S. Shafer

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Shadow of doubt.

S. Shafer, 2011, Anesthesia and analgesia.

The Influence of Method of Administration and Covariates on the Pharmacokinetics of Propofol in Adult Volunteers

S. Shafer, T. Schnider, C. Minto, 1998, Anesthesiology.

Comparison of Plasma Compartment versus Two Methods for Effect Compartment–controlled Target-controlled Infusion for Propofol

M. Struys, S. Shafer, T. De Smet, 2000, Anesthesiology.

Pharmacodynamic Interaction between Propofol and Remifentanil Regarding Hypnosis, Tolerance of Laryngoscopy, Bispectral Index, and Electroencephalographic Approximate Entropy

J. Bruhn, T. Bouillon, S. Shafer, 2004, Anesthesiology.

Correlation of Approximate Entropy, Bispectral Index, and Spectral Edge Frequency 95 (SEF95) with Clinical Signs of “Anesthetic Depth” during Coadministration of Propofol and Remifentanil

J. Bruhn, A. Hoeft, T. Bouillon, 2003, Anesthesiology.

Urine and Plasma Catecholamine and Cortisol Concentrations after Myocardial Revascularization: Modulation by Continuous Sedation

S. Shafer, D. Mangano, J. Plunkett, 1997, Anesthesiology.

Propofol Dosing Regimens for ICU Sedation Based upon an Integrated Pharmacokinetic– Pharmacodynamic Model

S L Shafer, T D Egan, S. Shafer, 2001, Anesthesiology.

A Double-blind, Randomized Comparison of IV Lorazepam versus Midazolam for Sedation of ICU Patients via a Pharmacologic Model

S L Shafer, E. Bertaccini, S. Shafer, 2001, Anesthesiology.

Threats to safety during sedation outside of the operating room and the death of Michael Jackson

S. Shafer, C. Webster, K. Mason, 2016, Current opinion in anaesthesiology.

All models are wrong.

S. Shafer, 2012, Anesthesiology.

Comparison of some control strategies for three-compartment PK/PD models

W. Lovejoy, S. Shafer, Chuanpu Hu, 1994, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

An efficient control strategy for dosage regimens

W. Lovejoy, S. Shafer, Chuanpu Hu, 1994, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

Thiopental pharmacodynamics. II. Quantitation of clinical and electroencephalographic depth of anesthesia.

S L Shafer, D R Stanski, D. Stanski, 1992, Anesthesiology.

Remifentanil Versus Alfentanil: Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Healthy Adult Male Volunteers

Juliana Barr, Steven L. Shafer, S. Shafer, 1996, Anesthesiology.

Response Surface Model for Anesthetic Drug Interactions

S L Shafer, A Gentilini, S. Shafer, 2000, Anesthesiology.

A Model of the Ventilatory Depressant Potency of Remifentanil in the Non–steady State

Steven L Shafer, T. Bouillon, S. Shafer, 2003, Anesthesiology.

Is a New Paradigm Needed to Explain How Inhaled Anesthetics Produce Immobility?

Steven L Shafer, E. Eger, D. Raines, 2008, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Testing computer-controlled infusion pumps by simulation.

James C. Scott, S L Shafer, S. Shafer, 1988, Anesthesiology.

All Boxes Are Black.

Steven L Shafer, Maxime Cannesson, S. Shafer, 2016, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Use of Population Modeling to Define Rational Monitoring of Amiodarone Hepatic Effects

S. Shafer, P. Pollak, 2004, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Estimation of Optimal Modeling Weights for a Bayesian-Based Closed-Loop System for Propofol Administration Using the Bispectral Index as a Controlled Variable: A Simulation Study

Michel M. R. F. Struys, Steven L. Shafer, M. Struys, 2007, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Induction Speed Is Not a Determinant of Propofol Pharmacodynamics

Anthony G. Doufas, Steven L. Shafer, A. Bjorksten, 2004, Anesthesiology.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Propofol Infusions during General Anesthesia

S L Shafer, P. White, S. Shafer, 1988, Anesthesiology.

The prospective use of population pharmacokinetics in a computer-driven infusion system for alfentanil.

D B Raemer, S L Shafer, B K Philip, 1990, Anesthesiology.

Intravenous drug delivery systems

S. Shafer, A. Absalom, M. Struys, 2020 .

Using the Time of Maximum Effect Site Concentration to Combine Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Steven L Shafer, S. Shafer, T. Schnider, 2003, Anesthesiology.

A simple pocket calculator approach to predict anesthetic drug concentrations from pharmacokinetic data.

S. Shafer, P. Maitre, 1990, Anesthesiology.

You will be caught.

