L. Kachnic

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The Ability of p53 to Activate Downstream Genes p21 WAF1/cip1 and MDM2, and Cell Cycle Arrest following DNA Damage Is Delayed and Attenuated in scid Cells Deficient in the DNA-dependent Protein Kinase*

S. Powell, B. Wu, L. Kachnic, 1999, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

International consensus guidelines on Clinical Target Volume delineation in rectal cancer.

Karin Haustermans, Vincenzo Valentini, Claudio Coco, 2016, Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.

Roles of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in homologous recombination, DNA replication fidelity and the cellular response to ionizing radiation

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, 2003, Oncogene.

Randomized phase III trial to evaluate radiopharmaceuticals and zoledronic acid in the palliation of osteoblastic metastases from lung, breast, and prostate cancer: report of the NRG Oncology RTOG 0517 trial

L. Kachnic, C. Langer, L. Berk, 2018, Annals of Nuclear Medicine.

RTOG 0518: Randomized Phase III Trial to Evaluate Zoledronic Acid for Prevention of Osteoporosis and Associated Fractures in Prostate Cancer Patients

L. Kachnic, Harold Kim, E. Gore, 2013, Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Disease.

Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial of treating erectile dysfunction with sildenafil after radiotherapy and short-term androgen deprivation therapy: results of RTOG 0215.

H. Sandler, J. Speight, T. Pisansky, 2011, The journal of sexual medicine.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a β-hydroxyl β-methyl butyrate, glutamine, and arginine mixture for the treatment of cancer cachexia (RTOG 0122)

L. Kachnic, L. Berk, J. James, 2008, Supportive Care in Cancer.

Implications of previously undetected incidental findings on 3D CT simulation scans for radiation therapy.

L. Kachnic, M. Truong, R. Subramaniam, 2011, Practical radiation oncology.

An in-silico quality assurance study of contouring target volumes in thoracic tumors within a cooperative group setting☆

Charles R. Thomas, P. Okunieff, T. Guerrero, 2019, Clinical and translational radiation oncology.

The potential role of intensity modulated radiation therapy in the management of localized rectal cancer

L. Kachnic, N. Martin, A. Nawaz, 2008 .

Evolving Treatment Paradigm in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

L. Kachnic, Clayton A. Smith, 2018, Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN.

Evolving Role of Radiotherapy in the Management of Rectal Carcinoma.

L. Kachnic, Clayton A. Smith, 2017, Surgical oncology clinics of North America.

Adjuvant chemoradiation for localized rectal cancer: current trends and future directions.

L. Kachnic, 2007, Gastrointestinal cancer research : GCR.

Should preoperative or postoperative therapy be administered in the management of rectal cancer?

L. Kachnic, 2006, Seminars in oncology.

Challenges in the delivery of quality breast cancer care: initiation of adjuvant hormone therapy at an urban safety net hospital.

L. Kachnic, T. Battaglia, Sharon M. Bak, 2014, Journal of oncology practice.

Evaluating the Use of Patient-Reported Non-Routine Events in Pediatric and Radiation Oncology: A Pilot Study

Kathryn G. Tippey, M. Weinger, D. Friedman, 2018, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting.

Outcome Results of the 1996-1999 Patterns of Care Survey of the National Practice for Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy for Carcinoma of the Esophagus

M. Suntharalingam, C. Willet, D. Haller, 2005 .

Outcome results of the 1996-1999 patterns of care survey of the national practice for patients receiving radiation therapy for carcinoma of the esophagus.

M. Suntharalingam, C. Willet, D. Haller, 2003, Journal of Clinical Oncology.

Esophageal cancer: Outcomes of surgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and three‐dimension conformal radiotherapy

L. Kachnic, T. Chung, J. Neifeld, 2004, Journal of surgical oncology.

The national practice for patients receiving radiation therapy for carcinoma of the esophagus: results of the 1996-1999 Patterns of Care Study.

M. Suntharalingam, C. Willett, D. Haller, 2003, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Perceptions and practices regarding women's vaginal health following radiation therapy: A survey of radiation oncologists practicing in the United States.

L. Kachnic, D. Bruner, G. Russo, 2017, Practical radiation oncology.

Can ICAM modulation prevent lung injury from ionizing radiation?

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, 2002, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

Novel Radiation Approaches for the Treatment of Rectal Cancer: Where Are We Now?

L. Kachnic, A. Chakravarthy, N. Rana, 2016, Current Colorectal Cancer Reports.

Cancer clinical trial enrollment of diverse and underserved patients within an urban safety net hospital.

L. Kachnic, T. Battaglia, N. Ko, 2016, The Journal of community and supportive oncology.

BRCA1- and BRCA2-Deficient Cells Are Sensitive to Etoposide-Induced DNA Double-Strand Breaks via Topoisomerase II

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, Zhihui Feng, 2007 .

