P. Hogan

P. Hogan, C. Burnham, B. Warner, 2016, Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

Molecular Epidemiology of Recurrent Cutaneous Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Children.

P. Hogan, C. Burnham, D. Hunstad, 2014, Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society.

Coiled-Coil Formation Conveys a STIM1 Signal from ER Lumen to Cytoplasm.

P. Hogan, V. Rajanikanth, Nupura Hirve, 2018, Cell reports.

Calcium sensing by the STIM1 ER-luminal domain

E. Komives, P. Hogan, A. Bobkov, 2018, Nature Communications.

Conformational Isomers of Calcineurin Follow Distinct Dissociation Pathways

Susan S. Taylor, A. Heck, P. Hogan, 2012, Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

Author response: Near-infrared photoactivatable control of Ca2+ signaling and optogenetic immunomodulation

P. Hogan, Gang Han, Yubin Zhou, 2015 .

Only one of the two DNA-bound orientations of AP-1 found in solution cooperates with NFATp

J. Glover, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 1995, Current Biology.

Defining ‘T cell exhaustion’

E. Wherry, T. Schumacher, W. Haining, 2019, Nature Reviews Immunology.

Evaluation of Environmental Sampling Methods for Detection of Staphylococcus aureus on Fomites.

P. Hogan, V. Fraser, C. Burnham, 2015, Annals of public health and research.

TOX and TOX2 transcription factors cooperate with NR4A transcription factors to impose CD8+ T cell exhaustion

P. Hogan, A. Rao, A. Bhandoola, 2019, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Treatment and Prevention Practices by Pediatric Infectious Diseases Providers.

P. Hogan, J. Newland, S. Fritz, 2019, Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society.

Cefazolin Inoculum Effect and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Osteoarticular Infections in Children

P. Hogan, J. Vallejo, S. Kaplan, 2020, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

HOME 2 Study: Household Versus Personalized Decolonization in Households of Children With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft Tissue Infection—A Randomized Clinical Trial

A. Rzhetsky, P. Hogan, J. B. Wardenburg, 2020 .

Longitudinal, strain-specific Staphylococcus aureus introduction and transmission events in households of children with community-associated meticillin-resistant S aureus skin and soft tissue infection: a prospective cohort study.

J. J. Morelli, A. Rzhetsky, S. Gehlert, 2019, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

Comprehensive modeling reveals proximity, seasonality, and hygiene practices as key determinants of MRSA colonization in exposed households

J. J. Morelli, A. Rzhetsky, S. Gehlert, 2018, Pediatric Research.

Carriage of the Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin Gene by Contemporary Community-Associated Staphylococcus aureus Isolates.

T. Wylie, K. Wylie, P. Hogan, 2018, Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society.

Novel cell lines display properties of nociceptive sensory neurons

S. Bevan, G. Rougon, P. Hogan, 1990, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.

Immunohistochemical Characterisation of Macrophages in Human Liver and Gastrointestinal Tract: Expression of CD4, HLA‐DR, OKM1, and the Mature Macrophage Marker 25F9 in Normal and Diseased Tissue

D. Hume, W. Allan, P. Hogan, 1987, Journal of leukocyte biology.

STIM1 triggers a gating rearrangement at the extracellular mouth of the ORAI1 channel

P. Hogan, S. Mahapatra, Yubin Zhou, 2014, Nature Communications.

Signalling to transcription: store-operated Ca2+ entry and NFAT activation in lymphocytes.

Y. Gwack, S. Srikanth, S. Feske, 2007, Cell calcium.

T-cell receptor stimulation elicits an early phase of activation and a later phase of deactivation of the transcription factor NFAT1

P. Hogan, A. Rao, J. Kim, 1996, Molecular and cellular biology.

A serologic correlate of protective immunity against community-onset Staphylococcus aureus infection.

P. Hogan, D. Hunstad, S. Fritz, 2013, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in households of children with community-associated S aureus skin and soft tissue infections.

P. Hogan, C. Burnham, S. Fritz, 2014, The Journal of pediatrics.

Spatial relationships among public places frequented by families plagued by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

P. Hogan, S. Fritz, Katelyn L Parrish, 2018, BMC Research Notes.

Normal function of the transcription factor NFAT1 in wasted mice. Chromosome localization of NFAT1 gene.