S. Shafer, 2011, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Steven L Shafer responds to Jeanne Lenzer

S. Shafer, 2010, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

Artifact Robustness, Inter- and Intraindividual Baseline Stability, and Rational EEG Parameter Selection

Steven L Shafer, Andreas Hoeft, J. Bruhn, 2002, Anesthesiology.

The pharmacology of anesthetic drugs in elderly patients.

S L Shafer, S. Shafer, 2000, Anesthesiology clinics of North America.

Can Epidurography Help to Predict the Extent of Epidural Blockade

S. Shafer, E. Riley, D. Drover, 2005 .

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Drugs Commonly Used in Pregnancy and Parturition

P. Flood, S. Shafer, B. Carvalho, 2016, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling in Anesthesia

S. Shafer, D. Fisher, 2014 .

Pharmacokinetic Parameters Relevant to Recovery from Opioids

S. Shafer, E. Youngs, 1994, Anesthesiology.

Linearity of Pharmacokinetics and Model Estimation of Sufentanil

D. Stanski, S. Shafer, F. Camu, 1995, Anesthesiology.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Remifentanil: II. Model Application

Thomas W. Schnider, Steven L. Shafer, S. Shafer, 1997, Anesthesiology.

Tutorial: Context-Sensitive Decrement Times for Inhaled Anesthetics

E. Eger, S. Shafer, 2005, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Mixed effect modeling in analgesia trials.

S. Shafer, M. Struys, 2008, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Estimation of optimal modeling weights for a Bayesian-based closed-loop system for propofol administration using the bispectral index as a controlled variable

M. Struys, S. Shafer, E. Mortier, 2007 .

Advances in propofol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

S. Shafer, Steven L. Shafer, 1993, Journal of clinical anesthesia.

Tattered threads.

Steven L Shafer, S. Shafer, 2009, Anesthesia and analgesia.

The Scott Reuben saga: one last retraction.

P. White, S. Shafer, C. Rosow, 2011, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Walk a mile in my shoes.

S. Shafer, D. Fisher, 2010, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Midazolam Administered by Target Controlled Infusion for Sedation following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

S. Shafer, J. Ramsay, A. Donner, 1998, Anesthesiology.

Mathematical Modeling of the Pain and Progress of the First Stage of Nulliparous Labor

P. Flood, S. Shafer, Jessamyn Conell-Price, 2009, Anesthesiology.

Mathematical Modeling of the Pain and Progress of the First Stage of Nulliparous Labor

P. Flood, S. Shafer, Jessamyn Conell-Price, 2010 .

An ecological history of coal refuse bank fires in Scranton, Pennsylvania.

S. Shafer, 1979, Social science & medicine.

Estimating the rate of thiopental blood-brain equilibration using pseudo steady state serum concentrations

D. Stanski, S. Shafer, M. Bührer, 1990, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

Comments on Using the Time of Maximum Effect Site Concentration to Combine Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics: In Reply

S. Shafer, T. Schnider, C. Minto, 2004 .

Targeting the Effect Site with a Computer Controlled Infusion Pump

S. Shafer, 1991 .

Plagiarism Is Ubiquitous.

S. Shafer, 2016, Anesthesia and analgesia.

The Evolution of ERAS and the PSH

S. Shafer, 2020 .

The Pharmacology of Intravenous Opioids

P. Flood, S. Shafer, M. McEvoy, 2018 .

Population pharmacokinetics of long‐term oral amiodarone therapy

T. Bouillon, S. Shafer, P. Pollak, 2000, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Improving the clinical utility of anesthetic drug pharmacokinetics.

D. Stanski, S. Shafer, 1992, Anesthesiology.

More on: improving the clinical utility of anesthetic drug pharmacokinetics.

S. Shafer, 1992, Anesthesiology.

Pharmacokinetics, cortisol release, and hemodynamics after intravenous and subcutaneous injection of human corticotropin‐releasing factor in humans

S. Shafer, M. Angst, J. B. Dyck, 1998, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Two equally valid interpretations of the linear multicompartment mammillary pharmacokinetic model.

J. L. Larsen, S. Shafer, J. R. Jacobs, 1990, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

DEPTH OF SEDATION VS. PROPOFOL CONCENTRATION IN MECHANICALLY VENTILATED ICU PATIENTS

S. Shafer, T. Egan, J. Barr, 1992 .

MIDAZOLAM VERSUS LORAZEPAM FOR SHORT TERM SEDATION IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS- A DOUBLE BLIND STUDY

E. Bertaccini, S. Shafer, J. Barr, 1998 .

A Phase I, Two-center Study of the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Dexmedetomidine in Children

J. Lerman, S. Shafer, N. Sikich, 2006, Anesthesiology.

The Pharmacokinetics of IV Dexmedetomidine in Adults

M. Maze, S. Shafer, J. B. Dyck, 1991 .

Con: The black box warning on droperidol should not be removed (but should be clarified!).

