P. Fine

A. Crampin, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2004, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

Interferon‐γ and skin test responses of schoolchildren in southeast England to purified protein derivatives from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other species of mycobacteria

H. Dockrell, P. Fine, G. Black, 2003, Clinical and experimental immunology.

Patterns of helminth infection and relationship to BCG vaccination in Karonga District, northern Malawi.

A. Crampin, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2002, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Lymphatic filariasis in the Karonga district of northern Malawi: a prevalence survey

A. Crampin, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2002, Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology.

Patterns and implications of naturally acquired immune responses to environmental and tuberculous mycobacterial antigens in northern Malawi.

A. Crampin, H. Dockrell, P. Fine, 2001, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Tuberculosis: associations with HIV and socioeconomic status in rural Malawi.

A. Crampin, P. Fine, P. Fine, 2000, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Issues relating to the use of BCG in immunization programmes A discussion document

P. Fine, J. Milstien, I. Carneiro, 1999 .

South Indian leprosy vaccine trial: important lessons for mycobacterial immunology.

P. Fine, 1999, Leprosy review.

The effect of heterologous immunity upon the apparent efficacy of (e.g. BCG) vaccines.

E. Vynnycky, P. Fine, P. Fine, 1998, Vaccine.

The impact of HIV on morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: a study of rural Malawi and review of the literature

P. Fine, J. Glynn, D. Warndorff, 1997 .

Is HIV infection a risk factor for leprosy?

J. Sterne, P. Fine, P. Fine, 1991, International journal of leprosy and other mycobacterial diseases : official organ of the International Leprosy Association.

Reflections on the elimination of leprosy.

P. Fine, 1992, International journal of leprosy and other mycobacterial diseases : official organ of the International Leprosy Association.

The Karonga Prevention Trial: a leprosy and tuberculosis vaccine trial in northern Malaŵi. I. Methods of the vaccination phase.

M. Pike, J. Sterne, P. Fine, 1993, Leprosy review.

Interpreting the decline in tuberculosis: the role of secular trends in effective contact.

P E Fine, E. Vynnycky, P. Fine, 1999, International journal of epidemiology.

The annual risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in England and Wales since 1901.

E. Vynnycky, P. Fine, 1997, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

Use of Antenatal Clinic Surveillance to Assess the Effect of Sexual Behavior on HIV Prevalence in Young Women in Karonga District, Malawi

A. Crampin, A. Jahn, P. Fine, 2008, Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes.

Recurrent TB: relapse or reinfection? The effect of HIV in a general population cohort in Malawi

A. Crampin, P. Fine, K. Munthali, 2010, AIDS.

Impact of foot-and-mouth disease on milk production on a large-scale dairy farm in Kenya.

J. Rushton, P. Fine, K. Stärk, 2015, Preventive veterinary medicine.

BCG: The Challenge Continues

P. Fine, 2001, Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases.

Mumps outbreak in a highly vaccinated population.

Laura H. Kahn, E. Zell, P. Fine, 1991, The Journal of pediatrics.

Time delays between patient and laboratory selectively affect accuracy of helminth diagnosis.

A. Crampin, P. Fine, S. Floyd, 2007, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Estimating the need for antiretroviral treatment and an assessment of a simplified HIV/AIDS case definition in rural Malawi

N. McGrath, A. Crampin, A. Jahn, 2007, AIDS.

Poliomyelitis: very small risks and very large risks

P. Fine, 2004, The Lancet Neurology.

Disseminated bacille Calmette-Guérin disease in HIV-infected South African infants.

B. Eley, P. Fine, H. Jaspan, 2009, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Control of (Multi)Drug Resistance and Tuberculosis Incidence over 23 Years in the Context of a Well-Supported Tuberculosis Programme in Rural Malawi

N. French, A. Crampin, P. Fine, 2013, PloS one.

HIV increases the risk of tuberculosis due to recent re-infection in individuals with latent infection

N. French, A. Crampin, P. Fine, 2012 .

Human immunodeficiency virus increases the risk of tuberculosis due to recent re-infection in individuals with latent infection.

N. French, A. Crampin, P. Fine, 2010, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

Large-scale candidate gene study of tuberculosis susceptibility in the Karonga district of northern Malawi.

