M. Baseler

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Short-cycle structured intermittent treatment of chronic HIV infection with highly active antiretroviral therapy: Effects on virologic, immunologic, and toxicity parameters

K. Hertogs, B. Larder, M. Dybul, 2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

HIV-1 and T cell dynamics after interruption of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with a history of sustained viral suppression.

R. Lempicki, D. Dimitrov, T. Chun, 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

The DAVID Gene Functional Classification Tool: a novel biological module-centric algorithm to functionally analyze large gene lists

Brad T. Sherman, Robert M. Stephens, Jean A. Roayaei, 2007, Genome Biology.

Increased peripheral expansion of naive CD4+ T cells in vivo after IL-2 treatment of patients with HIV infection

R. Lempicki, J. Metcalf, M. Baseler, 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

The reservoir for HIV-1 in human peripheral blood is a T cell that maintains expression of CD4.

C H Fox, C. Fox, M. Baseler, 1989, Science.

Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy.

M A Nowak, A L Lloyd, M. Nowak, 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Detection of KIR3DS1 on the Cell Surface of Peripheral Blood NK Cells Facilitates Identification of a Novel Null Allele and Assessment of KIR3DS1 Expression during HIV-1 Infection12

M. Altfeld, M. Carrington, J. Metcalf, 2007, The Journal of Immunology.

Idiopathic CD4 (cid:1) lymphocytopenia: natural history and prognostic factors

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 2008 .

Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia: natural history and prognostic factors.

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 2008, Blood.

Evaluation of the effect of pyrimethamine, an anti-malarial drug, on HIV-1 replication.

M. Baseler, J. Adelsberger, T. Imamichi, 2010, Virus research.

CD8+ T lymphocytes of patients with AIDS maintain normal broad cytolytic function despite the loss of human immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxicity.

B. Moss, M. Baseler, A. Fauci, 1990, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Human immunodeficiency virus infection of the human thymus and disruption of the thymic microenvironment in the SCID-hu mouse

C. Fox, J. Justement, M. Baseler, 1993, The Journal of experimental medicine.

1044 CD4 RECEPTORS IN INFECTION OF MONOCYTES BY HIV hanced by low

M. Baseler, S. Broder, C. Perno, 2003 .

HIV infection suppresses type 1 lymphokine and IL-12 responses to Toxoplasma gondii but fails to inhibit the synthesis of other parasite-induced monokines.

A. Sher, M. Baseler, L. Wahl, 1995, Journal of immunology.

Induction of humoral and cell-mediated anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) responses in HIV sero-negative volunteers by immunization with recombinant gp160.

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 1993, The Journal of clinical investigation.

Interleukin-2 Inhibits HIV-1 Replication in Some Human T Cell Lymphotrophic Virus-1-infected Cell Lines via the Induction and Incorporation of APOBEC3G into the Virion*

D. Huang, R. Lempicki, Jun Yang, 2013, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

Lack of Clinical Utility of Cytomegalovirus Blood and Urine Cultures in Patients with HIV Infection

D. O'neill, M. Baseler, M. Polis, 1993, Annals of Internal Medicine.

Interferon-α in patients with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 1990 .

Infection of CD8+ T lymphocytes with HIV. Requirement for interaction with infected CD4+ cells and induction of infectious virus from chronically infected CD8+ cells.

M. Baseler, A. Fauci, G. Pantaleo, 1991, Journal of immunology.

New approaches for monitoring CTL activity in clinical trials.

M. Baseler, A. Malyguine, K. Shafer-Weaver, 2007, Advances in experimental medicine and biology.

The Granzyme B ELISPOT assay: an alternative to the 51Cr-release assay for monitoring cell-mediated cytotoxicity

M. Baseler, T. Sayers, A. Malyguine, 2003, Journal of Translational Medicine.

Application of a Flow Cytometric Cytotoxicity Assay for Monitoring Cancer Vaccine Trials

M. Baseler, Melissa Gregory, A. Malyguine, 2009, Journal of immunotherapy.

Human‐mouse lymphoid chimeras: host‐vs.‐graft and graft‐vs.‐host reactions

D. Longo, M. Baseler, M. Anver, 1992, European journal of immunology.

Effects of Lymphocyte Isolation and Timing of Processing on Detection of CD127 Expression on T Cells in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients

J. Metcalf, M. Baseler, H. Lane, 2005, Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology.

Cutting Edge: Ku70 Is a Novel Cytosolic DNA Sensor That Induces Type III Rather Than Type I IFN