S. Shafer, Danielle B Ludwin, 2008, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Enantioselective relief of neuropathic pain by systemic mexiletine in the rat

S. Shafer, G. Strichartz, Catherine J. Sinnott, 2000 .

&bgr;2-Adrenergic Receptor Genotype and Other Variables that Contribute to Labor Pain and Progress

P. Flood, S. Shafer, R. Smiley, 2011, Anesthesiology.

Chronic disabling postpartum headache after unintentional dural puncture during epidural anaesthesia: a prospective cohort study.

P. Flood, S. Shafer, M. Barad, 2021, British journal of anaesthesia.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled versus intravenous morphine in healthy volunteers.

J. Walsh, S. Shafer, C. Rosow, 2000, Anesthesiology.

Anesthesia & Analgesia's collection on the perioperative surgical home.

S. Shafer, J. Donovan, 2014, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Narrative Review of Statistical Reporting Checklists, Mandatory Statistical Editing, and Rectifying Common Problems in the Reporting of Scientific Articles.

F. Dexter, S. Shafer, 2017, Anesthesia and analgesia.

The Use of a Nerve Stimulator for Thoracic Paravertebral Block

S. Shafer, E. Geller, 2002 .

Manual Occlusion of the Internal Jugular Vein during Subclavian Vein Catheterization : A Maneuver to Prevent Misplacement of Catheter into Internal Jugular Vein

S. Shafer, 2002 .

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Drugs Commonly Used in Pregnancy and Parturition

P. Flood, S. Shafer, B. Carvalho, 2016, Anesthesia and analgesia.

THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF PROPOFOL ADMINISTERED BY COMPUTER-CONTROLLED INFUSION IN MECHANICALLY VENTILATED ICU PATIENTS

S. Shafer, T. Egan, J. Barr, 1992 .

Writing Successful Research Proposals for Medical Science

S. Shafer, D. Schwinn, E. Delong, 1998, Anesthesiology.

Pharmacokinetics of inhaled liposome-encapsulated fentanyl.

S. Shafer, O. Hung, J. Varvel, 1995 .

Pediatric research and scholarship: another Gordian knot?

S. Shafer, J. R. Tobin, P. Davis, 2006, Anesthesia and analgesia.

PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF PROPOFOL INFUSIONS

P. White, S. Shafer, V. Doze, 1987 .

Cephalad Movement of Morphine and Fentanyl in Humans after Intrathecal Injection

S. Shafer, J. Eisenach, R. Curry, 2003, Anesthesiology.

Anesthesia & Analgesia's 2015 Collection on the Perioperative Surgical Home.

S. Shafer, 2015, Anesthesia and analgesia.

When Lack of Addition Really Does Add Up

S. Shafer, 2007 .

Fospropofol Assay Issues and Impact on Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation: Retracted

S. Shafer, J. Eisenach, B. Pollard, 2008 .

Teaching Application of Clinical Pharmacology Skills Using Unusual Observations from Clozapine Overdoses

S. Shafer, P. Pollak, 2004, Journal of clinical pharmacology.

Pharmacokinetics of Computer‐controlled Alfentanil Administration in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

S L Shafer, P Fiset, S. Shafer, 1995, Anesthesiology.

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and rational opioid selection.

S L Shafer, S. Shafer, J. Varvel, 1991, Anesthesiology.

Pharmacokinetics of fentanyl administered by computer-controlled infusion pump.

James C. Scott, S L Shafer, S. Shafer, 1990, Anesthesiology.

Pharmacokinetics of Propofol in Adult Patients Undergoing Coronary Revascularization

S L Shafer, S. Shafer, J M Bailey, 1996, Anesthesiology.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Intrathecal Neostigmine Methylsulfate in Humans

S. Shafer, J. Eisenach, C. Tong, 1998, Anesthesiology.

Influence of Age and Gender on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Remifentanil: I. Model Development

S L Shafer, T D Egan, K T Muir, 1997, Anesthesiology.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Intraspinal Dexmedetomidine in Sheep

S. Shafer, J. Eisenach, A. Kallio, 1994, Anesthesiology.

Computer-controlled Epidural Infusion to Targeted Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations in Humans: Clonidine

S. Shafer, J. Eisenach, C. Tong, 1995, Anesthesiology.

The Pharmacokinetics of the Conopeptide Contulakin-G (CGX-1160) After Intrathecal Administration: An Analysis of Data from Studies in Beagles

Steven Edward Kern, S. Shafer, T. Yaksh, 2007, Anesthesia and Analgesia.

