nonassociative learning in rats.

T. Shors, R. Servatius, 1994, Behavioral neuroscience.

The Neuropeptide VGF Produces Antidepressant-Like Behavioral Effects and Enhances Proliferation in the Hippocampus

I. Black, J. Krol, T. Shors, 2007, The Journal of Neuroscience.

Meditation and Aerobic Exercise Enhance Mental Health Outcomes and Pattern Separation Learning Without Changing Heart Rate Variability in Women with HIV

T. Shors, P. Lehrer, Emma M. Millon, 2022, Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback.

Testosterone in utero and at birth dictates how stressful experience will affect learning in adulthood

T. Shors, G. Miesegaes, 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Moderate drinking? Alcohol consumption significantly decreases neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus

T. Shors, M. Anderson, M. Nokia, 2012, Neuroscience.

A crucial process in maintaining brain plasticity and healthy cognitive function is adult neurogenesis

T. Shors, M. Anderson, M. Nokia, 2012 .

Stress, anxiety, and dendritic spines: What are the connections?

T. Shors, B. Leuner, B. Leuner, 2013, Neuroscience.

Postnatal decrease in transforming growth factor α is associated with enlarged ventricles, deficient amygdaloid vasculature and performance deficits

T. Shors, P. Levitt, R. C. Burrows, 2000, Neuroscience.

Rapid Estrogen Signaling in the Brain: Implications for the Fine-Tuning of Neuronal Circuitry

P. Mermelstein, F. Liu, T. Shors, 2011, The Journal of Neuroscience.

Learning to Learn: Theta Oscillations Predict New Learning, which Enhances Related Learning and Neurogenesis

T. Shors, M. Nokia, H. Sisti, 2012, PloS one.

The stressed female brain: neuronal activity in the prelimbic but not infralimbic region of the medial prefrontal cortex suppresses learning after acute stress

T. Shors, Lisa Y. Maeng, L. Maeng, 2013, Front. Neural Circuits.

Neurobiological Foundations of Stress

Richard F. Thompson, T. Shors, M. Foy, 2006 .

Learning Increases the Survival of Newborn Neurons Provided That Learning Is Difficult to Achieve and Successful

Daniel M. Curlik, Tracey J. Shors, T. Shors, 2011, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

Stress enhances excitatory trace eyeblink conditioning and opposes acquisition of inhibitory conditioning.

T. Shors, A. Beylin, 1998, Behavioral neuroscience.

Early acquisition, but not retention, of the classically conditioned eyeblink response is N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor dependent.

T. Shors, R. Servatius, Tracey J. Shors, 1996, Behavioral neuroscience.

Significant life events and the shape of memories to come: A hypothesis

T. Shors, 2006, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory.

Developmental mercury exposure elicits acute hippocampal cell death, reductions in neurogenesis, and severe learning deficits during puberty

T. Shors, H. Sisti, E. Dicicco-Bloom, 2007, Journal of neurochemistry.

Increased synthesis of two polypeptides in area CA1 of the hippocampus in response to repetitive electrical stimulation

Richard F. Thompson, C. Finch, T. Shors, 1991, Brain Research.

The Prefrontal Cortex Communicates with the Amygdala to Impair Learning after Acute Stress in Females but Not in Males

T. Shors, Lisa Y. Maeng, L. Maeng, 2010, The Journal of Neuroscience.

Steroids, learning and memory

T. Shors, G. Dohanich, D. Korol, 2009 .

Physical Skill Training Increases the Number of Surviving New Cells in the Adult Hippocampus

Daniel M. Curlik, T. Shors, D. Curlik, 2013, PloS one.

The modulation of Pavlovian memory

E. Gould, T. Shors, A. Beylin, 2000, Behavioural Brain Research.

Estrogen-mediated effects on depression and memory formation in females.

T. Shors, B. Leuner, 2003, Journal of affective disorders.

Mental and physical skill training increases neurogenesis via cell survival in the adolescent hippocampus

T. Shors, Gina E. DiFeo, 2017, Brain Research.

Once a mother, always a mother: maternal experience protects females from the negative effects of stress on learning.