S. Edelhoff, N. Copeland, N. Jenkins, 1996, Gene.

Phosphorylation of the Transcription Factor NFATp Inhibits Its DNA Binding Activity in Cyclosporin A-treated Human B and T Cells (*)

P. Hogan, A. Rao, Surendra Sharma, 1995, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

Modulation of TET2 expression and 5-methylcytosine oxidation by the CXXC domain protein IDAX

L. Aravind, Harri Lähdesmäki, Patrick G. Hogan, 2013, Nature.

Paramagnetic Pharmaceuticals for Functional Studies

P. Hogan, L. D. Hall, 1987 .

HOME2: Household vs. Personalized Decolonization in Households of Children with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft Tissue Infection - A Randomized Clinical Trial.

J. J. Morelli, A. Rzhetsky, S. Gehlert, 2020, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus strains colonizing various niches of the human body.

P. Hogan, C. Burnham, S. Fritz, 2016, The Journal of infection.

Discriminatory Indices of Typing Methods for Epidemiologic Analysis of Contemporary Staphylococcus aureus Strains

Michael A. Rodriguez, G. Weinstock, E. Sodergren, 2015, Medicine.

Contamination of environmental surfaces with Staphylococcus aureus in households with children infected with methicillin-resistant S aureus.

Meghan A. Wallace, P. Hogan, V. Fraser, 2014, JAMA pediatrics.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Recovered from Humans, Environmental Surfaces, and Companion Animals in Households of Children with Community-Onset Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Infections

J. J. Morelli, P. Hogan, C. Burnham, 2015, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Recovered from Humans, 1

J. J. Morelli, P. Hogan, C. Burnham, 2015 .

Intradermal Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine for Healthcare Workers Who Fail to Respond to Intramuscular Vaccine

P. Hogan, M. Whitby, D. Looke, 2002, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

Molecular cloning of a complementary deoxyribonucleic acid encoding the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor and regulation of its messenger ribonucleic acid in rat GH cells.

P. Hogan, A. Tashjian, W. Chin, 1992, Endocrinology.

Lymphokine-activated and natural killer cell activity in human intestinal mucosa.

P. Hogan, W. Doe, A. Hapel, 1985, Journal of immunology.

Delineation of a region in the B2 bradykinin receptor that is essential for high-affinity agonist binding.

J. Nardone, P. Hogan, 1994, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: The Effects Are More Than Skin Deep

J. J. Morelli, S. Gehlert, P. Hogan, 2018, The Journal of pediatrics.

Transcriptional regulation: Modification by nuclear export?

P. Hogan, A. Rao, 1999, Nature.

Alloreactive T-cell clones. Ly phenotypes predict both function and specificity for major histocompatibility complex products

P. Hogan, A. Rao, W. J. Allard, 2004, Immunogenetics.

Vitamin D Sufficiency and Staphylococcus Aureus Infection in Children

P. Hogan, D. Hunstad, S. Fritz, 2015, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.

A unique secreted adenovirus E 3 protein binds to the leukocyte common antigen CD 45 and modulates leukocyte functions

H. V. Bakel, B. Williams, W. Wong, 2013 .

Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Treatment and Prevention Practices by Pediatric Emergency Medicine Providers

P. Hogan, R. Mistry, S. Fritz, 2022, Pediatric emergency care.

Immunosuppressive drugs prevent a rapid dephosphorylation of transcription factor NFAT1 in stimulated immune cells.

P. Hogan, A. Rao, J. Kim, 1995, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Calcineurin: A star is reborn.

P. Hogan, Huiming Li, 2021, Cell calcium.

The transcription factor NFAT promotes exhaustion of activated CD8⁺ T cells.

H. Lähdesmäki, E. Lamperti, P. Hogan, 2015, Immunity.

An asymmetric NFAT1 dimer on a pseudo-palindromic kappa B-like DNA site.

S. Harrison, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2003, Nature structural biology.

What are killer cells and what do they do?

P. Hogan, A. Basten, 1988, Blood reviews.

Mupirocin and Chlorhexidine Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in Patients with Community-Onset Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Melissa J. Krauss, P. Hogan, M. Krauss, 2012, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

Structure-Based Optimization of a Peptidyl Inhibitor against Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cell (NFAT) Interaction

P. Hogan, D. Pei, C. Hadad, 2014, Journal of medicinal chemistry.

Calcium signals regulate the functional differentiation of thymic iNKT cells

T. Kuwana, P. Hogan, W. Kiosses, 2021, The EMBO journal.

A secretory pathway kinase regulates sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ homeostasis and protects against heart failure

Yusu Gu, N. Dalton, K. Peterson, 2018, eLife.