Anesthesia & Analgesia 's Policy on Off-Label Drug Administration in Clinical Trials

S. Shafer, 2007 .

The influence of age on propofol pharmacodynamics.

S L Shafer, T W Schnider, S. Shafer, 1999, Anesthesiology.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Remifentanil

Thomas W. Schnider, Steven L. Shafer, S. Shafer, 1997 .

Editor's note: notices of retractions.

S. Shafer, 2013, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Absorption characteristics of transdermally administered fentanyl.

D. Stanski, S. Shafer, J. Varvel, 1989, Anesthesiology.

BIOAVAILABILITY AND ABSORPTION OF TRANSDERMAL FENTANYL

D. Stanski, S. Shafer, J. Varvel, 1988 .

Influence of age and gender on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of remifentanil. I. Model development

Thomas W. Schnider, David J. Hermann, Jaap W. Mandema, 1997 .

Pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic modeling in drug development: Application to the investigational opioid trefentanil

S L Shafer, D R Stanski, D. Stanski, 1994, Clinical pharmacology and therapy.

Measuring the predictive performance of computer-controlled infusion pumps

Steven L. Shafer, David L. Donoho, John R. Varvel, 1992, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

Additivity Versus Synergy: A Theoretical Analysis of Implications for Anesthetic Mechanisms

Steven L. Shafer, Pamela Flood, Jan F. A. Hendrickx, 2008, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Is Synergy the Rule? A Review of Anesthetic Interactions Producing Hypnosis and Immobility

Steven L Shafer, E. Eger, J. Sonner, 2008, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Carfentanil: a weapon of mass destruction

S. Shafer, 2019, Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie.

No evidence for the development of acute tolerance to analgesic, respiratory depressant and sedative opioid effects in humans

S. Shafer, M. Angst, M. Tingle, 2009, Pain.

Who Gets the Ventilator?

S. Shafer, Pamela S. Flood, 2021, ASA Monitor.

Electromyographic activity falsely elevates the bispectral index.

S L Shafer, T. Bouillon, S. Shafer, 2000, Anesthesiology.

Bispectral Index Dynamics During Propofol Hypnosis Is Similar in Red-Haired and Dark-Haired Subjects

D. Sessler, S. Shafer, A. Doufas, 2013, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Is the HPCSA requirement for a research dissertation for specialist registration the best option

S. Shafer, R. Dyer, B. Biccard, 2017 .

The Pharmacokinetics of the New Short‐acting Opioid Remifentanil (GI87084B) in Healthy Adult Male Volunteers

David J. Hermann, Donald R. Stanski, Steven L. Shafer, 1993, Anesthesiology.

The Development and Validation of a Dynamic Model to Account for the Progress of Labor in the Assessment of Pain

P. Flood, S. Shafer, J. B. Evans, 2008, Anesthesia and analgesia.

The World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists, International Anesthesia Research Society, and Anesthesia & Analgesia: a shared global vision.

S. Shafer, I. Walker, 2015, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Prolonged Alleviation of Tactile Allodynia by Intravenous Lidocaine in Neuropathic Rats

S L Shafer, S. Shafer, T. Yaksh, 1995, Anesthesiology.

Improved Statistical Methods for Quantal Assay

S. Shafer, E. Riley, Y. Ginosar, 2005 .

Anesthesia and analgesia case reports.

S. Shafer, 2013, Anesthesia and analgesia.

PHARMACOKINETIC ANALYSIS OF FENTANYL ADMINISTERED BY A COMPUTER CONTROLLED INFUSION PUMP

James C. Scott, Donald R. Stanski, Steven L. Shafer, 1987 .

Non–steady State Analysis of the Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Propofol and Remifentanil

T. Bouillon, E. Bertaccini, S. Shafer, 2002, Anesthesiology.

Arterial and Venous Pharmacokinetics of Ropivacaine with and without Epinephrine after Thoracic Paravertebral Block

A. Ho, M. Karmakar, S. Shafer, 2005, Anesthesiology.

Target-controlled infusions for intravenous anesthetics: surfing USA not!

Steven L Shafer, Talmage D Egan, S. Shafer, 2003, Anesthesiology.

Remifentanil Versus Alfentanil: Comparative Pharmacokinetics

S. Shafer, C. Minto, T. Egan, 1994 .

Stoelting's Pharmacology and Physiology in Anesthetic Practice

S. Shafer, 2014 .

The Pharmacokinetics of Propofol in Children Using Three Different Data Analysis Approaches

H F Nicodemus, S L Shafer, S. Shafer, 1994, Anesthesiology.

