K. Brouwer

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Membrane transporters in drug development

M. Niemi, Y. Sugiyama, K. Giacomini, 2010, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.

Antifungal Extraction by the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuit.

K. Brouwer, M. Cohen-Wolkowiez, I. Cheifetz, 2017, The journal of extra-corporeal technology.

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Approach to Determine Dosing on Extracorporeal Life Support: Fluconazole in Children on ECMO

K. Brouwer, P. Zhao, J. Barrett, 2018, CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology.

Integration of hepatic drug transporters and phase II metabolizing enzymes: mechanisms of hepatic excretion of sulfate, glucuronide, and glutathione metabolites.

Kim L R Brouwer, K. Brouwer, K. Hoffmaster, 2006, European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences.

DMD048181 1179..1186

K. Brouwer, M. Radtke, D. Thakker, 2013 .

Modulation of trabectedin (ET-743) hepatobiliary disposition by multidrug resistance-associated proteins (Mrps) may prevent hepatotoxicity.

K. Brouwer, M. J. Zamek-Gliszczynski, E. Leslie, 2008, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

Biliary excretion in primary rat hepatocytes cultured in a collagen-sandwich configuration.

Bruno Stieger, John J Lemasters, Kim L R Brouwer, 1999, American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology.

Mechanistic Modeling of Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI)

P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, S. Siler, 2015 .

K. Brouwer, K. Boggess, Craig R. Lee, 2021, Frontiers in Pharmacology.

P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of morphine in brain capillary endothelial cells.

K. Brouwer, J. Polli, G. M. Pollack, 1999, Biochemical pharmacology.

MULTIPLE MECHANISMS ARE INVOLVED IN THE BILIARY EXCRETION OF ACETAMINOPHEN SULFATE IN THE RAT: ROLE OF MRP2 AND BCRP1

K. Brouwer, K. Hoffmaster, J. Polli, 2005, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Role of constitutive androstane receptor in the in vivo induction of Mrp3 and CYP2B1/2 by phenobarbital.

K. Brouwer, M. Negishi, K. Yoshinari, 2002, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

Analysis of Hepatic Transport Proteins

K. Brouwer, Kyunghee Yang, K. Köck, 2013 .

In Vitro Investigation of the Hepatobiliary Disposition Mechanisms of the Antifungal Agent Micafungin in Humans and Rats

K. Brouwer, D. Benjamin, P. Annaert, 2010, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Microsoft Word-46723493-file00

K. Brouwer, P. Annaert, Souzan B. Yanni, 2010 .

Protein expression and function of organic anion transporters in short‐term and long‐term cultures of Huh7 human hepatoma cells

K. Brouwer, P. Honkakoski, Melina M. Malinen, 2019, European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences.

Pharmacokinetics of 5 (and 6)-Carboxy-2′,7′-Dichlorofluorescein and Its Diacetate Promoiety in the Liver

K. Brouwer, M. J. Zamek-Gliszczynski, G. M. Pollack, 2003, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Drug Transport in the Liver

K. Brouwer, K. Köck, B. Ferslew, 2014 .

Farnesoid X Receptor Agonists Obeticholic Acid and Chenodeoxycholic Acid Increase Bile Acid Efflux in Sandwich-Cultured Human Hepatocytes: Functional Evidence and Mechanisms

K. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, Cen Guo, 2018, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

In Vitro and in Vivo Determination of Piperacillin Metabolism in Humans

K. Brouwer, A. Bridges, G. Ghibellini, 2007, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Mechanistic Modeling of the Hepatic Disposition of Estradiol-17β-Glucuronide in Sandwich-Cultured Human Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, Noora Sjöstedt, Katsuaki Ito, 2019, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

AGI July 40/1

K. Brouwer, P. Meier, B. Stieger, 1999 .

Systems Pharmacology Modeling Predicts Delayed Presentation and Species Differences in Bile Acid-Mediated Troglitazone Hepatotoxicity

Paul B Watkins, P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, 2014, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Can Bile Salt Export Pump Inhibition Testing in Drug Discovery and Development Reduce Liver Injury Risk? An International Transporter Consortium Perspective

A. D. Rodrigues, J. G. Kenna, P. Watkins, 2018, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes as a Tool to Study Drug Disposition and Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, S. Siler, 2016, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Prediction of Altered Bile Acid Disposition Due to Inhibition of Multiple Transporters: An Integrated Approach Using Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes, Mechanistic Modeling, and Simulation

K. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, Kyunghee Yang, 2016, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Inhibition of Human Hepatic Bile Acid Transporters by Tolvaptan and Metabolites: Contributing Factors to Drug-Induced Liver Injury?

K. Brouwer, W. J. Brock, K. Brouwer, 2016, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

Endogenous bile acid disposition in rat and human sandwich-cultured hepatocytes.

K. Brouwer, R. S. St. Claire, Cassandra H. Perry, 2012, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

Combination Lopinavir and Ritonavir Alter Exogenous and Endogenous Bile Acid Disposition in Sandwich-Cultured Rat Hepatocytes

P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, R. S. St. Claire, 2013, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Risk Factors for Development of Cholestatic Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Inhibition of Hepatic Basolateral Bile Acid Transporters Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins 3 and 4

K. Brouwer, P. Swaan, T. Urban, 2014, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Effect of Pancreatico-Biliary Secretions and GI Transit Time on the Absorption and Pharmacokinetic Profile of Ranitidine in Humans

C. B. Burns, W. Heizer, K. Brouwer, 1998, Pharmaceutical Research.

Bile Acids as Potential Biomarkers to Assess Liver Impairment in Polycystic Kidney Disease

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, Wei Jia, 2018, International journal of toxicology.

Increased brain P-glycoprotein in morphine tolerant rats.

K. Brouwer, C. Aquilante, G. M. Pollack, 1999, Life sciences.

Effects of a potent and specific P-glycoprotein inhibitor on the blood-brain barrier distribution and antinociceptive effect of morphine in the rat.