T. Veenstra, D. Huang, R. Lempicki, 2011, The Journal of Immunology.

I IFN Sensor That Induces Type III Rather Than Type Cutting Edge: Ku70 Is a Novel Cytosolic DNA

T. Veenstra, R. Lempicki, Jun Yang, 2011 .

Than Type I IFN DNA Sensor That Induces Type III Rather Cutting Edge : Ku 70 Is a Novel Cytosolic and Tomozumi Imamichi

T. Veenstra, D. Huang, R. Lempicki, 2011 .

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of mature CD3hiCD8+ thymocytes

M. Baseler, J. Adelsberger, H. Golding, 1997, Journal of virology.

Evidence for susceptibility of intrathymic T-cell precursors and their progeny carrying T-cell antigen receptor phenotypes TCR alpha beta + and TCR gamma delta + to human immunodeficiency virus infection: a mechanism for CD4+ (T4) lymphocyte depletion.

B. Haynes, J. Justement, M. Baseler, 1990, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Induction of CD4 and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in human CD8+ T lymphocytes by human herpesvirus 6

F. Lori, M. Baseler, R. Gallo, 1991, Nature.

Homeostasis, HIV, Type I IFN, and IL-7 during Chronic HIV Infection: Roles of CD4 and CD8 T Cell Immune Activation

Christopher Wilhelm, M. Proschan, M. Baseler, 2011 .

Zidovudine in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and Kaposi sarcoma. A phase II randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

S. Banks, M. Baseler, J. Kovacs, 1989, Annals of internal medicine.

Inhibition of immunoreactive tumor necrosis factor-alpha by a chimeric antibody in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

R. Davey, M. Baseler, Michael A. Polis, 1996, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Induction of prolonged survival of CD4+ T lymphocytes by intermittent IL-2 therapy in HIV-infected patients.

Douglas A. Hosack, R. Lempicki, D. Dimitrov, 2005, The Journal of clinical investigation.

Circulating IgA immune complexes in head and neck cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung cancer, and colon cancer

M. Baseler, R. Veltri, P. Maxim, 1987, Cancer.

A modified human ELISPOT assay to detect specific responses to primary tumor cell targets

M. Baseler, L. Kwak, S. Neelapu, 2004, Journal of Translational Medicine.

Pilot study of the immunologic effects of recombinant human growth hormone and recombinant insulin‐like growth factor in HIV‐infected patients

D. Longo, M. Baseler, D. Venzon, 1998, AIDS.

Evaluating the cytotoxicity of innate immune effector cells using the GrB ELISPOT assay

M. Baseler, T. Sayers, D. Kuhns, 2004, Journal of Translational Medicine.

Correlation of Human CD56+ Cell Cytotoxicity and IFN-γ Production

M. Baseler, E. Nelson, W. Kopp, 2001 .

A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of intermittent administration of interleukin-2 and prednisone in subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus.

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 2003, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Study of diverse mechanisms of cell-mediated cytotoxicity in gene-targeted mice using flow cytometric cytotoxicity assay.

M. Baseler, T. Sayers, A. Malyguine, 2002, Immunology letters.

Three-color flow cytometric assay for the study of the mechanisms of cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

M. Baseler, T. Sayers, E. Nelson, 2001, Immunology letters.

Effects of the Th1 and Th2 stimulatory cytokines interleukin-12 and interleukin-4 on human immunodeficiency virus replication.

A. Foli, M. Baseler, R. Yarchoan, 1995, Blood.

A Novel Flow Cytometric Assay for Evaluating Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity

M. Baseler, A. Malyguine, K. Shafer-Weaver, 2005, Journal of immunotherapy.

The CD8+HLA‐DR+ T cells expanded in HIV‐1 infection are qualitatively identical to those from healthy controls

R. Lempicki, H. C. Lane, M. Baseler, 2012, European journal of immunology.

Long-term effects of intermittent interleukin 2 therapy in patients with HIV infection: characterization of a novel subset of CD4(+)/CD25(+) T cells.

C. Hallahan, J. Metcalf, R. Davey, 2002, Blood.

Purification of haptoglobin and its effects on lymphocyte and alveolar macrophage responses

M. Baseler, R. Burrell, 1983, Inflammation.

Infection of monocytes by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 blocked by inhibitors of CD4-gp120 binding, even in the presence of enhancing antibodies

M. Baseler, S. Broder, C. Perno, 1990, The Journal of experimental medicine.

Effects of intermittent interleukin-2 therapy on plasma and tissue human immunodeficiency virus levels and quasi-species expression.