When Should Postoperative Radiochemotherapy Be Performed

L. Kachnic, J. Olsen, 2018 .

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy in the management of localized rectal cancer: the new standard.

L. Kachnic, T. Hong, 2007, Gastrointestinal cancer research : GCR.

Efficacy Endpoints of RTOG 0247: A Randomized Phase II Study of Neoadjuvant Radiation Therapy Plus Concurrent Capecitabine and Irinotecan or Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin for Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

B. Erickson, A. Rashid, C. Willett, 2015 .

Accomplishments in 2007 in the adjuvant treatment of rectal cancer.

L. Kachnic, R. Glynne-Jones, 2008, Gastrointestinal cancer research : GCR.

Advances in combined radiation therapy for the management of rectal cancer

H. Shih, C. Willett, L. Kachnic, 2003, Expert review of anticancer therapy.

Radiation therapy in the management of rectal cancer

C. Willett, L. Kachnic, Lisa A. Kachnic, 2001, Current opinion in oncology.

The role of radiation therapy to promote sphincter preservation in rectal cancer

C. Willett, L. Kachnic, 2001 .

Rectal cancer at the crossroads: the dilemma of clinically staged T3, N0, M0 disease.

D. Ryan, L. Kachnic, T. Hong, 2008, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

The association of age with acute toxicities in NRG oncology combined modality lower GI cancer trials.

R. Jagsi, J. Ajani, M. Ballo, 2021, Journal of geriatric oncology.

Acute gastrointestinal toxicity and tumor response with preoperative intensity modulated radiation therapy for rectal cancer.

A. Parekh, L. Kachnic, S. Cerda, 2013, Gastrointestinal cancer research : GCR.

Single‐fraction radiotherapy versus multifraction radiotherapy for palliation of painful vertebral bone metastases—Equivalent efficacy, less toxicity, more convenient

M. Suntharalingam, H. Sandler, L. Kachnic, 2013, Cancer.

Upper abdominal normal organ contouring guidelines and atlas: a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group consensus.

T. Kim, K. Goodman, L. Dawson, 2014, Practical radiation oncology.

Phase II trials of cetuximab (CX) plus cisplatin (CDDP), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and radiation (RT) in immunocompetent (ECOG 3205) and HIV-positive (AMC045) patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCAC): Safety and preliminary efficacy results.

P. Catalano, J. Palefsky, A. Benson, 2012 .

Two-year outcomes of RTOG 0529: A phase II evaluation of dose-painted IMRT in combination with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin-C for the reduction of acute morbidity in carcinoma of the anal canal.

P. Parikh, C. Willett, J. Esthappan, 2011, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Report from the SWOG Radiation Oncology Committee: Research Objectives Workshop 2017

Charles R. Thomas, P. Spellman, P. Okunieff, 2018, Clinical Cancer Research.

Preparing Your CV and Cover Letter

L. Kachnic, D. Horowitz, Cheng-Chia Wu, 2021 .

Impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection on node-negative T3 and T4 non-small cell lung cancer.

L. Kachnic, K. Zaner, H. Fernando, 2011, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Management of pouch neoplasia: consensus guidelines from the International Ileal Pouch Consortium.

M. Silverberg, W. Bemelman, O. Faiz, 2022, The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology.

Can patient comorbidities be included in clinical performance measures for radiation oncology?

R. Komaki, L. Kachnic, J. Wilson, 2014, Journal of Oncology Practice.

Accelerated superfractionated radiotherapy for inflammatory breast carcinoma: complete response predicts outcome and allows for breast conservation.

T. Smith, H. Bear, D. Wazer, 1999, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

American Board of Radiology Maintenance of Certification Program: Evolution to Better Serve Stakeholders.

L. Wilson, D. Shrieve, S. Hahn, 2016, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient cells are sensitive to etoposide-induced DNA double-strand breaks via topoisomerase II.

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, Zhihui Feng, 2005, Cancer research.

Long-term cosmetic outcomes and toxicities of proton beam therapy compared with photon-based 3-dimensional conformal accelerated partial-breast irradiation: a phase 1 trial.

Barbara L. Smith, M. Specht, A. Recht, 2014, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Bladder preservation by combined modality therapy for invasive bladder cancer.

A. Zietman, W. Shipley, L. Kachnic, 1997, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Intensity‐modulated radiotherapy improves survival and reduces treatment time in squamous cell carcinoma of the anus: A National Cancer Data Base study

L. Kachnic, J. Kharofa, J. Elson, 2018, Cancer.

The impact of concurrent granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor on quality of life in head and neck cancer patients: results of the randomized, placebo-controlled Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9901 trial

D. Brachman, K. Hoffman, R. Valicenti, 2014, Quality of Life Research.

Radiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

L. Kachnic, D. Horowitz, E. Buss, 2021, Seminars in oncology.

Adjuvant gemcitabine and concurrent radiation for patients with resected pancreatic cancer: a phase II study

J. Tepper, L. Kachnic, L. Case, 2006, British Journal of Cancer.

Lung dose-volume parameters and the risk of pneumonitis for patients treated with accelerated partial-breast irradiation using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.