K. Brouwer, G. M. Pollack, K. Brouwer, 1999, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

Medication use and medical comorbidity in patients with chronic hepatitis C from a US commercial claims database: high utilization of drugs with interaction potential

K. Brouwer, J. Farley, M. Fried, 2014, European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology.

Identification of novel MRP3 inhibitors based on computational models and validation using an in vitro membrane vesicle assay

K. Brouwer, P. Swaan, Matthew A. Welch, 2017, European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences.

Characterization of the Cytochrome P450 epoxyeicosanoid pathway in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

K. Brouwer, D. Zeldin, M. Edin, 2016, Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators.

Transporter‐Mediated Alterations in Patients With NASH Increase Systemic and Hepatic Exposure to an OATP and MRP2 Substrate

M. Niemi, K. Brouwer, A. Barritt, 2018, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Cefazolin Pharmacokinetics in Premature Infants

K. Brouwer, P. Smith, D. Benjamin, 2019, Journal of Perinatology.

Evaluation of the Role of Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein (Mrp) 3 and Mrp4 in Hepatic Basolateral Excretion of Sulfate and Glucuronide Metabolites of Acetaminophen, 4-Methylumbelliferone, and Harmol in Abcc3–/– and Abcc4–/– Mice

K. Brouwer, G. Kruh, M. Belinsky, 2006, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Endogenous Coproporphyrin I and III Are Altered in Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2-Deficient (TR-) Rats.

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, H. E. Meyer zu Schwabedissen, 2020, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Role of Multidrug Resistance–Associated Protein 4 in the Basolateral Efflux of Hepatically Derived Enalaprilat

K. Brouwer, Arlene S. Bridges, B. Ferslew, 2014, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Advancing Predictions of Tissue and Intracellular Drug Concentrations Using In Vitro, Imaging and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approaches

Yuichi Sugiyama, Aleksandra Galetin, Jan Snoeys, 2018, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Prediction of Hepatic Efflux Transporter-Mediated Drug Interactions: When Is it Optimal to Measure Intracellular Unbound Fraction of Inhibitors?

K. Brouwer, C. Xia, M. Liao, 2017, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Impact of Basolateral Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein (Mrp) 3 and Mrp4 on the Hepatobiliary Disposition of Fexofenadine in Perfused Mouse Livers

K. Brouwer, G. Kruh, M. Belinsky, 2008, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

In Vitro Biliary Clearance of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers and 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors in Sandwich-Cultured Rat Hepatocytes: Comparison with in Vivo Biliary Clearance

K. Brouwer, W. Yue, K. Abe, 2008, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Use of Ca 2 1 Modulation to Evaluate Biliary Excretion in Sandwich-Cultured Rat Hepatocytes 1

R. M. Lightfoot, K. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, 1999 .

Use of Ca Modulation to Evaluate Biliary Excretion in Sandwich-Cultured Rat Hepatocytes1

R. M. Lightfoot, K. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, 1999 .

P-glycoprotein-mediated in vitro biliary excretion in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes.

K. Brouwer, P. Annaert, D. Thakker, 2001, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

Modulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) and Mrp3 expression and function with small interfering RNA in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes.

Peijin Zhang, K. Brouwer, Xianbin Tian, 2004, Molecular pharmacology.

Hepatocellular Exposure of Troglitazone Metabolites in Rat Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes Lacking Bcrp and Mrp2: Interplay between Formation and Excretion

K. Brouwer, Kyunghee Yang, 2014, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Hepatobiliary Disposition of Troglitazone and Metabolites in Rat and Human Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes: Use of Monte Carlo Simulations to Assess the Impact of Changes in Biliary Excretion on Troglitazone Sulfate Accumulation

K. Brouwer, Changwon Lim, K. Abe, 2010, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Novel Mechanism of Impaired Function of Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide 1B3 in Human Hepatocytes: Post-Translational Regulation of OATP1B3 by Protein Kinase C Activation

K. Brouwer, W. Yue, J. Powell, 2014, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

MULTIPLE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS MEDIATE THE HEPATIC UPTAKE AND BILIARY EXCRETION OF THE METABOLICALLY STABLE OPIOID PEPTIDE [d-PENICILLAMINE2,5]ENKEPHALIN

K. Brouwer, K. Hoffmaster, G. M. Pollack, 2005, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

ALTERED HEPATOBILIARY DISPOSITION OF 5 (AND 6)-CARBOXY-2′,7′-DICHLOROFLUORESCEIN IN Abcg2 (Bcrp1) AND Abcc2 (Mrp2) KNOCKOUT MICE

Thomas J. Raub, K. Brouwer, K. Nezasa, 2006, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Hepatobiliary Disposition of a Drug/Metabolite Pair: Comprehensive Pharmacokinetic Modeling in Sandwich-Cultured Rat Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, K. Hoffmaster, G. M. Pollack, 2006, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Identification of hepatic phospholipidosis inducers in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes, a physiologically relevant model, reveals altered basolateral uptake and biliary excretion of anionic probe substrates.

K. Brouwer, B. Ferslew, 2014, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

An Experimental Approach To Evaluate the Impact of Impaired Transport Function on Hepatobiliary Drug Disposition Using Mrp2-Deficient TR– Rat Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes in Combination with Bcrp Knockdown

K. Brouwer, W. Yue, P. Stewart, 2014, Molecular pharmaceutics.

DMD048272 958..965

K. Brouwer, N. Oberlies, R. Hawke, 2013 .

Integration of Preclinical and Clinical Data with Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation to Evaluate Fexofenadine as a Probe for Hepatobiliary Transport Function

K. Brouwer, B. Swift, Xianbin Tian, 2009, Pharmaceutical Research.

Apparent Differences in Mechanisms of Harmol Sulfate Biliary Excretion in Mice and Rats

K. Brouwer, K. Hoffmaster, K. Nezasa, 2008, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Novel in Vitro Method Reveals Drugs That Inhibit Organic Solute Transporter Alpha/Beta (OSTα/β).

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, P. Honkakoski, 2018, Molecular pharmaceutics.