R. Dewar, J. Metcalf, R. Davey, 2000, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Correlation of human CD56+ cell cytotoxicity and IFN-gamma production.

M. Baseler, E. Nelson, W. Kopp, 2001, Cytokine.

Fixation and cryopreservation of whole blood and isolated mononuclear cells: Influence of different procedures on lymphocyte subset analysis by flow cytometry

I. M. Belyakov, J. Berzofsky, M. Baseler, 2005, Cytometry. Part B, Clinical cytometry.

Evidence for susceptibility of intrathymic T cell precursors to human immunodeficiency virus infection: a mechanism for T4 (CD4) lymphocyte depletion.

B. Haynes, J. Justement, M. Baseler, 1990, Transactions of the Association of American Physicians.

Plasma Interleukin-27 (IL-27) Levels Are Not Modulated in Patients with Chronic HIV-1 Infection

R. Dewar, J. Metcalf, M. Baseler, 2014, PloS one.

Combination therapy with didanosine and interferon-alpha in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: results of a phase I/II trial.

R. Dewar, J. Metcalf, R. Davey, 1996, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Differential toxicity of inhaled gram-negative bacteria

M. Baseler, R. Burrell, B. Fogelmark, 1983, Infection and immunity.

Increases in CD4 T lymphocytes with intermittent courses of interleukin-2 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. A preliminary study.

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 1995, The New England journal of medicine.

DAVID-WS: a stateful web service to facilitate gene/protein list analysis

Brad T. Sherman, Robert M. Stephens, Xiaoli Jiao, 2012, Bioinform..

IL-27, a novel anti-HIV cytokine, activates multiple interferon-inducible genes in macrophages

D. Huang, R. Lempicki, Jun Yang, 2008, AIDS.

Immune complexes, serum proteins, cell‐mediated immunity, and immune regulation in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

M. Baseler, R. Veltri, S. Rodman, 1986, Cancer.

DAVID: a web server for functional enrichment analysis and functional annotation of gene lists (2021 update)

Brad T. Sherman, B. Sherman, H. C. Lane, 2022, Nucleic Acids Res..

The human HIV/peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL)-SCID mouse. A modified human PBL-SCID model for the study of HIV pathogenesis and therapy.

R. Davey, M. Baseler, J. Adelsberger, 1995, Journal of immunology.

Controlled trial of interleukin-2 infusions in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 1996, The New England journal of medicine.

Cellular immune responses to human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 L1 in healthy volunteers immunized with recombinant HPV-16 L1 virus-like particles.

J. Berzofsky, D. Lowy, M. Baseler, 2003, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T Follicular-Like Helper Cell and Memory B Cell Responses to Human Papillomavirus Vaccines

M. Baseler, J. Adelsberger, J. Ledgerwood, 2015, PloS one.

DAVID Bioinformatics Resources: expanded annotation database and novel algorithms to better extract biology from large gene lists

David Bryant, David Liu, Yongjian Guo, 2007, Nucleic Acids Res..

Deoxycoformycin-induced immunosuppression in patients with hairy cell leukemia.

D. Longo, M. Baseler, W. Urba, 1989, Blood.

Preferential survival of CD4+ T lymphocytes engineered with anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genes in HIV-infected individuals.

H Clifford Lane, J. Metcalf, M. Baseler, 2005, Human gene therapy.

A proof-of-concept study of short-cycle intermittent antiretroviral therapy with a once-daily regimen of didanosine, lamivudine, and efavirenz for the treatment of chronic HIV infection.

Ingrid A. Beck, M. Dybul, R. Dewar, 2004, The Journal of infectious diseases.

ANTI-RETROVIRAL EFFECTS OF INTERFERON-α IN AIDS-ASSOCIATED KAPOSI'S SARCOMA

M. Baseler, A. Fauci, J. Kovacs, 1988, The Lancet.

Effects of Delays in Peripheral Blood Processing, Including Cryopreservation, on Detection of CD31 Expression on Naïve CD4 T Cells

M. Proschan, J. Metcalf, M. Baseler, 2008, Clinical and Vaccine Immunology.

Evaluation of a Single-Platform Technology for Lymphocyte Immunophenotyping

Jean A. Roayaei, J. Metcalf, M. Baseler, 2007, Clinical and Vaccine Immunology.

Preferential infection of CD4+ memory T cells by human immunodeficiency virus type 1: evidence for a role in the selective T-cell functional defects observed in infected individuals.