A. Crampin, P. Fine, A. Hill, 2004, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

A case control study on human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection as a risk factor for tuberculosis and leprosy in western Kenya.

P. Fine, S. Lucas, S. Lucas, 1993, Tubercle and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

Environmental mycobacteria in northern Malawi: implications for the epidemiology of tuberculosis and leprosy

P. Fine, S. Floyd, M. Yates, 2001, Epidemiology and Infection.

HLA-linked genes and leprosy: a family study in Karigiri, South India.

P. Fine, J. Pritchard, B. Watson, 1979, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Population differences in death rates in HIV-positive patients with tuberculosis.

Alimuddin Zumla, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2007, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

Genome-wide association analyses identifies a susceptibility locus for tuberculosis on chromosome 18 q 11 . 2

A. Morris, S. Wong, M. Newport, 2019 .

Herpes simplex virus type 2 trends in relation to the HIV epidemic in northern Malawi

A. Crampin, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2008, Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Assessment and evaluation of contact as a risk factor for tuberculosis in rural Africa.

A. Crampin, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2008, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

BCG vaccination against tuberculosis and leprosy.

P. Fine, P E M Fine, 1988, British medical bulletin.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype, Northern Malawi

A. Crampin, P. Fine, F. Drobniewski, 2005, Emerging infectious diseases.

Changes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genotype Families Over 20 Years in a Population-Based Study in Northern Malawi

N. French, A. Crampin, P. Fine, 2010, PloS one.

Evaluation of a village-informant driven demographic surveillance system in Karonga, Northern Malawi

N. McGrath, A. Crampin, A. Jahn, 2007 .

Kinetics of delayed-type hypersensitivity to tuberculin induced by bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination in northern Malawi.

P. Fine, S. Floyd, L. Bliss, 2002, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Long-term follow-up of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in rural Malawi

A. Crampin, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2002, AIDS.

Field-based random sampling without a sampling frame: control selection for a case-control study in rural Africa.

A. Crampin, P. Fine, J. Glynn, 2001, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

The Lepra Evaluation Project (LEP), an epidemiological study of leprosy in Northern Malaŵi. I. Methods.

P. Fine, R. Rees, D. J. Bradley, 1987, Leprosy review.

Effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccines Administered According to Various Schedules: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Data

C. Jackson, P. Mangtani, P. Fine, 2013, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.

Tuberculin sensitivity: conversions and reversions in a rural African population.

E. Vynnycky, P. Fine, J. Ponnighaus, 1999, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

The BCG story: lessons from the past and implications for the future.

P. Fine, 1989, Reviews of infectious diseases.

Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis reduces mortality in human immunodeficiency virus-positive tuberculosis patients in Karonga District, Malawi.

A. Crampin, A. Harries, P. Fine, 2004, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Comparison of two versus three smears in identifying culture-positive tuberculosis patients in a rural African setting with high HIV prevalence.

Glynn, A. Crampin, P. Fine, 2001, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

Epidemiological studies of the ‘non‐specific effects’ of vaccines: I – data collection in observational studies

Peter G. Smith, L. Moulton, P. Fine, 2009, Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH.

BCG: myths, realities, and the need for alternative vaccine strategies.

W. Jacobs, S. Reed, M. Behr, 2012, Tuberculosis.

Complex cytokine profiles induced by BCG vaccination in UK infants

H. Dockrell, P. Fine, Steven G. Smith, 2010, Vaccine.

Trends in antituberculosis drug resistance in Karonga District, Malawi, 1986-1998.

P. Fine, F. Drobniewski, B. Ngwira, 2000, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

Trends and measurement of HIV prevalence in northern Malawi

A. Crampin, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2003, AIDS.

The long-term impact of HIV and orphanhood on the mortality and physical well-being of children in rural Malawi

N. Madise, A. Crampin, P. Fine, 2003, AIDS.

Mortality reduction benefits and intussusception risks of rotavirus vaccination in 135 low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling analysis of current and alternative schedules

M. Jit, J. Tate, K. van Zandvoort, 2019, The Lancet. Global health.

Duration of live measles vaccine-induced immunity.

P. Fine, W. Orenstein, L. Markowitz, 1990, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.

Declining child mortality in northern Malawi despite high rates of infection with HIV.