TMEM110 regulates the maintenance and remodeling of mammalian ER–plasma membrane junctions competent for STIM–ORAI signaling

Anjana Rao, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2015, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

An siRNA screen for NFAT activation identifies septins as coordinators of store-operated Ca2+ entry

Marcel Mettlen, R. Nilsson, Mohit M. Jain, 2013, Nature.

Molecular basis of calcium signaling in lymphocytes: STIM and ORAI.

P. Hogan, A. Rao, Richard S Lewis, 2010, Annual review of immunology.

Advanced donor-origin melanoma in a renal transplant recipient: immunotherapy, cure, and retransplantation.

P. Hogan, C. Hawley, R. Rigby, 1998, Transplantation.

Store-operated calcium entry: Mechanisms and modulation.

P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2015, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

Identification of a B2 bradykinin receptor expressed by PC12 pheochromocytoma cells.

J. Nardone, P. Hogan, C. Gerald, 1994, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Initial activation of STIM1, the regulator of store-operated calcium entry

M. Ikura, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2013, Nature Structural &Molecular Biology.

STIM1 gates the store-operated calcium channel ORAI1 in vitro

P. Hogan, A. Rao, P. Meraner, 2010, Nature Structural &Molecular Biology.

Selective inhibition of NFAT activation by a peptide spanning the calcineurin targeting site of NFAT.

H. Okamura, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 1998, Molecular cell.

Household versus individual approaches to eradication of community-associated Staphylococcus aureus in children: a randomized trial.

P. Hogan, V. Fraser, J. Garbutt, 2012, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Molecular identification of a major retinoic-acid-synthesizing enzyme, a retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase.

U. Dräger, R. Neve, P. Hogan, 1996, European journal of biochemistry.

Some rat sensory neurons in cultur differentiated pain sensory cells (trigeminal ganglion neurons/capsaicin/bradykinin/prostaglandin I

P. Hogan, P. I. Baccaglini, 2016 .

Orai1 is an essential pore subunit of the CRAC channel

Y. Gwack, S. Srikanth, S. Feske, 2006, Nature.

Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Orai Proteins*

Y. Gwack, S. Srikanth, S. Feske, 2007, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

Proteomic mapping of ER-PM junctions identifies STIMATE as regulator of Ca2+ influx

Liangyi Chen, Yun Huang, Guolin Ma, 2015, Nature Cell Biology.

Pore architecture of the ORAI1 store-operated calcium channel

P. Hogan, A. Rao, Yubin Zhou, 2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

ORAI1 calcium channel orchestrates skin homeostasis

P. Hogan, A. Rao, D. Gordienko, 2013, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Exhaustion-associated regulatory regions in CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cells

A. Hoffmann, R. Spreafico, P. Hogan, 2017, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

BATF and IRF4 cooperate to counter exhaustion in tumor-infiltrating CAR T cells

P. Hogan, A. Rao, C. Lio, 2021, Nature Immunology.

L-type Ca2+ channel blockers promote vascular remodeling through activation of STIM proteins

P. Hogan, N. Hempel, M. Trebak, 2020, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Dual functions for the endoplasmic reticulum calcium sensors STIM1 and STIM2 in T cell activation and tolerance

E. Lamperti, Sonia Sharma, S. Feske, 2008, Nature Immunology.

Structure of calcineurin in complex with PVIVIT peptide: portrait of a low-affinity signalling interaction.

S. Harrison, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2007, Journal of molecular biology.

Structural delineation of the calcineurin-NFAT interaction and its parallels to PP1 targeting interactions.

P. Hogan, A. Rao, Huiming Li, 2004, Journal of molecular biology.

Near-infrared photoactivatable control of Ca2+ signaling and optogenetic immunomodulation

Yun Huang, Guolin Ma, Lian He, 2015, eLife.

The Ca2+–calcineurin–NFAT signalling pathway

S. Feske, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2007 .

Calcium signaling in cells of the immune and hematopoietic systems

P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2009, Immunological reviews.