ASSESSMENT OF DRUG INTERACTIONS IN HEPATOBILIARY TRANSPORT USING RHODAMINE 123 IN SANDWICH-CULTURED RAT HEPATOCYTES

K. Brouwer, P. Annaert, 2005, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 Is Primarily Responsible for the Biliary Excretion of Fexofenadine in Mice

Thomas J. Raub, K. Brouwer, K. Nezasa, 2007, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Intestinal P‐gp and Putative Hepatic OATP1B Induction: International Transporter Consortium Perspective on Drug Development Implications

Y. Sugiyama, K. Brouwer, X. Chu, 2020, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Biotransformation and transport of the tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in bile duct-cannulated wild-type and Mrp2/Abcc2-deficient (TR ) Wistar rats.

K. Brouwer, E. Leslie, K. Nezasa, 2007, Carcinogenesis.

Differential disposition of chenodeoxycholic acid versus taurocholic acid in response to acute troglitazone exposure in rat hepatocytes.

K. Brouwer, W. Yue, R. S. St. Claire, 2011, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

Plasma Bile Acid Concentrations in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Receiving Protease Inhibitor Therapy: Possible Implications for Hepatotoxicity

K. Brouwer, A. Kashuba, H. Tien, 2010, Pharmacotherapy.

Ritonavir, Saquinavir, and Efavirenz, but Not Nevirapine, Inhibit Bile Acid Transport in Human and Rat Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, R. Kim, B. Leake, 2006, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Xenobiotics inhibit hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of taurocholate in rat hepatocytes.

K. Brouwer, D. C. Kemp, M. Zamek-Gliszczynski, 2004, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

Viability assessment in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes after xenobiotic exposure.

K. Brouwer, D. C. Kemp, 2004, Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA.

CHARACTERIZATION OF TRANSPORT PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN (MRP) 2-DEFICIENT RATS

Peijin Zhang, K. Brouwer, J. Schuetz, 2006, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Identification of Key Amino Acids that Impact Organic Solute Transporter Alpha/Beta (OSTα/β)

K. Brouwer, P. Swaan, J. Beaudoin, 2021 .

Mechanisms of impaired biliary excretion of acetaminophen glucuronide after acute phenobarbital treatment or phenobarbital pretreatment.

Y. Sugiyama, K. Brouwer, P. Meier, 2002, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

Multiple carriers for uptake of [3H]estradiol-17 beta(beta-D-glucuronide) in isolated rat hepatocytes.

K. Brouwer, M. Vore, S. Durham, 1987, Molecular pharmacology.

Lipidomics profiles in hepatocytes from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients differ markedly from in vitro‐induced steatotic hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, D. Creek, K. Brouwer, 2022, FEBS letters.

Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model of CW002, an Investigational Intermediate Neuromuscular Blocking Agent, in Healthy Volunteers

K. Brouwer, C. Lien, P. Heerdt, 2018, Anesthesiology.

Effect of GF120918, a Potent P-glycoprotein Inhibitor, on Morphine Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in the Rat

K. Brouwer, G. M. Pollack, K. Brouwer, 1998, Pharmaceutical Research.

DMD057554 1567..1574

K. Brouwer, Arlene S. Bridges, B. Ferslew, 2014 .

Roles of P-Glycoprotein, Bcrp, and Mrp2 in Biliary Excretion of Spiramycin in Mice

Thomas J. Raub, Peijin Zhang, K. Brouwer, 2007, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

Role of Glycosylation in Trafficking of Mrp2 in Sandwich-Cultured Rat Hepatocytes

Peijin Zhang, K. Brouwer, Xianbin Tian, 2005, Molecular Pharmacology.

Cyclophosphamide and 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide pharmacokinetics in patients with glomerulonephritis secondary to lupus and small vessel vasculitis.

K. Brouwer, J. Goldstein, R. Frye, 2012, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

Intravenous epoprostenol sodium does not increase hepatic microsomal enzyme activity in rats.

K. Brouwer, V. Schmith, L. D. Carlton, 1995, Prostaglandins.

Special Section on Transporters in Toxicity and Disease Risk Factors for Development of Cholestatic Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Inhibition of Hepatic Basolateral Bile Acid Transporters Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins 3 and 4

K. Brouwer, P. Swaan, T. Urban, 2014 .

Sulindac and Its Metabolites Inhibit Multiple Transport Proteins in Rat and Human Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, M. Paine, Jin Kyung Lee, 2010, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Sex-Dependent Disposition of Acetaminophen Sulfate and Glucuronide in the in Situ Perfused Mouse Liver

Thomas J. Raub, K. Brouwer, K. Abe, 2009, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

P-glycoprotein Expression, Localization, and Function in Sandwich-Cultured Primary Rat and Human Hepatocytes: Relevance to the

K. Brouwer, K. Hoffmaster, R. Kim, 2004 .

Effect of Albumin on the Biliary Clearance of Compounds in Sandwich-Cultured Rat Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, K. K. Wolf, 2008, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Application of a Mechanistic Model to Evaluate Putative Mechanisms of Tolvaptan Drug-Induced Liver Injury and Identify Patient Susceptibility Factors

P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, S. Shoaf, 2016, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

Partial Maintenance of Taurocholate Uptake by Adult Rat Hepatocytes Cultured in a Collagen Sandwich Configuration

K. Brouwer, K. Audus, P. Meier, 1998, Pharmaceutical Research.

Altered Bile Acid Metabolome in Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

K. Brouwer, G. Xie, W. Jia, 2015, Digestive Diseases and Sciences.

Effects of phenobarbital and SKF-525A on in vitro hepatic metabolism of verapamil and nifedipine.

K. Brouwer, R. Blouin, M. Vore, 1985, Pharmacology.

Effect of dexamethasone treatment on the expression and function of transport proteins in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes.