N. McGrath, A. Crampin, A. Jahn, 2010, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccines: a rough guide.

P. Fine, Paul E. M. Fine, 1995, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Genome-wide association study of leprosy in Malawi and Mali

K. Rockett, O. Toure, O. Doumbo, 2022, PLoS pathogens.

Reply to Kernodle and von Reyn.

J. Sterne, P. Mangtani, P. Fine, 2014, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

BCG Vaccination Induces Different Cytokine Profiles Following Infant BCG Vaccination in the UK and Malawi

M. Newport, N. McGrath, A. Crampin, 2011, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Large-scale candidate gene study of leprosy susceptibility in the Karonga district of northern Malawi.

A. Crampin, P. Fine, A. Hill, 2004, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

Immunogenetics of susceptibility to leprosy, tuberculosis, and leishmaniasis. An epidemiological perspective.

P. Fine, 1981, International journal of leprosy and other mycobacterial diseases : official organ of the International Leprosy Association.

Leprosy: the epidemiology of a slow bacterium.

P. Fine, 1982, Epidemiologic reviews.

Problems in the collection and analysis of data in leprosy studies.

P. Fine, 1981, Leprosy review.

Population differences in immune responses to Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination in infancy.

M. Newport, N. McGrath, A. Crampin, 2009, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Commentary: an unexpected finding that needs confirmation or rejection.

P. Fine, 2000, BMJ.

BCG Vaccination: A Role for Vitamin D?

H. Dockrell, P. Fine, M. Lalor, 2011, PloS one.

Mycobacterial diseases

P. Fine, L. Rodrigues, P. Fine, 1990, The Lancet.

The risk of disseminated Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) disease in HIV-infected children.

R. Gie, P. Fine, N. Beyers, 2007, Vaccine.

Human monkeypox – After 40 years, an unintended consequence of smallpox eradication

W. Edmunds, P. Fine, D. Heymann, 2020, Vaccine.

Stopping a polio outbreak in the post-eradication era.

P. Fine, R. Sutter, W. Orenstein, 2001, Developments in biologicals.

Poliomyelitis Eradication--a Dangerous Endgame

P. Fine, N. Nathanson, 2002, Science.

Virology. Poliomyelitis eradication--a dangerous endgame.

P. Fine, N. Nathanson, 2002, Science.

Gaps in our knowledge about transmission of vaccine-derived polioviruses.

P. Fine, 2000, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Safety of measles vaccines

P. Fine, 1993 .

Estimating the Extent of Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Infection

P. Fine, R. Sutter, O. Kew, 2008, PloS one.

Non-specific “non-effects” of vaccination

P. Fine, 2004, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

Crohn's disease and measles

P. Fine, Peter E. Jones, Saddaf Piracha, 1997, The Lancet.

Non-specific effects of vaccines: in context

P. Fine, D. Elliman, 2010, Archives of Disease in Childhood.

BCG and HIV reconsidered: moving the research agenda forward.

R. Gie, P. Fine, L. Kuhn, 2007, Vaccine.

Genome-wide association analyses identifies a susceptibility locus for tuberculosis on chromosome 18q11.2

A. Morris, S. Wong, D. Kwiatkowski, 2010, Nature Genetics.

Implications of different study designs for the evaluation of acellular pertussis vaccines.

P. Fine, 1997, Developments in biological standardization.

Married to M. tuberculosis: risk of infection and disease in spouses of smear‐positive tuberculosis patients

A. Crampin, P. Fine, S. Floyd, 2011, Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH.

Human monkeypox – After 40 years, an unintended consequence of smallpox eradication

W. Edmunds, P. Fine, D. Heymann, 2020, Vaccine.

Polio: measuring the protection that matters most.

P. Fine, 2009, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Mathematical models of schistosomiasis: report of a workshop.

P. Fine, J. S. Lehman, 1977, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

Leprosy and the Adaptation of Human Toll-Like Receptor 1

D. Malhotra, H. Hakonarson, Cecilia Kim, 2010, PLoS pathogens.

Tuberculosis Transmission Attributable to Close Contacts and HIV Status, Malawi

F. Drobniewski, A. Crampin, P. Fine, 2006, Emerging infectious diseases.

"Herd immunity": a rough guide.

Ken Eames, David L Heymann, K. Eames, 2011, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the current evidence on the duration of protection by bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination against tuberculosis.