Some rat sensory neurons in culture express characteristics of differentiated pain sensory cells.

P. Hogan, P I Baccaglini, P G Hogan, 1983, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Phenotypic Variation Is Almost Entirely Independent of the Host-Pathogen Relationship in Clinical Isolates of S. aureus

P. Hogan, P. Levin, S. Fritz, 2015, PloS one.

Environmental Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Contamination, Persistent Colonization, and Subsequent Skin and Soft Tissue Infection.

J. J. Morelli, A. Rzhetsky, S. Gehlert, 2020, JAMA pediatrics.

Interplay of personal, pet, and environmental colonization in households affected by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

J. J. Morelli, A. Rzhetsky, S. Gehlert, 2019, The Journal of infection.

Emergency Department Environmental Contamination With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus After Care of Colonized Patients.

P. Hogan, S. Munigala, S. Liang, 2019, Annals of emergency medicine.

Emergency department environmental contamination with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus following care of colonized patients

P. Hogan, S. Munigala, S. Liang, 2019 .

InfectionsSkin and Soft Tissue Staphylococcus aureus in Patients with Mupirocin and Chlorhexidine Resistance in

P. Hogan, C. Burnham, B. Camins, 2014 .

Running Title: S. aureus Mupirocin and Chlorhexidine Resistance

P. Hogan, C. Burnham, B. Camins, 2012 .

Dephosphorylation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcription factor is regulated by an RNA-protein scaffold complex

Sonia Sharma, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

An asymmetric NFAT1 dimer on a pseudo-palindromic κB-like DNA site

S. Harrison, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2003, Nature Structural Biology.

Hair Loss and Defective T- and B-Cell Function in Mice Lacking ORAI1

K. Rajewsky, E. Lamperti, Y. Gwack, 2008, Molecular and Cellular Biology.

Dissecting ICRAC, a store-operated calcium current.

P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2007, Trends in biochemical sciences.

Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of T cell hyporesponsiveness

P. Hogan, A. Rao, R. M. Pereira, 2017, Journal of leukocyte biology.

Calcium-NFAT transcriptional signalling in T cell activation and T cell exhaustion.

P. Hogan, 2017, Cell calcium.

Molecular cloning of a complementary deoxyribonucleic acid encoding the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor and regulation of its messenger ribonucleic acid in rat GH cells.

P. Hogan, A. Tashjian, W. Chin, 1992, Endocrinology.

Requirement for balanced Ca/NFAT signaling in hematopoietic and embryonic development

K. Rajewsky, E. Lamperti, Derrick J. Rossi, 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Domain Architecture of the Regulators of Calcineurin (RCANs) and Identification of a Divergent RCAN in Yeast

P. Hogan, Sohum Mehta, K. Cunningham, 2009, Molecular and Cellular Biology.

Expression of the transcription factor NFATp in a neuronal cell line and in the murine nervous system.

P. Hogan, A. Rao, J. Jain, 1994, The Journal of biological chemistry.

Septins organize endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane junctions for STIM1-ORAI1 calcium signalling

P. Hogan, Zachary B Katz, B. Lillemeier, 2019, Scientific Reports.

Targeting the NFAT:AP-1 transcriptional complex on DNA with a small-molecule inhibitor

R. Spreafico, R. Damoiseaux, P. Hogan, 2019, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Recombinant NFAT1 (NFATp) is regulated by calcineurin in T cells and mediates transcription of several cytokine genes

William Arbuthnot Sir Lane, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 1996, Molecular and cellular biology.

Topical Decolonization Does Not Eradicate the Skin Microbiota of Community-Dwelling or Hospitalized Adults

Meghan A. Wallace, W. Shannon, D. Warren, 2016, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

Ca2+/calcineurin signalling in cells of the immune system.

H. Okamura, S. Feske, P. Hogan, 2003, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

A conserved docking site modulates substrate affinity for calcineurin, signaling output, and in vivo function.

M. Cyert, Jagoree Roy, P. Hogan, 2007, Molecular cell.

Inhibition of the Calcineurin-NFAT Interaction by Small Organic Molecules Reflects Binding at an Allosteric Site*

P. Hogan, A. Rao, Sunghyun Kang, 2005, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

Balanced interactions of calcineurin with AKAP79 regulate Ca2+–calcineurin–NFAT signaling

P. Hogan, A. Stein, Huiming Li, 2012, Nature Structural &Molecular Biology.

Subcellular Localization and Activity of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 7 (MKK7) γ Isoform are Regulated through Binding to the Phosphatase Calcineurin

P. Hogan, L. Heasley, R. Nemenoff, 2018, Molecular Pharmacology.

The STIM1-ORAI1 microdomain.