K. Brouwer, P. Meier, R. Turncliff, 2004, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

Tyrosine and aurora kinase inhibitors diminish transport function of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) 4 and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)

K. Brouwer, R. Hardwick, Yang Lu, 2016 .

ALTERED HEPATOBILIARY DISPOSITION OF 5 (AND 6)-CARBOXY-2 (cid:1) ,7 (cid:1) DICHLOROFLUORESCEIN IN Abcg2 (Bcrp1) AND Abcc2 (Mrp2) KNOCKOUT MICE

Thomas J. Raub, K. Brouwer, K. Nezasa, 2006 .

Evidence for reversible sequestration of morphine in rat liver.

K. Brouwer, C. Matheny, D. Taft, 1996, Biochemical pharmacology.

DMD056945 1964..1970

K. Brouwer, W. Yue, J. Powell, 2014 .

Key Role for the 12-Hydroxy Group in the Negative Ion Fragmentation of Unconjugated C24 Bile Acids.

K. Brouwer, Wei Jia, G. Xie, 2016, Analytical chemistry.

Sorafenib Hepatobiliary Disposition: Mechanisms of Hepatic Uptake and Disposition of Generated Metabolites

K. Brouwer, M. Radtke, D. Thakker, 2013, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Effect of multidrug resistance modulators on the hepatobiliary disposition of doxorubicin in the isolated perfused rat liver.

K. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, 1998, Cancer research.

Clinical Relevance of Hepatic and Renal P‐gp/BCRP Inhibition of Drugs: An International Transporter Consortium Perspective

Y. Sugiyama, K. Brouwer, X. Chu, 2022, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Hepatic Distribution and Clearance of Antisense Oligonucleotides in the Isolated Perfused Rat Liver

K. Brouwer, E. Wickstrom, R. Juliano, 1997, Pharmaceutical Research.

Biliary Excretion Index Below Limit of Quantitation BSEP Bile Salt Export Pump CDCA Chenodeoxycholic Acid GCA Glycocholic Acid GCDCA Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid

P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, Latoya Griffin, 2012 .

Novel In Vitro Method Reveals Drugs that Inhibit Solute Transporter Alpha/Beta (OST α / β )

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, Noora Sjöstedt, 2019 .

Regulation of Drug Transport Proteins—From Mechanisms to Clinical Impact: A White Paper on Behalf of the International Transporter Consortium

K. Brouwer, R. Evers, Shuiying Hu, 2022, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Quantitative and Systems Pharmacology in the Post-genomic Era : New Approaches to Discovering Drugs and Understanding Therapeutic

Ravi Iyengar, Darrell R. Abernethy, Paolo Vicini, 2011 .

Amikacin pharmacokinetics in morbidly obese patients undergoing gastric-bypass surgery.

K. Brouwer, R. Blouin, K. Record, 1985, Clinical pharmacy.

Role of Organic Solute Transporter Alpha/Beta in Hepatotoxic Bile Acid Transport and Drug Interactions.

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, Noora Sjöstedt, 2020, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

A novel differentiated HuH-7 cell model to examine bile acid metabolism, transport and cholestatic hepatotoxicity

K. Brouwer, P. Honkakoski, J. K. Fallon, 2022, Scientific Reports.

Maternal-fetal pharmacokinetics of methanol.

K. Brouwer, G. Pollack, 1996, Research report.

P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, K. Boggess, 2020, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Probe Cocktail to Assess Transporter Function in Sandwich-Cultured Human Hepatocytes.

K. Brouwer, P. Stewart, K. Brouwer, 2019, Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques.

Hepatic Metabolism and Biliary Excretion of Silymarin Flavonolignans in Isolated Perfused Rat Livers: Role of Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 (Abcc2)

K. Brouwer, Jin Kyung Lee, Philip C. Smith, 2008, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

In Vitro Biliary Clearance of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers and HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Sandwich-Cultured Rat Hepatocytes: Comparison to In Vivo Biliary Clearance

K. Brouwer, K. Abe, Arlene S. Bridges, 2008 .

Contribution of Morphine‐6‐Glucuronide to Antinociception following Intravenous Administration of Morphine to Healthy Volunteers

K. Brouwer, B. Murthy, G. Pollack, 2002, Journal of clinical pharmacology.

Novel Mechanisms of Valproate Hepatotoxicity: Impaired Mrp2 Trafficking and Hepatocyte Depolarization.

P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, Dong Fu, 2019, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

Lack of effect of ondansetron on the pharmacokinetics and analgesic effects of morphine and metabolites after single-dose morphine administration in healthy volunteers.

W. Maixner, K. Brouwer, A. Passannante, 2001, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

Influence of seeding density and extracellular matrix on bile Acid transport and mrp4 expression in sandwich-cultured mouse hepatocytes.

K. Brouwer, B. Swift, 2010, Molecular pharmaceutics.

Age-Dependent Intestinal Absorption of Valproic Acid in the Rat

K. Brouwer, G. Pollack, Allen Cato III, 1995, Pharmaceutical Research.

DMD052134 1949..1956

K. Brouwer, Grace Zhixia Yan, N. Pfeifer, 2013 .

Probenecid-associated alterations in valproate glucuronide hepatobiliary disposition: mechanistic assessment using mathematical modeling.

K. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, G. Pollack, 2001, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

Cytokine Regulation of P-Glycoprotein

K. Brouwer, A. Kashuba, M. McRae, 2003, Drug metabolism reviews.

Developing evidence-based resources for evaluating postgraduate trainees in the biomedical sciences

Jacqueline E. McLaughlin, P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, 2022, PloS one.

Intestinal permeability and oral absorption of selected drugs are reduced in a mouse model of familial Alzheimer's disease.