P. Whiting, E. Vynnycky, P. Mangtani, 2013, Health technology assessment.

The Control of Infectious Disease Group Report

D. J. Bradley, H. P. R. Seeliger, E. G. Knox, 1982 .

A commentary on the mechanical analogue to the Reed-Frost epidemic model.

P E Fine, P. Fine, 1977, American journal of epidemiology.

Reviews and Commentary A COMMENTARY ON THE MECHANICAL ANALOGUE TO THE REED-FROST EPIDEMIC MODEL1

P. Fine, 1977 .

Estimating the extent of household contact misclassification with index cases of disease in longitudinal studies using a stochastic simulation model

P. Fine, S. Floyd, T. Chirwa, 2013, Global health action.

Correlates of vaccine-induced protection: methods and implications

P. Fine, Sara L. Thomas, Patrick Nguipdop-Djomo, 2013 .

Sensitivity and specificity of PCR for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a blind comparison study among seven laboratories

A H Kolk, P E Fine, P Godfrey-Faussett, 1994, Journal of clinical microbiology.

Differences between naive and memory T cell phenotype in Malawian and UK adolescents: a role for Cytomegalovirus?

A. Crampin, H. Dockrell, P. Fine, 2008, BMC infectious diseases.

The transmission potential of monkeypox virus in human populations.

P E Fine, Z Jezek, B Grab, 1988, International journal of epidemiology.

Vertical Transmission of Pathogens of Invertebrates

P. Fine, 1984 .

Leprosy: what is being "eliminated"?

P. Fine, 2007, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Eliminating leprosy as a public health problem--is the optimism justified?

P. Fine, M. Lechat, P. Feenstra, 1996, World health forum.

Global leprosy statistics: a cause for pride, or frustration?

P. Fine, 2006, Leprosy review.

Extent, origin, and implications of observer variation in the histopathological diagnosis of suspected leprosy.

J. Sterne, P. Fine, S. Lucas, 1993, International journal of leprosy and other mycobacterial diseases : official organ of the International Leprosy Association.

Type 1 reaction, neuritis and disability in leprosy. What is the current epidemiological situation?

P. Fine, C. Lienhardt, 1994, Leprosy review.

Gamma Interferon Responses Induced by a Panel of Recombinant and Purified Mycobacterial Antigens in Healthy, Non-Mycobacterium bovis BCG-Vaccinated Malawian Young Adults

Mahavir Singh, A. Crampin, H. Dockrell, 2003, Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology.

Foresight. Infectious Diseases: preparing for the future: Executive Summary

R. Kovats, P. Wilkinson, Peter G. Smith, 2006 .

Landscape analysis of interactions between nutrition and vaccine responses in children.

A. Prentice, K. Edmond, P. Fine, 2009, The Journal of nutrition.

The development of the HIV epidemic in Karonga District, Malawi

A. Crampin, P. Fine, J. Glynn, 2001, AIDS.

Protection by BCG vaccine against tuberculosis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

J. Sterne, P. Whiting, Peter G. Smith, 2014, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Implications of genetics for the epidemiology and control of leprosy.

P. Fine, 1988, Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.

Efficacy of BCG vaccine against leprosy and tuberculosis in northern Malawi

L. Bliss, P. Fine, S. Lucas, 1992, The Lancet.

77 – Community Protection

W. Edmunds, J. Scott, P. Fine, 2018 .

71 – Community immunity

P. Fine, K. Mulholland, 2013 .

Analysis of family history data for evidence of non-Mendelian inheritance resulting from vertical transmission.

P. Fine, 1977, Journal of medical genetics.

BCG scars in northern Malawi: sensitivity and repeatability of scar reading, and factors affecting scar size.

P. Fine, P. Fine, S. Floyd, 2000, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

The natural history of tuberculosis: the implications of age-dependent risks of disease and the role of reinfection

P E Fine, E. Vynnycky, P. Fine, 1997, Epidemiology and Infection.

Background paper: Applications of mathematical models to the epidemiology of influenza: a critique

P. Fine, Paul Fine, 1982 .

Implication of New WHO Growth Standards on Identification of Risk Factors and Estimated Prevalence of Malnutrition in Rural Malawian Infants

N. McGrath, A. Crampin, A. Jahn, 2008, PloS one.

Leprosy by the year 2000--what is being eliminated?