Exercise produces sensitivity to metocurine.

R. Matteo, S. Shafer, D. White, 1988, Anesthesiology.

Monitoring the Depth of Anesthesia

K. Leslie, D. Stanski, A. Gelb, 2010 .

Pharmacokinetics Police.

S. Shafer, D. Fisher, 2022, Anesthesia and Analgesia.

From d-tubocurarine to sugammadex: the contributions of T. Cecil Gray to modern anaesthetic practice.

S. Shafer, 2011, British journal of anaesthesia.

When the model does not fit the data, the model is wrong.

S. Shafer, D. Fisher, 2009, Anesthesiology.

Allometry of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the muscle relaxant metocurine in mammals.

E. Disbrow, S. Shafer, D. Fung, 1995, The American journal of physiology.

A comparison of parametric with semiparametric analysis of the concentration versus effect relationship of metocurine in dogs and pigs

S. Shafer, J. Varvel, G. Gronert, 1989, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

Nomenclature for computer-assisted infusion devices.

S L Shafer, J Schüttler, P. Glass, 1997, Anesthesiology.

Algorithms to rapidly achieve and maintain stable drug concentrations at the site of drug effect with a computer-controlled infusion pump

Steven L. Shafer, S. Shafer, K. M. Gregg, 1992, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

Effects of age on propofol pharmacokinetics

Steven L. Shafer, S. Shafer, J B Dyck, 1992 .

Influence of Administration Rate on Propofol Plasma–Effect Site Equilibration

Steven L Shafer, Michel M R F Struys, M. Struys, 2007, Anesthesiology.

Bupivacaine local anesthetic to decrease opioid requirements after radical cystectomy: Does formulation matter?

H. Gill, S. Shafer, E. Skinner, 2020, Urologic oncology.

A comparison of spectral edge, delta power, and bispectral index as EEG measures of alfentanil, propofol, and midazolam drug effect

S L Shafer, D R Stanski, D. Stanski, 1997, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Comparative absorption kinetics of intramuscular midazolam and diazepam

S L Shafer, D R Stanski, D. Stanski, 1996, Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie.

S. Shafer, 2004, Anesthesiology.

Editor's note: notices of retraction.

S. Shafer, 2011, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Editor's note: notices of retraction.

S. Shafer, 2013, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Validation of the Alfentanil Canonical Univariate Parameter as a Measure of Opioid Effect on the Electroencephalogram

S. Shafer, P. Gambús, K. M. Gregg, 1995, Anesthesiology.

A NEW APPROACH TO PHASE I EVALUATION OF OPIOIDS: A-3508 VS ALFENTANIL AND BUTORPHANOL

S. Shafer, T. Egan, P. Fiset, 1992 .

The Pharmacology of Opioids

P. Flood, S. Shafer, 2008 .

Anesthesia matters: statistical anomaly or new paradigm?

S. Shafer, V. Nekhendzy, 2008, Anesthesia and analgesia.

COMPARISON OF SIMULTANEOUS INTRAOPERATIVE MEASUREMENTS OF CARDIAC OUTPUT BY THERMODILUTION, ESOPHAGEAL DOPPLER AND ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE IN ANESTHETIZED PATIENTS

James C. Scott, S. Shafer, L. Siegel, 1987 .

Quantifying anesthetic drug interaction. Implications for drug dosing.

D. Stanski, S. Shafer, 1995, Anesthesiology.

Neuromuscular Block Differentially Affects Immobility and Cortical Activation at Near–Minimum Alveolar Concentration Anesthesia

E. Mascha, D. Sessler, S. Shafer, 2009, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Inhaled Anesthetics Do Not Combine to Produce Synergistic Effects Regarding Minimum Alveolar Anesthetic Concentration in Rats

E. Eger, D. Raines, M. Laster, 2008, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Cardiac Arrest following Regional Anesthesia with Ropivacaine Here We Go Again !

S. Shafer, 2022 .

Bispectral Index (BIS) and Burst Suppression: Revealing a Part of the BIS Algorithm

Thomas W. Bouillon, Steven L. Shafer, J. Bruhn, 2004, Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing.

Letter to the Editor on "Local Infiltration Analgesia With Liposomal Bupivacaine Improves Pain Scores and Reduces Opioid Use After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial".

S. Shafer, 2018, The Journal of arthroplasty.

Opioid-induced Ventilatory Depression in Sleep Apnea: Reply.