K. Brouwer, J. Nicolazzo, Yijun Pan, 2020, Molecular pharmaceutics.

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Fluconazole in Young Infants Supported With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

K. Brouwer, P. Smith, D. Benjamin, 2012, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Micafungin in Infants Supported With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

K. Brouwer, D. Benjamin, M. Cohen-Wolkowiez, 2016, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.

Fluconazole Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosing for Prevention and Treatment of Invasive Candidiasis in Children Supported with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

K. Brouwer, J. Barrett, D. Benjamin, 2015, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Implications of P‐glycoprotein Modulation

K. Brouwer, G. M. Pollack, K R Brouwer, 2001, Pharmacotherapy.

In Vivo Alterations in Drug Metabolism and Transport Pathways in Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases

K. Brouwer, T. Nolin, R. Frye, 2014, Pharmacotherapy.

Toxicokinetics of Intravenous Methanol in the Female Rat

K. Brouwer, J. Kawagoe, G. Pollack, 1993 .

Development of a Population Pharmacokinetic Model To Describe Azithromycin Whole-Blood and Plasma Concentrations over Time in Healthy Subjects

K. Brouwer, J. Padovan, Peiying Zuo, 2013, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

Effect of culture conditions on the expression and function of Bsep, Mrp2, and Mdr1a/b in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes.

K. Brouwer, Xianbin Tian, R. Turncliff, 2006, Biochemical pharmacology.

Mechanism‐Based Experimental Models for the Evaluation of BSEP Inhibition and DILI

K. Brouwer, P. Honkakoski, Chitra Saran, 2021, Transporters and Drug‐Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity.

Exploring BSEP inhibition-mediated toxicity with a mechanistic model of drug-induced liver injury

Hugh A. Barton, Brett A. Howell, Scott Q. Siler, 2014, Front. Pharmacol..

Mechanistic Modeling Reveals the Critical Knowledge Gaps in Bile Acid–Mediated DILI

P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, S. Siler, 2014, CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology.

An updated review on drug-induced cholestasis: mechanisms and investigation of physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic parameters.

A. Tropsha, Alexander Sedykh, K. Brouwer, 2013, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Knocking Down Transport: Applications of RNA Interference in The Study of Drug Transport Proteins

Peijin Zhang, K. Brouwer, Xianbin Tian, 2005, Drug metabolism reviews.

Radiolabeling of Methylphosphonate and Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides and Evaluation of Their Transport in Everted Rat Jejunum Sacs

K. Brouwer, E. Wickstrom, J. Hughes, 1995, Pharmaceutical Research.

Sandwich-cultured hepatocytes: an in vitro model to evaluate hepatobiliary transporter-based drug interactions and hepatotoxicity

K. Brouwer, B. Swift, Brandon Swift*, 2010, Drug metabolism reviews.

Influence of drug transport proteins on the pharmacokinetics and drug interactions of HIV protease inhibitors.

Kim L R Brouwer, K. Brouwer, P. Annaert, 2011, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Effect of Liver Disease on Hepatic Transporter Expression and Function.

K. Brouwer, N. Thakkar, Jason R. Slizgi, 2017, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Azithromycin in Whole Blood, Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells, and Polymorphonuclear Cells in Healthy Adults

K. Brouwer, T. P. Dumitrescu, M. Sampson, 2014, CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology.

Effect of DPC 333 [(2R)-2-{(3R)-3-Amino-3-[4-(2-methylquinolin-4-ylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl}-N-hydroxy-4-methylpentanamide], a Human Tumor Necrosis Factor α-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, on the Disposition of Methotrexate: A Transporter-Based Drug-Drug Interaction Case Study

K. Brouwer, T. Maduskuie, C. Garner, 2007, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

EFFECT OF DPC 333, A HUMAN TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR α CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITOR, ON THE DISPOSITION OF METHOTREXATE: A TRANSPORTER BASED DRUG-DRUG INTERACTION CASE STUDY

K. Brouwer, T. Maduskuie, C. Garner, 2007 .

K. Brouwer, P. Slattum, A. Cato, 1996, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Methods to evaluate biliary excretion of drugs in humans: an updated review.

Kim L R Brouwer, K. Brouwer, Giulia Ghibellini, 2006, Molecular pharmaceutics.

Altered Expression of Small Intestinal Drug Transporters and Hepatic Metabolic Enzymes in a Mouse Model of Familial Alzheimer's Disease.

K. Brouwer, T. Terasaki, J. Nicolazzo, 2018, Molecular pharmaceutics.

Analytical and Omics-based Advances in the Study of Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

K. Brouwer, D. Creek, Thomas Kralj, 2021, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

The Important Role of Bcrp (Abcg2) in the Biliary Excretion of Sulfate and Glucuronide Metabolites of Acetaminophen, 4-Methylumbelliferone, and Harmol in Mice

Kim L R Brouwer, Thomas J. Raub, K. Brouwer, 2006, Molecular Pharmacology.

Phenobarbital in the genetically obese Zucker rat. II. In vivo and in vitro assessments of microsomal enzyme induction.

P. McNamara, K. Brouwer, R. Blouin, 1984, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

The Complexities of Hepatic Drug Transport: Current Knowledge and Emerging Concepts

Kim L. R. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, Priyamvada Chandra, 2004, Pharmaceutical Research.

Absolute Bioavailability of Phenytoin After 3‐Phosphoryloxymethyl Phenytoin Disodium (ACC‐9653)Administration to Humans

B. Jamerson, K. Brouwer, J. Powell, 1990, Epilepsia.

P-glycoprotein Expression, Localization, and Function in Sandwich-Cultured Primary Rat and Human Hepatocytes: Relevance to the Hepatobiliary Disposition of a Model Opioid Peptide

K. Brouwer, K. Hoffmaster, P. Meier, 2004, Pharmaceutical Research.

Effect of Ritonavir on 99mTechnetium–Mebrofenin Disposition in Humans: A Semi-PBPK Modeling and In Vitro Approach to Predict Transporter-Mediated DDIs

S. L. Goss, W. Heizer, K. Brouwer, 2013, CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology.

Evaluation of 99m Technetium-Mebrofenin and 99m Technetium-Sestamibi as Specific Probes for Hepatic Transport Protein Function in Rat and Human Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, B. Swift, Wei Yue, 2011 .

Evaluation of 99mTechnetium-Mebrofenin and 99mTechnetium-Sestamibi as Specific Probes for Hepatic Transport Protein Function in Rat and Human Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, W. Yue, B. Swift, 2010, Pharmaceutical Research.