P. Fine, D. Warndorff, 1997, Leprosy review.

A general simulation model for genetic control of mosquito species that fluctuate markedly in population size.

M. M. Milby, W. Reeves, P. Fine, 1979, Journal of medical entomology.

Population-level effect of HIV on adult mortality and early evidence of reversal after introduction of antiretroviral therapy in Malawi

N. McGrath, A. Crampin, A. Jahn, 2008, The Lancet.

Measles eradication: past is prologue

A. Hall, P. Fine, D. Heymann, 2010, The Lancet.

The social and economic impact of parental HIV on children in northern Malawi: Retrospective population-based cohort study

A. Crampin, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2007, AIDS care.

Patterns and trends of leprosy in Mexico: 1989-2009.

P. Fine, Maria Rupérez Larrea, Maria Cristina Carreño, 2012, Leprosy review.

The BCG Experience: Implications for Future Vaccines against Tuberculosis

P. Fine, B. Bloom, 1994 .

On the dynamics of symbiote-dependent cytoplasmic incompatibility in culicine mosquitoes.

P. Fine, P. Fine, 1978, Journal of invertebrate pathology.

The duration of protection of school-aged BCG vaccination in England: a population-based case-control study.

J. Sterne, R. Keogh, Peter G. Smith, 2018, International journal of epidemiology.

CISH and susceptibility to infectious diseases.

S. Wong, J. Sung, D. Kwiatkowski, 2010, The New England journal of medicine.

The PPD-specific T-cell clonal response in UK and Malawian subjects following BCG vaccination: a new repertoire evolves over 12 months.

A. Crampin, H. Dockrell, P. Fine, 2006, Vaccine.

The long‐term social and economic impact of HIV on the spouses of infected individuals in northern Malawi

A. Crampin, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2008, Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH.

Type 1 reac tion, neuritis and dis ability in lepr osy. What is the current epideini ological situat ion?

P. Fine, C. Lienhardt, 1994 .

Profile: The Karonga Health and Demographic Surveillance System

Basia Zaba, Angela Baschieri, Nuala McGrath, 2012, International journal of epidemiology.

Lifetime risks, incubation period, and serial interval of tuberculosis.

P E Fine, E. Vynnycky, P. Fine, 2000, American journal of epidemiology.

Risk of infection in patients with lymphoma receiving rituximab: systematic review and meta-analysis

G. Ippolito, P. Fine, C. Kibbler, 2011, BMC medicine.

The effect of age and study duration on the relationship between ‘clustering’ of DNA fingerprint patterns and the proportion of tuberculosis disease attributable to recent transmission

N. Nagelkerke, E. Vynnycky, D. van Soolingen, 2001, Epidemiology and Infection.

Influence of sampling on estimates of clustering and recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis derived from DNA fingerprinting techniques.

E. Vynnycky, P. Fine, P. Fine, 1999, American journal of epidemiology.

No Association between Prenatal Viral Infection and Depression in Later Life—A Long-Term Cohort Study of 6152 Subjects

Peter B. Jones, P. Fine, D. Pang, 2009, Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie.

Vaccines, genes and trials.

P. Fine, 1998, Novartis Foundation symposium.

Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in primary and secondary school students and staff in England in the 2020/2021 school year: a longitudinal study

S. Langan, T. Clark, P. Mangtani, 2023, International Journal of Infectious Diseases.

What has Karonga taught us? Tuberculosis studied over three decades.

A. Crampin, P. Fine, J. Glynn, 2009, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

Mapping of a novel susceptibility locus suggests a role for MC3R and CTSZ in human tuberculosis.

G. Sirugo, G. Cooke, P. V. van Helden, 2008, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

Early Evolution of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Epidemic in Rural Malawi

G. McCormack, A. Crampin, P. Fine, 2002, Journal of Virology.

Timing and Reconstruction of the Most Recent Common Ancestor of the Subtype C Clade of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Simon A. A. Travers, J. McInerney, S. Travers, 2004, Journal of Virology.

What happens to ART-eligible patients who do not start ART? Dropout between screening and ART initiation: a cohort study in Karonga, Malawi

N. McGrath, A. Crampin, A. Jahn, 2010, BMC public health.

'Environmental' sources of Mycobacterium leprae: issues and evidence.