S. Shafer, A. Doufas, T. Henthorn, 2019, Anesthesiology.

Determination of the Pharmacodynamic Interaction of Propofol and Remifentanil during Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in Children

S. Shafer, G. Hammer, D. Drover, 2004, Anesthesiology.

Safety of patients reason for FDA black box warning on droperidol.

S. Shafer, 2004, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Pharmacodynamic modeling of the electroencephalographic effects of flumazenil in healthy volunteers sedated with midazolam

D. Stanski, S. Shafer, P. Fiset, 1995, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

Writing Research Reports

D. Sessler, S. Shafer, 2018, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Did our brains fall out?

S. Shafer, 2007, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Full disclosure matters!

S. Shafer, 2008, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Cardiopulmonary and behavioral responses to computer-driven infusion of detomidine in standing horses.

M. Maze, S. Shafer, O. Vakkuri, 1993, American journal of veterinary research.

Derivation and Cross-validation of Pharmacokinetic Parameters for Computer-controlled Infusion of Lidocaine in Pain Therapy

S. Shafer, T. Schnider, C. Minto, 1996, Anesthesiology.

The Influence of Age on Propofol Phamacodynamics

Thomas W. Schnider, Steven L. Shafer, Pedro L. Gambus, 2000 .

Variability of Target-controlled Infusion Is Less Than the Variability after Bolus Injection

S. Shafer, Chuanpu Hu, D. Horstman, 2005, Anesthesiology.

The role of newer opioids in geriatric anesthesia.

S. Shafer, 1998, Acta anaesthesiologica Belgica.

Non–steady State Modeling of the Ventilatory Depressant Effect of Remifentanil in Awake Patients Experiencing Moderate-to-severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea

C. Kushida, S. Shafer, A. Doufas, 2019, Anesthesiology.

Spectral Entropy as an Electroencephalographic Measure of Anesthetic Drug Effect: A Comparison with Bispectral Index and Processed Midlatency Auditory Evoked Response

Hugo Vereecke, Olivier Thas, Steven L. Shafer, 2004, Anesthesiology.

Does size matter?

T. Bouillon, S. Shafer, Thomas Bouillon, 1998, Anesthesiology.

Evolving clinically useful predictors of recovery from intravenous anesthetics.

S. Shafer, T. Schnider, 1995, Anesthesiology.

The electroencephalogram (EEG)and clinical measures of opioid potency: defining the EEG-clinical potency relationship (‘fingerprint’) with application to remifentanil

D. Stanski, S. Shafer, T. Egan, 2001, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Medicine.

How to Explain Vaccination to Your Unvaccinated Patients

S. Shafer, 2021, ASA Monitor.

S. Shafer, Omeed Sani, 2003, Anesthesiology.

New Affiliates, New Opportunities

S. Shafer, 2008 .

Pharmacokinetics of intravenous dynorphin A(1–13) in opioid‐naive and opioid‐treated human volunteers *

S. Shafer, T. Schnider, C. Minto, 1998, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

15 Pharmacology of Opioids

P. Flood, S. Shafer, 2007 .

COVID-19 Therapeutics

S. Shafer, R. Simoneaux, 2021, ASA Monitor.

Opioids. Opioids!! Opioids???

S. Shafer, 2020 .

Isoflurane Antagonizes the Capacity of Flurothyl or 1,2-Dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane to Impair Fear Conditioning to Context and Tone

R. Pearce, M. Fanselow, E. Eger, 2003, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Artificial Intelligence for Everyone.

S. Shafer, P. Gambús, 2017, Anesthesiology.

S. Shafer, 2022 .

How Virulent Is Omicron?

S. Shafer, R. Simoneaux, 2022, ASA Monitor.

Basic Principles of Pharmacology

Steven L. Shafer, Debra A. Schwinn, Pamela Flood, 2010 .

Who Is Immunocompromised?

S. Shafer, R. Simoneaux, 2022, ASA Monitor.

Population Pharmacodynamics of Midazolam Administered by Target Controlled Infusion in SICU Patients after CABG Surgery

S L Shafer, S. Shafer, J. Ramsay, 1998, Anesthesiology.

Comparison of Some Suboptimal Control Policies in Medical Drug Therapy

Steven L. Shafer, Chuanpu Hu, William S. Lovejoy, 1996, Oper. Res..

An Efficient Control Strategy for Dosage

Steven L. Shafer, Chuanpu Hu, William S. Love, 1994 .

Characterization of benzodiazepine receptors in the cerebellum

S. Shafer, D. Meredith, G. Loew, 2000, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry.

Unraveling the identity of benzodiazepine binding sites in rat hipppocampus and olfactory bulb.

S L Shafer, G H Loew, S. Shafer, 2000, European journal of pharmacology.