A multi-center preclinical study of gadoxetate DCE-MRI in rats as a biomarker of drug induced inhibition of liver transporter function

Xi Yang, Paul D Hockings, Serguei Liachenko, 2018, PloS one.

Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCT1/mOct1) Is Localized in the Apical Membrane of Caco-2 Cell Monolayers and Enterocytes

K. Brouwer, D. Thakker, Chester Costales, 2013, Molecular Pharmacology.

Altered Hepatobiliary Disposition of Tolvaptan and Selected Tolvaptan Metabolites in a Rodent Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, W. J. Brock, 2018, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Role of hepatic efflux transporters in regulating systemic and hepatocyte exposure to xenobiotics.

K. Brouwer, R. Hardwick, Rhiannon N Hardwick, 2014, Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology.

Effect of hypoxia and pregnancy on antipyrine metabolism in isolated perfused rat livers.

K. Brouwer, M. Vore, 1985, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

lE [ Statement Synopsis of Report Number 74 Methanol Distribution in NonPregnant and Pregnant Rodents

K. Brouwer, 2012 .

Disease‐Associated Changes in Drug Transporters May Impact the Pharmacokinetics and/or Toxicity of Drugs: A White Paper From the International Transporter Consortium

K. Brouwer, R. Evers, J. Polli, 2018, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Novel Bile Acid-Dependent Mechanisms of Hepatotoxicity Associated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

K. Brouwer, P. Honkakoski, Jonna Niskanen, 2021, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Toward Predicting Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Parallel Computational Approaches to Identify Multidrug Resistance Protein 4 and Bile Salt Export Pump Inhibitors

Peter W Swaan, Kim L R Brouwer, K. Brouwer, 2015, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Use of cassette dosing in sandwich-cultured rat and human hepatocytes to identify drugs that inhibit bile acid transport.

K. Brouwer, J. Polli, Sapana Vora, 2010, Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA.

JPET #102616 HEPATOBILIARY DISPOSITION OF A DRUG/METABOLITE PAIR: COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACOKINETIC MODELING IN SANDWICH- CULTURED RAT HEPATOCYTES

K. Brouwer, K. Hoffmaster, J. C. Kalvass, 2006 .

Effect of phenobarbital andp-hydroxyphenobarbital glucuronide on acetaminophen metabolites in isolated rat hepatocytes: Use of a kinetic model to examine the rates of formation and egress

K. Brouwer, S. Studenberg, 1993, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

Precision Dosing: Public Health Need, Proposed Framework, and Anticipated Impact

T. Wiltshire, K. Brouwer, J. Powell, 2017, Clinical and translational science.

Interaction of Silymarin Flavonolignans with Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptides

K. Brouwer, Ying Xie, N. Oberlies, 2013, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Hepatic Metabolism and Biliary Excretion of Silymarin Flavonolignans in Isolated Perfused Rat Livers: Role of Mrp2 (Abcc2)

Roy, K. Brouwer, Jin Kyung Lee, 2008 .

Phenobarbital alters hepatic Mrp2 function by direct and indirect interactions.

Peijin Zhang, K. Brouwer, P. Meier, 2003, Molecular pharmacology.

Differential Involvement of Mrp2 (Abcc2) and Bcrp (Abcg2) in Biliary Excretion of 4-Methylumbelliferyl Glucuronide and Sulfate in the Rat

Kim L. R. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, K. Hoffmaster, 2006, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

MODULATION OF HEPATIC CANALICULAR OR BASOLATERAL TRANSPORT PROTEINS ALTERS HEPATOBILIARY DISPOSITION OF A MODEL ORGANIC ANION IN THE ISOLATED PERFUSED RAT LIVER

Peijin Zhang, K. Brouwer, B. Johnson, 2005, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Phenobarbital in the genetically obese Zucker rat. I. Pharmacokinetics after acute and chronic administration.

P. McNamara, K. Brouwer, R. Blouin, 1984, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

Altered Expression and Function of Hepatic Transporters in a Rodent Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, W. J. Brock, 2019, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Hepatic Basolateral Efflux Contributes Significantly to Rosuvastatin Disposition II: Characterization of Hepatic Elimination by Basolateral, Biliary, and Metabolic Clearance Pathways in Rat Isolated Perfused Liver

K. Brouwer, R. Hardwick, Arlene S. Bridges, 2013, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Impact of Basolateral Mrp3 (Abcc3) and Mrp4 (Abcc4) on the Hepatobiliary Disposition of Fexofenadine in Perfused Mouse Livers

K. Brouwer, M. Belinsky, B. Swift, 2009 .

Knocking down breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp) by adenoviral vector-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes: a novel tool to assess the contribution of Bcrp to drug biliary excretion.

K. Brouwer, W. Yue, K. Abe, 2009, Molecular pharmaceutics.

Use of Tc-99m Mebrofenin as a Clinical Probe to Assess Altered Hepatobiliary Transport: Integration of In Vitro, Pharmacokinetic Modeling, and Simulation Studies

K. Brouwer, E. Leslie, G. Ghibellini, 2008, Pharmaceutical Research.

Relationship between Drug/Metabolite Exposure and Impairment of Excretory Transport Function

K. Brouwer, J. C. Kalvass, M. Zamek-Gliszczynski, 2009, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Hepatic Basolateral Efflux Contributes Significantly to Rosuvastatin Disposition I: Characterization of Basolateral Versus Biliary Clearance Using a Novel Protocol in Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes

Nathan D. Pfeifer, Kim L. R. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, 2013, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Microsoft Word-28207980-file00.docx

K. Brouwer, Kyunghee Yang, N. Pfeifer, 2013 .

Physiologic and metabolic influences on enterohepatic recirculation: Simulations based upon the disposition of valproic acid in the rat

Gary M. Pollack, Kim L. R. Brouwer, K. Brouwer, 1991, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

Thermal Injury Decreases Hepatic Blood Flow and the Intrinsic Clearance of Indocyanine Green in the Rat

K. Brouwer, G. Pollack, 2004, Pharmaceutical Research.

Relative bioavailability of tolvaptan administered via nasogastric tube and tolvaptan tablets swallowed intact.