P. Fine, R. Truman, 2010, Leprosy review.

The singular science of John Snow

N. Paneth, P. Fine, 2013, The Lancet.

Autochthonous leprosy in Spain: Has the transmission of Mycobacterium leprae stopped?

P. Fine, D. Gómez-Barroso, I. Suárez-García, 2020, PLoS neglected tropical diseases.

Can ITN distribution policies increase children’s ITN use? A DHS analysis

J. Lines, P. Fine, K. Theiss-Nyland, 2019, Malaria Journal.

THE RECURRENCE OF WHOOPING COUGH: POSSIBLE IMPLICATIONS FOR ASSESSMENT OF VACCINE EFFICACY

P. Fine, J. Clarkson, Paul E. M. Fine, 1982, The Lancet.

The efficacy of pertussis vaccines under conditions of household exposure. Further analysis of the 1978-80 PHLS/ERL study in 21 area health authorities in England.

P E Fine, P. Fine, J. Clarkson, 1988, International journal of epidemiology.

Documenting the decline of leprosy in Europe: The example of Northern Portugal

P. Fine, G. Gonçalves, I. Andrade, 2020 .

HLA-A, B and C antigens in South Indian families with leprosy.

P. Fine, J. Pritchard, B. Watson, 2008, Tissue antigens.

Polio control after certification: major issues outstanding.

P. Fine, R. Sutter, G. Oblapenko, 2004, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Confounding in studies of adverse reactions to vaccines.

P. Fine, R. Chen, Robert Chen, 1992, American journal of epidemiology.

Immunogenicity of Danish-SSI 1331 BCG vaccine in the UK: comparison with Glaxo-Evans 1077 BCG vaccine.

H. Dockrell, P. Fine, M. Lalor, 2006, Vaccine.

Trends in tuberculosis and the influence of HIV infection in northern Malawi, 1988–2001

A. Crampin, P. Fine, B. Ngwira, 2004, AIDS.

Adult pertussis: a salesman's dream--and an epidemiologist's nightmare.

P. Fine, 1997, Biologicals : journal of the International Association of Biological Standardization.

Risk factors for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in 2–4 year olds in a rural HIV-prevalent setting

A. Crampin, P. Fine, K. Fielding, 2016, The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

Perspective: Determinants of the Severity of Poliovirus Outbreaks in the Post Eradication Era

P. Fine, S. Ritchie, 2006, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

Global poliomyelitis eradication: status and implications

P. Fine, U. Griffiths, 2007, The Lancet.

Outbreaks in highly vaccinated populations: implications for studies of vaccine performance.

E. Zell, P. Fine, 1994, American journal of epidemiology.

Quantitative studies on Heterakis gallinarum infections in the common fowl, Gallus gallus L.

P. Fine, 1975, Journal of Helminthology.

Editorial: ‘Non‐specific effects of vaccines’– an important analytical insight, and call for a workshop

P. Fine, Peter G. Smith, 2006, Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH.

Mycobacterial Purified Protein Derivatives Stimulate Innate Immunity: Malawians Show Enhanced Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-10 Responses Compared to Those of Adolescents in the United Kingdom

J. Blackwell, A. Crampin, H. Dockrell, 2004, Infection and Immunity.

Caution—mortality ratios ahead

P. Fine, F. Cutts, 2003, The Lancet.

Emergence of a three codon deletion in gag p17 in HIV type 1 subtype C long-term survivors, and general population spread.

S. Travers, T. Keane, G. McCormack, 2006, AIDS research and human retroviruses.

Child Mortality in Rural Malawi: HIV Closes the Survival Gap between the Socio-Economic Strata

N. McGrath, A. Crampin, A. Jahn, 2010, PloS one.

Epidemiological analysis of an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (serotype SAT2) on a large dairy farm in Kenya using regular vaccination.

P. Fine, K. Stärk, N. Lyons, 2015, Acta tropica.

Segregation and linkage analyses of 72 leprosy pedigrees.

N. Morton, P. Fine, R. Haile, 1985, Human heredity.

DNA fingerprint changes in tuberculosis: reinfection, evolution, or laboratory error?

A. Crampin, P. Fine, F. Drobniewski, 2004, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Science and society: vaccines and public health.