P. Hogan, Patrick G Hogan, 2015, Cell calcium.

STIM-ORAI interactions that control the CRAC channel.

P. Hogan, Yubin Zhou, Aparna Gudlur, 2013, Current topics in membranes.

Sphingomyelin, ORAI1 channels, and cellular Ca2+ signaling

P. Hogan, 2015, The Journal of general physiology.

Incidence and treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in hospitalized children with Ehrlichia infection

P. Hogan, J. Bednarski, D. Hunstad, 2020, Pediatric blood & cancer.

STIM calcium sensing and conformational change

P. Hogan, A. E. Zeraik, Nupura Hirve, 2020, The Journal of physiology.

The STIM-Orai Pathway: Orai, the Pore-Forming Subunit of the CRAC Channel.

P. Hogan, Aparna Gudlur, 2017, Advances in experimental medicine and biology.

Insights into CRAC channel gating and ion permeation

P. Hogan, 2012, Cell Research.

6.9 STIM1-ORAI1 Store-Operated Calcium Channels

P. Hogan, 2012 .

The STIM-Orai Pathway

P. Hogan, 2012 .

Selective inhibition of calcineurin-NFAT signaling by blocking protein-protein interaction with small organic molecules.

G. Wagner, P. Hogan, A. Rao, 2004, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Impact of Systemic Antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus Colonization and Recurrent Skin Infection

P. Hogan, Allison Spenner, S. Fritz, 2018, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Measurement and Impact of Staphylococcus aureus Colonization Pressure in Households.

Melissa J. Krauss, D. Warren, P. Hogan, 2013, Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society.

Staphylococcus aureus colonization in children with community-associated Staphylococcus aureus skin infections and their household contacts.

Melissa J. Krauss, P. Hogan, M. Krauss, 2012, Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine.

The Impact of Infectious Diseases Consultation for Children with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

J. J. Morelli, P. Hogan, A. Butler, 2022, Pediatric Research.

Practices and Procedures to Prevent the Transmission of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in High School Athletes

P. Hogan, C. Gaebelein, S. Fritz, 2012, The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses.

Comparing the Yield of Staphylococcus aureus Recovery with Static versus Agitated Broth Incubation

P. Hogan, C. Burnham, S. Fritz, 2018, Journal of pathogens.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) Isolates Recovered from Humans, Environmental Surfaces, and Companion Animals in Households of Children with Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) Infections

J. J. Morelli, P. Hogan, C. Burnham, 2015 .

Factors associated with progression to infection in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-colonized, critically ill neonates

P. Hogan, B. Warner, S. Fritz, 2021, Journal of Perinatology.

Muscle activity decreases rate of degradation of α-bungarotoxin bound to extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors

P. Hogan, Z. Hall, J. Marshall, 1976, Nature.

Interaction of calcineurin with a domain of the transcription factor NFAT1 that controls nuclear import.

P. Hogan, A. Rao, J. Aramburu, 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Signaling ER Store Depletion to Plasma Membrane Orai Channels

P. Hogan, Aparna Gudlur, 2017 .

Factors influencing degradation of extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors in skeletal muscle.

P. Hogan, Z. Hall, J. Marshall, 1977, Progress in clinical and biological research.

ORAI Store-Operated Calcium Channel

P. Hogan, A. Rao, Yubin Zhou, 2013 .

Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Pediatric Patients: Uncovering a Rural Health Challenge

J. J. Morelli, P. Hogan, J. Newland, 2023, Open forum infectious diseases.

Contamination of environmental surfaces with Staphylococcus aureus in households with children infected with methicillin-resistant S aureus.

P. Hogan, V. Fraser, C. Burnham, 2014, JAMA pediatrics.

Interaction of calcineurin with substrates and targeting proteins.

P. Hogan, A. Rao, Huiming Li, 2011, Trends in cell biology.

Calcium sensing by the STIM1 ER-luminal domain

E. Komives, P. Hogan, A. Bobkov, 2018, Nature Communications.