A. Recht, A. Taghian, S. Powell, 2009, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Improvement in Patient-Reported Outcomes With Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy (RT) Compared With Standard RT: A Report From the NRG Oncology RTOG 1203 Study.

William Small, Yong Bae Kim, Spencer Thompson, 2020, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

RTOG 0247: A randomized phase II study of neoadjuvant capecitabine and irinotecan versus capecitabine and oxaliplatin with concurrent radiation therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer

A. Rashid, C. Willett, L. Kachnic, 2008 .

The Initial Report of Local Control on RTOG 0436: A Phase 3 Trial Evaluating the Addition of Cetuximab to Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Radiation for Patients With Esophageal Cancer Treated Without Surgery

M. Suntharalingam, A. Raben, A. Dicker, 2014 .

Ablative Radiotherapy for Patients With Inoperable Pancreas Cancer-Ready for Prime Time?

K. Goodman, L. Kachnic, D. Horowitz, 2021, JAMA oncology.

Expanded validation of the EPIC bowel and urinary domains for use in women with gynecologic cancer undergoing postoperative radiotherapy.

B. Yaremko, W. Small, D. Gaffney, 2019, Gynecologic oncology.

Pneumonectomy after high-dose radiation and concurrent chemotherapy for nonsmall cell lung cancer.

R. Shemin, T. Dipetrillo, L. Kachnic, 2006, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Reduces Patient-Reported Chronic Toxicity Compared With Conventional Pelvic Radiation Therapy: Updated Results of a Phase III Trial

D. D'Souza, D. Gaffney, L. Kachnic, 2022, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Preservation of Neurocognitive Function (NCF) with Conformal Avoidance of the Hippocampus during Whole-Brain Radiotherapy (HA-WBRT) for Brain Metastases: Preliminary Results of Phase III Trial NRG Oncology CC001

P. Brown, M. Mehta, W. Tomé, 2018, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.

How do cells repair DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, P. Anné, 1996 .

Randomized Clinical Trials in Localized Anal Cancer.

L. Kachnic, Clayton A. Smith, 2017, Surgical oncology clinics of North America.

Evolution and Management of Treatment-Related Toxicity in Anal Cancer.

L. Kachnic, B. Czito, E. Ludmir, 2017, Surgical oncology clinics of North America.

Dose-painted intensity-modulated radiation therapy for anal cancer: a multi-institutional report of acute toxicity and response to therapy.

D. Ryan, E. Kwak, L. Kachnic, 2010, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

The Development of an Umbrella Trial (PLATO) to Address Radiation Therapy Dose Questions in the Locoregional Management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anus

V. Goh, W. Gregory, Mark T Lee, 2016 .

Clinical Investigation : Breast Cancer External Beam Accelerated Partial-Breast Irradiation Using 32 Gy in 8 Twice-Daily Fractions : 5-Year Results of a Prospective Study

Barbara L. Smith, M. Specht, A. Recht, 2022 .

Lung Dose-Volume Parameters and the Risk of Pneumonitis for Patients Treated with Accelerated Partial-Breast Irradiation (APBI) using 3D Conformal Radiotherapy (3D-CRT)

A. Recht, A. Taghian, L. Kachnic, 2008 .

The radiotherapeutic management of breast cancer: treatment practice in the United States

A. Taghian, S. Powell, L. Kachnic, 2001 .

Long-term results of conformal radiotherapy for progressive airway amyloidosis.

G. Grillone, L. Kachnic, M. Truong, 2012, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Emerging applications of stereotactic radiotherapy in head and neck cancer.

L. Chin, G. Grillone, L. Kachnic, 2009, Neurosurgical focus.

Larry Emanuel Kun, March 10, 1946-May 27, 2018.

T. Merchant, H. Choy, S. Donaldson, 2019, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Postradiotherapy pelvic fractures: cause for concern or opportunity for future research?

W. Small, L. Kachnic, 2005, JAMA.

The association of age with acute toxicities in NRG oncology combined modality lower GI cancer trials.

R. Jagsi, J. Ajani, M. Ballo, 2019, Journal of geriatric oncology.

Trastuzumab with trimodality treatment for esophageal adenocarcinoma with HER2 overexpression: NRG Oncology/RTOG 1010.

D. Wigle, T. Dipetrillo, L. Kachnic, 2020 .

Association of Pretreatment Hippocampal Volume With Neurocognitive Function in Patients Treated With Hippocampal Avoidance Whole Brain Radiation Therapy for Brain Metastases: Secondary Analysis of NRG Oncology/RTOG 0933

Christopher J. Owen, P. Brown, M. Mehta, 2021, Advances in radiation oncology.