Consent contraindicated?

S. Shafer, T. Yaksh, J. Eisenach, 2010, Science.

Calculating the probability of random sampling for continuous variables in submitted or published randomised controlled trials

F. Dexter, S. Shafer, J. Pandit, 2015, Anaesthesia.

The Effect of Night Float Rotation on Resident Sleep, Activity, and Well-Being

P. Flood, S. Shafer, Alexandra Ruan, 2022, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Automated Responsiveness Monitor to Titrate Propofol Sedation

A. Bjorksten, D. Sessler, S. Shafer, 2009, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Onset of propofol-induced burst suppression may be correctly detected as deepening of anaesthesia by approximate entropy but not by bispectral index.

S L Shafer, J. Bruhn, T. Bouillon, 2001, British journal of anaesthesia.

Further retractions of articles by Joachim Boldt.

S. Shafer, H. Hemmings, 2020, British Journal of Anaesthesia.

Notice of retraction.

S. Shafer, 2010, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Application of Bispectral Index® and Narcotrend® Index to the Measurement of the Electroencephalographic Effects of Isoflurane with and without Burst Suppression

J. Bruhn, S. Shafer, S. Kreuer, 2004, Anesthesiology.

Monkeypox Outbreak 2022

S. Shafer, R. Simoneaux, 2022, ASA Monitor.

Pharmacogenomics and drug development.

G. Peltz, S. Shafer, J. Usuka, 2005, Pharmacogenomics.

Application of semilinear canonical correlation to the measurement of opioid drug effect

S. Shafer, J. Varvel, K. M. Gregg, 1992, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

Do distribution volumes and clearances relate to tissue volumes and blood flows? A computer simulation

S. Shafer, J. Hendrickx, H. Lemmens, 2006, BMC anesthesiology.

The pharmacokinetics of 8-methoxypsoralen following i.v. administration in humans.

S. Shafer, C. Minto, P. Gambús, 1995, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

Piritramide and Alfentanil display similar respiratory depressant potency

H. Schwilden, A. Hoeft, T. Bouillon, 2003, Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.

Useful Information about the pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Midazolam and Lorazepam

S. Shafer, J. Barr, E. Geller, 2002 .

Happy 25th Anniversary, FAER!

S. Shafer, 2011 .

The need for a journal policy on intrathecal, epidural, and perineural administration of non-approved drugs

S. Shafer, T. Yaksh, J. Eisenach, 2010, PAIN.

Differential activation of trigeminal C or Aδ nociceptors by infrared diode laser in rats: behavioral evidence

Steven L. Shafer, Alexander Tzabazis, David C. Yeomans, 2005, Brain Research.

Thiopental pharmacodynamics. I. Defining the pseudo-steady-state serum concentration-EEG effect relationship.

S L Shafer, D R Stanski, W F Ebling, 1992, Anesthesiology.

Principles of Target-Controlled Infusions

S. Shafer, 2017 .

Target-Controlled Infusions: Surfing USA Redux.

Steven L Shafer, S. Shafer, T. Egan, 2016, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Basic Pharmacologic Principles

S. Shafer, 2011 .

Publication bias, retrospective bias, and reproducibility of significant results in observational studies.

F. Dexter, S. Shafer, 2012, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Recent developments in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenously administered anesthetic drugs

S. Shafer, 1993 .

'Intravenous Drug Delivery Systems' in Miller's Anesthesia

S. Shafer, A. Absalom, M. Struys, 2014 .

Outpatient Treatment With Gabapentin in Women With Severe Acute Pain After Cesarean Delivery Is Ineffective: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

P. Flood, S. Shafer, Cedar Fowler, 2023, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Playing with dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetics!

S. Shafer, G. Hammer, 2019, British journal of anaesthesia.

Is a New Paradigm Needed to Explain How Inhaled Anesthetics Produce Immobility?

E. Eger, D. Raines, J. Sonner, 2008 .

Pharmacokinetic Model-driven Infusion of Fentanyl in Children

P. Glass, A. Ross, S. Shafer, 1996, Anesthesiology.

Potential Effects of Future Climate Change on the Bioclimatic Habitat of Ecoregions and Managed Lands in Oregon

P. Bartlein, S. Shafer, F. Saltré, 2011 .

“Think. Check. Submit.” to avoid predatory publishing

S. Shafer, A. Cortegiani, 2018, Critical Care.

Retraction Notice. Authors' reply

T. Turkstra, S. Shafer, J. Tong, 2009 .

Biopharmaceutics of a New Transdermal Fentanyl Device

S. Shafer, C. Cohane, Susan M. Browne, 1995, Anesthesiology.

Untying the Gordian Knot

S. Shafer, J. R. Tobin, P. Davis, 2007 .

How "Volatile" Is the Protection Provided by Inhalational Anesthetics?