T. Shors, L. Maeng, 2012, Behavioral neuroscience.

Opposite effects of stressful experience on memory formation in males versus females

T. Shors, 2002, Dialogues in clinical neuroscience.

The Adult Brain Makes New Neurons, and Effortful Learning Keeps Them Alive

T. Shors, 2014 .

Prozac during puberty: distinctive effects on neurogenesis as a function of age and sex

T. Shors, G. Hodes, J. Santollo, 2009, Neuroscience.

Chemotherapy disrupts learning, neurogenesis and theta activity in the adult brain

T. Shors, M. Nokia, Megan L. Anderson, 2012, The European journal of neuroscience.

New spines, new memories

T. Shors, B. Leuner, 2004, Molecular Neurobiology.

Taking neurogenesis out of the lab and into the world with MAP Train My Brain™

T. Shors, Emma M. Millon, 2019, Behavioural Brain Research.

The motirod: a novel physical skill task that enhances motivation to learn and thereby increases neurogenesis especially in the female hippocampus

Daniel M. Curlik, Tracey J. Shors, T. Shors, 2015, Brain Research.

Neurogenesis and learning: Acquisition and asymptotic performance predict how many new cells survive in the hippocampus

T. Shors, C. Dalla, D. Bangasser, 2007, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory.

Contribution of stress and gender to exploratory preferences for familiar versus unfamiliar conspecifics

T. Shors, G. Wood, 1995, Physiology & Behavior.

A trip down memory lane about sex differences in the brain

T. Shors, Tracey J Shors, 2016, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

Neurogenesis and Helplessness Are Mediated by Controllability in Males But Not in Females

T. Shors, H. Sisti, C. Dalla, 2007, Biological Psychiatry.

Effect of adrenalectomy and demedullation on the stress-induced impairment of long-term potentiation.

T. Shors, S. Levine, R. Thompson, 1990, Neuroendocrinology.

Temporal Discontiguity Is neither Necessary nor Sufficient for Learning-Induced Effects on Adult Neurogenesis

E. Gould, T. Shors, B. Leuner, 2006, The Journal of Neuroscience.

Enhanced glutamatergic neurotransmission facilitates classical conditioning in the freely moving rat

Richard F. Thompson, G. Lynch, T. Shors, 1995, Neuroscience Letters.

Can new neurons replace memories lost?

T. Shors, 2003, Science of aging knowledge environment : SAGE KE.

Preparing for adulthood: thousands upon thousands of new cells are born in the hippocampus during puberty, and most survive with effortful learning

Daniel M. Curlik, T. Shors, D. Curlik, 2014, Front. Neurosci..

Pattern Visual Evoked Potentials Recorded Under Chloral Hydrate Sedation

J. P. Ary, T. Shors, K. Wright, 1986, Topical Meeting on Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System.

Sexual trauma and the female brain

T. Shors, Emma M. Millon, 2016, Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology.

Stressful experience has opposite effects on dendritic spines in the hippocampus of cycling versus masculinized females

T. Shors, G. Hodes, C. Dalla, 2009, Neuroscience Letters.

Do sex differences in rumination explain sex differences in depression?

Ryan L. Olson, T. Shors, B. Alderman, 2017, Journal of neuroscience research.

The Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis Modulates Learning after Stress in Masculinized But Not Cycling Females

T. Shors, Debbie A Bangasser, 2008, The Journal of Neuroscience.

Mental and Physical (MAP) Training: A neurogenesis-inspired intervention that enhances health in humans

Ryan L. Olson, T. Shors, M. Bates, 2014, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory.

Mental and Physical ( MAP ) Training : A neurogenesis-inspired intervention that enhances health in humans q

Ryan L. Olson, T. Shors, M. Bates, 2014 .

Associative learning increases adult neurogenesis during a critical period

Daniel M. Curlik, T. Shors, D. Curlik, 2011, The European journal of neuroscience.