P. Fine, Paul E. M. Fine, 2014, Public health.

Invited Commentary on “Herd Immunity: Basic Concept and Relevance to Public Health Immunization Practices”

P. Fine, 1995 .

Child mortality following standard, medium or high titre measles immunization in West Africa.

J. Sterne, H. Whittle, P. Fine, 1996, International journal of epidemiology.

Efficacy of leprosy vaccine

P. Fine, P. G. Smith, 1992, Nature.

Primary prevention of leprosy.

P. Fine, 1996, International journal of leprosy and other mycobacterial diseases : official organ of the International Leprosy Association.

The decline of leprosy in Japan: patterns and trends 1964-2008.

P. Fine, N. Ishii, S. Mori, 2009, Leprosy review.

The decline of autochthonous leprosy in the Valencia Region of Spain: patterns and trends 1940-2015

P. Fine, I. Suárez-García, J. Ramón, 2017 .

Impact of foot-and-mouth disease on mastitis and culling on a large-scale dairy farm in Kenya

J. Rushton, P. Fine, N. Lyons, 2015, Veterinary Research.

Comparison of bacillary indexes in slit-skin smears, skin and nerve biopsies; a study from Malawi.

J. Sterne, P. Fine, S. Lucas, 1997, International journal of leprosy and other mycobacterial diseases.

Measles in England and Wales--I: An analysis of factors underlying seasonal patterns.

P. Fine, P. Fine, J. Clarkson, 1982, International journal of epidemiology.

Controlling leprosy.

P. Fine, C. Lienhardt, 1992, BMJ.

Comparison of IFN-gamma responses to mycobacterial antigens as markers of response to BCG vaccination.

Mahavir Singh, H. Dockrell, P. Fine, 2008, Tuberculosis.

Profile: The Karonga Health and Demographic Surveillance System

N. McGrath, N. French, A. Molesworth, 2012, International journal of epidemiology.

Setting up HIV serology for the Karonga leprosy vaccine trial in Malaŵi.

J. Blackwell, P. Fine, P. Fine, 1991, Leprosy review.

ACTR1A has pleiotropic effects on risk of leprosy, inflammatory bowel disease and atopy

K. Rockett, O. Toure, O. Doumbo, 2022, medRxiv.

REFLECTIONS ON THE EFFICACY OF PERTUSSIS VACCINES

P. Fine, J. Clarkson, 1988 .

Use of Short Tandem Repeat Sequences to Study Mycobacterium leprae in Leprosy Patients in Malawi and India

D. Lockwood, P. Fine, D. Young, 2008, PLoS neglected tropical diseases.

Quantitative studies on the transmission of Parahistomonas wenrichi by ova of Heterakis gallinarum

P. Fine, 1975, Parasitology.

Protection by BCG vaccine against tuberculosis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

J. Sterne, P. Whiting, Peter G. Smith, 2014, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Observational study to estimate the changes in the effectiveness of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination with time since vaccination for preventing tuberculosis in the UK.

J. Sterne, R. Keogh, Peter G. Smith, 2017, Health technology assessment.

A major event for new tuberculosis vaccines

C. Dye, P. Fine, 2013, The Lancet.

Contribution of remote M.tuberculosis infection to tuberculosis disease: A 30-year population study

A. Crampin, P. Fine, J. Glynn, 2023, PloS one.

Individual, household and community factors associated with HIV test refusal in rural Malawi

N. McGrath, A. Crampin, A. Jahn, 2008, Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH.

BCG: The Challenge Continues

P. Fine, 2001 .

A better system for polio vaccination in developing countries.

P. Fine, 1980, British medical journal.

10. The spread of bacterial infection, the problem of herd immunity Topley WWC, Wilson GS. J Hyg 1923; 21: 243–249

P. Fine, 2005, Epidemiology and Infection.

HIV epidemic trend and antiretroviral treatment need in Karonga District, Malawi

Richard G. White, N. McGrath, E. Vynnycky, 2007, Epidemiology and Infection.

John Snow's legacy: epidemiology without borders

V. Patel, K. Rothman, R. Wortley, 2013, The Lancet.

Household and dwelling contact as risk factors for leprosy in northern Malawi.

J. Sterne, P. Fine, P. Fine, 1997, American journal of epidemiology.