K. Brouwer, K. Adams, Elizabeth Mcneely, 2013, American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.

A Semiphysiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach to Predict the Dose-Exposure Relationship of an Antiparasitic Prodrug/Active Metabolite Pair

Harvey J. Clewell, Miyoung Yoon, Kim L. R. Brouwer, 2012, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Mechanisms Underlying Differences in Systemic Exposure of Structurally Similar Active Metabolites: Comparison of Two Preclinical Hepatic Models

K. Brouwer, J. Hall, M. Paine, 2011, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Effect of a Common Genetic Variant (p.V444A) in the Bile Salt Export Pump on the Inhibition of Bile Acid Transport by Cholestatic Medications.

K. Brouwer, B. Stieger, I. Ali, 2019, Molecular pharmaceutics.

Quantitative Analysis of Intracellular Drug Concentrations in Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, Chitra Saran, 2021 .

Continuum of Host-Gut Microbial Co-metabolism: Host CYP3A4/3A7 are Responsible for Tertiary Oxidations of Deoxycholate Species

K. Brouwer, Wei Jia, M. Su, 2019, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Differential Inhibition of Rat and Human Na+-Dependent Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide (NTCP/SLC10A1)by Bosentan: A Mechanism for Species Differences in Hepatotoxicity

Paul B Watkins, Kim L R Brouwer, P. Watkins, 2007, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Regional Gastrointestinal Absorption of Ranitidine in the Rat

K. Brouwer, B. Suttle, 1995, Pharmaceutical Research.

Impact of reduced P‐glycoprotein function on digoxin concentrations in patients with dementia

K. Brouwer, J. Nicolazzo, I. Ali, 2019, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

Optimization of Canalicular ABC Transporter Function in HuH-7 Cells by Modification of Culture Conditions

K. Brouwer, P. Honkakoski, Melina M. Malinen, 2019, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Determination of hepatic blood flow in the rat using sequential infusions of indocyanine green or galactose.

K. Brouwer, K. Demby, J. A. Jones, 1990, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

Use of the InteliSite® Capsule to Study Ranitidine Absorption from Various Sites Within the Human Intestinal Tract

Alan F. Parr, William D. Heizer, Kim L. R. Brouwer, 1998, Pharmaceutical Research.

Identification of Key Amino Acids that Impact Organic Solute Transporter α/β (OSTα/β)

K. Brouwer, P. Swaan, J. Beaudoin, 2021, Molecular Pharmacology.

Secretory Transport of Ranitidine and Famotidine across Caco-2 Cell Monolayers

K. Brouwer, D. Thakker, Kiho Lee, 2002, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

In vitro to in vivo extrapolation for high throughput prioritization and decision making.

Alicia Paini, Annie Lumen, Judy Strickland, 2018, Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA.

Venous Irritation Related to Intravenous Administration of Phenytoin versus Fosphenytoin

B. Jamerson, K. Brouwer, J. Powell, 1994, Pharmacotherapy.

Physiologic pharmacokinetic modeling of gastrointestinal blood flow as a rate-limiting step in the oral absorption of digoxin: implications for patients with congestive heart failure receiving epoprostenol.

K. Brouwer, L. D. Carlton, G. Pollack, 1996, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Can they imagine the future? A qualitative study exploring the skills employers seek in pharmaceutical sciences doctoral graduates

Jacqueline E. McLaughlin, K. Brouwer, Wendy C. Cox, 2019, PloS one.

Determination of Intracellular Unbound Concentrations and Subcellular Localization of Drugs in Rat Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes Compared with Liver Tissue

K. Brouwer, Grace Zhixia Yan, N. Pfeifer, 2013, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between Diazepam and ACC-9653 (a Phenytoin Prodrug) in Healthy Male Volunteers

Thomas F. Krol, K. Brouwer, J. Messenheimer, 1990, Pharmaceutical Research.

Novel insights into the organic solute transporter alpha/beta, OSTα/β: From the bench to the bedside.

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, Melina M. Malinen, 2020, Pharmacology & therapeutics.

Determination of the biliary excretion of piperacillin in humans using a novel method.

W. Heizer, K. Brouwer, G. Ghibellini, 2006, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

Comparison of the acute pharmacodynamic responses after single doses of ephedrine or sibutramine in healthy, overweight volunteers.

K. Brouwer, A. Persky, M. Paulik, 2004, International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Effect of mTOR inhibitors on sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) function in vitro

K. Brouwer, P. Honkakoski, Chitra Saran, 2023, Frontiers in Pharmacology.

Localization of P-gp (Abcb1) and Mrp2 (Abcc2) in Freshly Isolated Rat Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, David S. Miller, D. Bow, 2008, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Modelling the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine.

Adam M Persky, Kim L R Brouwer, Gary M Pollack, 2004, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

Toxicokinetics of intravenous methanol in the female rat.

K. Brouwer, J. Kawagoe, G. Pollack, 1993, Fundamental and Applied Toxicology.

Analysis of human C24 bile acids metabolome in serum and urine based on enzyme digestion of conjugated bile acids and LC-MS determination of unconjugated bile acids

K. Brouwer, Wei Jia, G. Xie, 2018, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

Organic solute transporter OSTα/β is overexpressed in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and modulated by drugs associated with liver injury.

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, Melina M. Malinen, 2018, American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology.

Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Can Reduce the Hepatotoxicity of Therapeutic Cargo.

K. Brouwer, Liantao Li, Feifei Yang, 2020, Small.

Physiologically‐Based Pharmacokinetic Model of Morphine and Morphine‐3‐Glucuronide in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

K. Brouwer, S. Neuhoff, Noora Sjöstedt, 2020, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Comparison of Zafirlukast (Accolate®) Absorption After Oral and Colonic Administration in Humans

C. B. Burns, W. Heizer, K. Brouwer, 2004, Pharmaceutical Research.

A novel method for the determination of biliary clearance in humans

W. Heizer, K. Brouwer, B. Johnson, 2004, The AAPS Journal.

Optimization of culture conditions for determining hepatobiliary disposition of taurocholate in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, E. LeCluyse, Priyamvada Chandra, 2001, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal.