Neurogenesis, learning and associative strength

T. Shors, J. Waddell, 2008, The European journal of neuroscience.

Activation of immediate early genes after acute stress.

T. Shors, S. Schreiber, G. Tocco, 1991, Neuroreport.

Hippocampal Responses to Corticosterone and Stress, One of which is the 35,000 Mr Protein, Glycerol Phosphate Dehydrogenase

C. Finch, T. Shors, J. de Vellis, 1996, Journal of neuroendocrinology.

A negative correlation between the induction of long-term potentiation and activation of immediate early genes.

T. Shors, Stephen Maren, S. Schreiber, 1991, Brain research. Molecular brain research.

Stressful Life Memories Relate to Ruminative Thoughts in Women With Sexual Violence History, Irrespective of PTSD

T. Shors, Emma M. Millon, H. Y. M. Chang, 2018, Front. Psychiatry.

High levels of estrogen enhance associative memory formation in ovariectomized females

T. Shors, S. Mendolia-Loffredo, B. Leuner, 2004, Psychoneuroendocrinology.

The Basolateral Nucleus of the Amygdala Is Necessary to Induce the Opposing Effects of Stressful Experience on Learning in Males and Females

T. Shors, D. Bangasser, J. Waddell, 2008, The Journal of Neuroscience.

The hippocampus is necessary for enhancements and impairments of learning following stress

T. Shors, D. Bangasser, Tracey J Shors, 2007, Nature Neuroscience.

Control of interocular suppression as a function of differential image blur

T. Shors, E. Greene, K. Wright, 1992, Vision Research.

Acute stress impairs trace eyeblink conditioning in females without altering the unconditioned response

T. Shors, D. Bangasser, 2004, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory.

Stress-induced sensitization and facilitated learning require NMDA receptor activation.

T. Shors, R. Servatius, 1995, Neuroreport.

d-cycloserine reverses the detrimental effects of stress on learning in females and enhances retention in males

T. Shors, J. Waddell, E. Mallimo, 2010, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory.

Stress, Neural Basis of

T. Shors, B. Horvath, 2001 .

Opioid antagonist eliminates the stress-induced impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP)

Richard F. Thompson, T. Shors, S. Levine, 1990, Brain Research.

MAP Train My Brain: Meditation Combined with Aerobic Exercise Reduces Stress and Rumination While Enhancing Quality of Life in Medical Students.

T. Shors, Emma M. Millon, Paul Lavadera, 2020, Journal of alternative and complementary medicine.

correction: Neurogenesis in the adult is involved in the formation of trace memories

E. Gould, T. Shors, G. Miesegaes, 2001, Nature.

How mental health relates to everyday stress, rumination, trauma and interoception in women living with HIV: A factor analytic study

T. Shors, Emma M. Millon, 2021, Learning and Motivation.

Acute stress and re-exposure to the stressful context suppress spontaneous unit activity in the basolateral amygdala via NMDA receptor activation.

T. Shors, 1999, Neuroreport.

Sex differences in learning processes of classical and operant conditioning

T. Shors, C. Dalla, 2009, Physiology & Behavior.

MAP Training My Brain™: Meditation Plus Aerobic Exercise Lessens Trauma of Sexual Violence More Than Either Activity Alone

T. Shors, Emma M. Millon, H. Y. M. Chang, 2018, Front. Neurosci..

Learning Increases the Survival of Newborn Neurons Provided That Learning Is Difficult to Achieve and Successful

Daniel M. Curlik, T. Shors, 2011, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

Changing the rate and hippocampal dependence of trace eyeblink conditioning: Slow learning enhances survival of new neurons

T. Shors, J. Waddell, Megan L. Anderson, 2011, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory.

Saving new brain cells.

T. Shors, Tracey J Shors, 2009, Scientific American.

Prozac during puberty: distinctive effects on neurogenesis as a function of age and sex

T. Shors, G. Hodes, J. Santollo, 2009, Neuroscience.