J. Justement, M. Baseler, A. Fauci, 1990, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Integrated proviral human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is present in CD4+ peripheral blood lymphocytes in healthy seropositive individuals

M. Baseler, A. Fauci, H. Lane, 1989, Journal of virology.

DAVID gene ID conversion tool

Robert M. Stephens, Brad T Sherman, Richard A Lempicki, 2008, Bioinformation.

A unique syndrome of immunodeficiency and autoimmunity associated with absent T cell CD2 expression

M. Baseler, J. Falloon, H. Lane, 1994, Journal of Clinical Immunology.

Peripheral expansion of pre-existing mature T cells is an important means of CD4+ T-cell regeneration HIV-infected adults

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 1998, Nature Medicine.

CD40-Mediated Induction of CD4 and CXCR4 on B Lymphocytes Correlates with Restricted Susceptibility to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection: Potential Role of B Lymphocytes as a Viral Reservoir

M. Ostrowski, T. Chun, M. Baseler, 1999, Journal of Virology.

HIV infection induces changes in CD4+ T-cell phenotype and depletions within the CD4+ T-cell repertoire that are not immediately restored by antiviral or immune-based therapies

H. Clifford Lane, Mark Connors, Julia A. Metcalf, 1997, Nature Medicine.

Long-term in vivo survival of receptor-modified syngeneic T cells in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 2000, Blood.

Three populations of cells with dendritic morphology exist in peripheral blood, only one of which is infectable with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

D. Weissman, M. Baseler, A. Fauci, 1995, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Actinomycin D Induces High-Level Resistance to Thymidine Analogs in Replication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Interfering with Host Cell Thymidine Kinase Expression

R. Lempicki, Jun Yang, M. Baseler, 2003, Journal of Virology.

Defective clonogenic potential of CD8+ T lymphocytes in patients with AIDS. Expansion in vivo of a nonclonogenic CD3+CD8+DR+CD25- T cell population.

M. Baseler, A. Fauci, H. Lane, 1990, Journal of immunology.

DAVID Knowledgebase: a gene-centered database integrating heterogeneous gene annotation resources to facilitate high-throughput gene functional analysis

David Liu, Yongjian Guo, Brad T. Sherman, 2007, BMC Bioinformatics.

A randomized trial of high- versus low-dose subcutaneous interleukin-2 outpatient therapy for early human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

R. Dewar, J. Metcalf, R. Davey, 1999, The Journal of infectious diseases.

CD4 and CD8 T Cell Immune Activation during Chronic HIV Infection: Roles of Homeostasis, HIV, Type I IFN, and IL-7

Christopher Wilhelm, M. Proschan, R. Davey, 2011, The Journal of Immunology.

The effects of storage temperature on PBMC gene expression

Xueyuan Zhou, R. Lempicki, Jun Yang, 2016, BMC Immunology.

HIV-1 induces phenotypic and functional perturbations of B cells in chronically infected individuals

T. Chun, C. Hallahan, M. Baseler, 2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Immunoreconstitution after ritonavir therapy in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection involves multiple lymphocyte lineages.

R. Nelson, A. Hutson, M. Baseler, 1999, The Journal of pediatrics.

Identification of Dynamically Distinct Subpopulations of T Lymphocytes That Are Differentially Affected by HIV

Richard A. Lempicki, Michael W. Baseler, H. Clifford Lane, 2001, The Journal of experimental medicine.

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) Strongly Correlates with Increasing HIV-1 Viremia and Markers of Inflammation

B. Sherman, R. Dewar, J. Metcalf, 2016, PloS one.

B Cells of HIV-1–Infected Patients Bind Virions through Cd21–Complement Interactions and Transmit Infectious Virus to Activated T Cells

T. Chun, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 2000, The Journal of experimental medicine.

CD4 T cell expansions are associated with increased apoptosis rates of T lymphocytes during IL-2 cycles in HIV infected patients

C. Hallahan, J. Metcalf, R. Davey, 2001, AIDS.

Increasing viral burden in CD4+ T cells from patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection reflects rapidly progressive immunosuppression and clinical disease.

M. Baseler, A. Fauci, H. Lane, 1990, Annals of internal medicine.

HIV infection-associated immune activation occurs by two distinct pathways that differentially affect CD4 and CD8 T cells

D. Follmann, M. Baseler, J. Adelsberger, 2008, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease is associated with increasing disruptions within the CD4+ T cell receptor repertoire.