S. Shafer, B. Beck-Schimmer, 2016, Anesthesiology.

Critical Thinking in Anesthesia: Eighth Honorary FAER Research Lecture

S. Shafer, 2009, Anesthesiology.

Pitfalls in Chronobiology: A Suggested Analysis Using Intrathecal Bupivacaine Analgesia as an Example

S. Shafer, B. Allaouchiche, D. Chassard, 2010, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Comprar Stoelting's Pharmacology & Physiology in Anesthetic Practice, 5ª Ed. | Steven Shafer | 9781605475509 | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

P. Flood, S. Shafer, J. Rathmell, 2014 .

BIOAVAILABILITY OF ORAL PROPOFOL IN HUMANS

S. Shafer, P. Sepúlveda, V. Contreras, 2011 .

Anesthesia & Analgesia policy on Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent for research

S. Shafer, 2011, Anaesthesia.

Intrinsic Severity of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant.

S. Shafer, 2022, The New England journal of medicine.

Allometry, Shallometry!

S. Shafer, D. Fisher, 2016, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Plagiarism is plagiarism is plagiarism.

S. Shafer, 2014, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Mixed-effects Modeling of the Intrinsic Ventilatory Depressant Potency of Propofol in the Non-steady State

T. Bouillon, S. Shafer, C. Andresen, 2004, Anesthesiology.

Simultaneous measurements of cardiac output by thermodilution, esophageal Doppler, and electrical impedance in anesthetized patients.

S. Shafer, L. Siegel, J. Scott, 1988, Journal of cardiothoracic anesthesia.

Deadly heat: economics of continuous temperature monitoring during general anesthesia.

F. Dexter, S. Brull, S. Shafer, 2014, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Dexmedetomidine Decreases Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Humans

M. Maze, S. Shafer, M. Zornow, 1993, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

Impact of Cervical Effacement and Fetal Station on Progress during the First Stage of Labor: A Biexponential Model

C. Weng, P. Flood, S. Shafer, 2013, American Journal of Perinatology.

New Intravenous Anesthetic Remifentanil

S. Shafer, 1996 .

S. Shafer, 2007, Anesthesia and analgesia.

Pseudo-Emergent Use of an Investigational Drug

S. Shafer, 2007 .

COMPARISON OF CARDIOPULMONARY RESPONSES TO DETOMIDINE ADMINISTERED AS AN INTRAVENOUS STEADY-STATE INFUSION VS INTRAVENOUS BOLUS IN STANDING HORSES

M. Maze, S. Shafer, A. Wagner, 1991 .

Defining depth of anesthesia.

S L Shafer, D R Stanski, D. Stanski, 2008, Handbook of experimental pharmacology.

Def ining Depth of Anesthesia

D. Stanski, S. Shafer, 2008 .

Case scheduling for dummies.

S. Shafer, 2006, Anesthesia and analgesia.

S. Shafer, A. Eldawlatly, 2012, Saudi journal of anaesthesia.

The evolution of pharmacokinetics.

S. Shafer, 2020, British journal of anaesthesia.

Does the EEG Measure Therapeutic Opioid Drug Effect

Steven L. Shafer, S. Shafer, Valerie Billard, 1995 .

Plasma Concentration Clamping in the Rat Using a Computer-Controlled Infusion Pump

S. Harapat, W. Ebling, D. Stanski, 1992, Pharmaceutical Research.

Efficient Trial Design for Eliciting a Pharmacokinetic– Pharmacodynamic Model–based Response Surface Describing the Interaction between Two Intravenous Anesthetic Drugs

S. Shafer, T. Schnider, C. Minto, 2002, Anesthesiology.

Semilinear Canonical Correlation Applied to the Measurement of the Electroencephalographic Effects of Midazolam and Flumazenil Reversal

S. Shafer, T. Schnider, C. Minto, 1996, Anesthesiology.

Determination of the Pharmacodynamic Interaction of Propofol and Remifentanil during Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in Children

S. Shafer, G. Hammer, D. Drover, 2004, Anesthesiology.

The need for a journal policy on intrathecal, epidural, and perineural administration of non-approved drugs

S. Shafer, T. Yaksh, J. Eisenach, 2010, PAIN.

Making a difference in perioperative infection.

S. Shafer, 2015, Anesthesia and Analgesia.

Anesthesiologists make a difference.

S. Shafer, 2015, Anesthesia and analgesia.

All models are wrong.

S. Shafer, 2012, Anesthesiology.