E-Cigarette Flavoring Chemicals Induce Cytotoxicity in HepG2 Cells

K. Brouwer, I. Jaspers, Brittany P. Rickard, 2021, ACS omega.

Use of sandwich-cultured hepatocytes to evaluate impaired bile acid transport as a mechanism of drug-induced hepatotoxicity.

K. Brouwer, E. Leslie, Tracy L. Marion, 2007, Molecular pharmaceutics.

Use of Sandwich-Cultured Human Hepatocytes to Predict Biliary Clearance of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers and HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

Kim L R Brouwer, K. Brouwer, K. Abe, 2009, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Considerations for Physiologically Based Modeling in Liver Disease: From Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL) to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, S. Siler, 2022, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Quantitative Systems Toxicology Modeling Predicts that Reduced Biliary Efflux Contributes to Tolvaptan Hepatotoxicity

P. Watkins, K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, 2020, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Species Differences in Hepatobiliary Disposition of Taurocholic Acid in Human and Rat Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes: Implications for Drug-Induced Liver Injury

K. Brouwer, Kyunghee Yang, K. Köck, 2015, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Hepatic Transporter Alterations by Nuclear Receptor Agonist T0901317 in Sandwich-Cultured Human Hepatocytes: Proteomic Analysis and PBPK Modeling to Evaluate Drug-Drug Interaction Risk

K. Brouwer, Noora Sjöstedt, Melina M. Malinen, 2020, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Hepatobiliary Disposition of the Metabolically Stable Opioid Peptide [d-Pen2, d-Pen5]-Enkephalin (DPDPE): Pharmacokinetic Consequences of the Interplay between Multiple Transport Systems

K. Brouwer, K. Hoffmaster, M. Zamek-Gliszczynski, 2004, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Decreased Hepatic Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Expression and Function in Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2-Deficient (TR−) Rats

Y. Sugiyama, K. Brouwer, W. Yue, 2011, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

New Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Imaging Substrates Quantified from Rat Liver Compartments

K. Brouwer, C. Pastor, 2021, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Altered hepatobiliary disposition of acetaminophen glucuronide in isolated perfused livers from multidrug resistance-associated protein 2-deficient TR(-) rats.

K. Brouwer, P. Jansen, K. Brouwer, 2000, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

Application of Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Characterize Hepatobiliary Disposition of Imaging Agents and Alterations due to Liver Injury in Isolated Perfused Rat Livers.

K. Brouwer, C. Pastor, Angela Jeong, 2023, Pharmaceutical research.

Gastrointestinal Transit and Distribution of Ranitidine in the Rat

K. Brouwer, A. Suttle, 1995, Pharmaceutical Research.

In Vitro Methods to Support Transporter Evaluation in Drug Discovery and Development

K. Brouwer, R. Evers, K. Hoffmaster, 2013, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Bile flow but not enterohepatic recirculation influences the pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in the rat.

K. Brouwer, A. Suttle, K L Brouwer, 1994, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

A Perspective on Efflux Transport Proteins in the Liver

K. Brouwer, K. Köck, K. R. Brouwer, 2012, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Intracellular Drug Concentrations and Transporters: Measurement, Modeling, and Implications for the Liver

Y. Sugiyama, K. Brouwer, X. Chu, 2013, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Liver and Biliary Tract Physiology/Pathophysiology Organic solute transporter OST (cid:2) / (cid:3) is overexpressed in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and modulated by drugs associated with liver injury

K. Brouwer, J. Beaudoin, I. Ali, 2018 .

Increased Expression of Renal Drug Transporters in a Mouse Model of Familial Alzheimer's Disease.

K. Brouwer, T. Terasaki, J. Nicolazzo, 2019, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Novel Mechanism of Impaired Function of Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide 1B3 in Human Hepatocytes: Post-Translational Regulation of OATP1B3 by Protein Kinase C Activation

K. Brouwer, W. Yue, J. Powell, 2014, Drug Metabolism and Disposition.

Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCT1/mOct1) Is Localized in the Apical Membrane of Caco-2 Cell Monolayers and Enterocytes

K. Brouwer, D. Thakker, Chester Costales, 2013, Molecular Pharmacology.

Modulation of trabectedin (ET-743) hepatobiliary disposition by multidrug resistance-associated proteins (Mrps) may prevent hepatotoxicity.

K. Brouwer, E. Leslie, Jin Kyung Lee, 2008, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

Influence of drug transport proteins on the pharmacokinetics and drug interactions of HIV protease inhibitors.

K. Brouwer, P. Annaert, Latoya Griffin, 2011, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Sulindac and Its Metabolites Inhibit Multiple Transport Proteins in Rat and Human Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, M. Paine, Jin Kyung Lee, 2010, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Short-term regulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 in rat and human hepatocytes.

Peijin Zhang, K. Brouwer, Priyamvada Chandra, 2005, American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology.

Medication use and medical comorbidity in patients with chronic hepatitis C from a US commercial claims database: high utilization of drugs with interaction potential

K. Brouwer, J. Farley, M. Fried, 2014, European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology.

K. Brouwer, W. Yue, P. Stewart, 2014, Molecular pharmaceutics.

Perspectives on a pharmacokinetics legend: C versus T (contributions over time).

K. Brouwer, T. Terasaki, E. Nakashima, 2013, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

Localization of Pgp ( Abcb 1 ) and Mrp 2 ( Abcc 2 ) in Freshly Isolated Rat Hepatocytes

K. Brouwer, David S. Miller, J. B. Pritchard, 2007 .

K. Brouwer, K. Abe, Jin Kyung Lee, 2010, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

High‐Performance Liquid Chromatographic Evaluation of the Effect of Heat Treatment on Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole Stability in Serum

K. Brouwer, K H Moore, K L Brouwer, 1995, Therapeutic drug monitoring.

Correlation of Delayed Peak Concentration with Infusion-Site Irritation following Diazepam Administration