C. Hallahan, M. Baseler, J. Falloon, 1998, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Longitudinal changes in CD4+ T cell antigen receptor diversity and naive/memory cell phenotype during 9 to 26 months of antiretroviral therapy of HIV-infected patients.

C. Hallahan, M. Baseler, M. Polis, 2000, AIDS research and human retroviruses.

Evidence for Increased T Cell Turnover and Decreased Thymic Output in HIV Infection1

Daniel C. Douek, Douglas D. Richman, Michael W. Baseler, 2001, The Journal of Immunology.

Anti-retroviral effects of interferon-alpha in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma.

J. Metcalf, M. Baseler, J. Kovacs, 1988, Lancet.

Heterozygosity for a defective gene for CC chemokine receptor 5 is not the sole determinant for the immunologic and virologic phenotype of HIV-infected long-term nonprogressors.

J. Margolick, J. Phair, R. Detels, 1997, The Journal of clinical investigation.

Cytokine regulation of HIV replication induced by dendritic cell-CD4-positive T cell interactions.

D. Weissman, M. Baseler, A. Fauci, 1996, AIDS research and human retroviruses.

A comparison of microLC/electrospray ionization-MS and GC/MS for the measurement of stable isotope enrichment from a [2H2]-glucose metabolic probe in T-cell genomic DNA.

Douglas A. Hosack, T. Veenstra, R. Lempicki, 2003, Analytical chemistry.

Interleukin‐2 induced immune effects in human immunodeficiency virus‐infected patients receiving intermittent interleukin‐2 immunotherapy

R. Lempicki, R. Dewar, J. Metcalf, 2001, European journal of immunology.

Application of the Granzyme B ELISPOT Assay for Monitoring Cancer Vaccine Trials

M. Baseler, S. Rosenberg, A. Malyguine, 2006, Journal of immunotherapy.

Characterization of MHC class I restricted cytotoxic T cell responses to tax in HTLV-1 infected patients with neurologic disease.

M. Baseler, J. Adelsberger, E. Boone, 1993, Journal of immunology.

The effects of storage temperature on PBMC gene expression

Xueyuan Zhou, R. Lempicki, Jun Yang, 2016, BMC Immunology.

Evaluation of the Performance of the Sysmex XT-2000i Hematology Analyzer With Whole Bloods Stored at Room Temperature.

J. Metcalf, M. Baseler, Zonghui Hu, 2009, Laboratory medicine.

Interleukin-27 treated human macrophages induce the expression of novel microRNAs which may mediate anti-viral properties.

Robert M. Stephens, D. Huang, R. Lempicki, 2013, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

A new class of synthetic biological response modifiers: the methylfurylbutyrolactones (Nafocare B).

M. Baseler, C. Woolverton, R. Veltri, 1986, Journal of biological response modifiers.

A phase I study of interferon-alpha 2b in combination with interleukin-2 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

R. Davey, M. Baseler, S. Vogel, 1994, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Impact of HIV-1 infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy on the kinetics of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell turnover in HIV-infected patients.

R. Lempicki, D. Dimitrov, R. Dewar, 2000, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Acute-Phase Reactants in Experimental Inhalation Lung Disease 1

M. Baseler, R. Burrell, 1981, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Subcutaneous Interleukin‐2 in HIV‐Infected Patients

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 1996, Pharmacotherapy.

Pharmacokinetic modeling of recombinant interleukin‐2 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection

J. Metcalf, R. Davey, M. Baseler, 1998, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

DAVID Bioinformatics Resources : expanded annotation database and novel algorithms to better extract biology from large gene lists

Robert M. Stephens, D. Huang, B. Sherman, 2007 .

CD4 counts as predictors of opportunistic pneumonias in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

F. Ognibene, J. Shelhamer, W. Travis, 1989, Annals of internal medicine.

Flow cytometric assay for the simultaneous analysis of cell-mediated cytotoxicity and effector cell phenotype.

M. Baseler, A. Malyguine, V. Reddy, 2001, BioTechniques.

Decreased Thymic Output in HIV Infection Evidence for Increased T Cell Turnover and

D. Richman, R. Lempicki, S. Little, 2001 .

Immunological monitoring and clinical trials of biological response modifiers.

M. Baseler, W. Urba, 1990, Cancer chemotherapy and biological response modifiers.

Intravenous aviptadil and remdesivir for treatment of COVID-19-associated hypoxaemic respiratory failure in the USA (TESICO): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Michael L. Nelson, Brad T. Sherman, I. Douglas, 2023, The Lancet. Respiratory medicine.