Anal cancer: progress on combined-modality and organ preservation.

Charles R. Thomas, E. Chan, L. Kachnic, 2009, Current problems in cancer.

Patient reported outcomes in NRG Oncology/RTOG 0938, evaluating two ultrahypofractionated regimens (UHR) for prostate cancer (CaP).

I. Kaplan, D. Beyer, H. Sandler, 2016 .

Moody D. Wharam Jr, MD, FACR, FASTRO, July 22, 1941-August 10, 2018.

R. Timmerman, T. DeWeese, S. Donaldson, 2019, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Lifestyle intervention in ovarian cancer enhanced survival (LIVES) study (NRG/GOG0225): Recruitment, retention and baseline characteristics of a randomized trial of diet and physical activity in ovarian cancer survivors.

D. Alberts, E. Ratner, L. Kachnic, 2023, Gynecologic oncology.

In Reply to Welsh et al.

D. Brenner, I. Shuryak, L. Kachnic, 2021, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.

Symptom frequency and severity in patients with metastatic or locally recurrent lung cancer: a prospective study using the Lung Cancer Symptom Scale in a community hospital.

L. Kachnic, S. Lutz, G. Palardy, 2001, Journal of palliative medicine.

RTOG 0529: a phase 2 evaluation of dose-painted intensity modulated radiation therapy in combination with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin-C for the reduction of acute morbidity in carcinoma of the anal canal.

Jacqueline Esthappan, Robert J Myerson, Parag J Parikh, 2013, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Pelvic normal tissue contouring guidelines for radiation therapy: a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group consensus panel atlas.

Issam El Naqa, David Gaffney, Christopher Willett, 2012, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

The role of spirituality and religious coping in the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer receiving palliative radiation therapy.

T. VanderWeele, A. Ng, S. Block, 2012, The journal of supportive oncology.

Patient-Reported Toxicity During Pelvic Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy: NRG Oncology-RTOG 1203.

B. Yaremko, W. Small, D. Gaffney, 2018, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Immortal Time Bias in National Cancer Data Base Studies.

L. Kachnic, C. Kluwe, E. Osmundson, 2019, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

FANCD2-deficient human fibroblasts are hypersensitive to ionising radiation at oxygen concentrations of 0% and 3% but not under normoxic conditions

Richard T. Lee, L. Kachnic, H. Willers, 2009, International journal of radiation biology.

Analysis of Radiation Therapy for the Control of Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Based on 36 Cases and a Literature Review

E. Baldini, D. Deschler, L. Kachnic, 2008, Ear, nose, & throat journal.

Cancer of the Anal Canal

K. Goodman, L. Kachnic, B. Czito, 2020, Abeloff's Clinical Oncology.

"It depends": viewpoints of patients, physicians, and nurses on patient-practitioner prayer in the setting of advanced cancer.

T. VanderWeele, H. Prigerson, S. Block, 2011, Journal of pain and symptom management.

DNA Damage Induces p53-dependent BRCA1 Nuclear Export*

Zhihui Feng, Fen Xia, S. Powell, 2004, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

Tadalafil for prevention of erectile dysfunction after radiotherapy for prostate cancer: the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group [0831] randomized clinical trial.

T. Pisansky, A. Raben, L. Kachnic, 2014, JAMA.

The Impact of Race in Male Breast Cancer Treatment and Outcome in the United States: A Population-Based Analysis of 4,279 Patients

A. E. Hirsch, L. Kachnic, A. Hirsch, 2014, International journal of breast cancer.

Predictors of Radiation Therapy-Related Gastrointestinal Toxicity From Anal Cancer Dose-Painted Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy: Secondary Analysis of NRG Oncology RTOG 0529.

B. Fisher, J. Michalski, Yuhchyau Chen, 2017, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Predictors of Radiotherapy-related GI Toxicity from Anal Cancer DP-IMRT: Secondary Analysis of NRG Oncology RTOG 0529

B. Fisher, J. Michalski, Chang, 2017 .

Preservation of memory with conformal avoidance of the hippocampal neural stem-cell compartment during whole-brain radiotherapy for brain metastases (RTOG 0933): a phase II multi-institutional trial.

Wolfgang A Tome, Glenn S Bauman, Howard Rowley, 2014, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Effect of the Addition of Cetuximab to Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Radiation Therapy for Patients With Esophageal Cancer: The NRG Oncology RTOG 0436 Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial

M. Suntharalingam, A. Raben, A. Dicker, 2017, JAMA oncology.

Combined modality therapy for rectal and colon cancer.

Jeffrey W. Clark, C. Willett, L. Kachnic, 2003, Seminars in oncology.

Use of tamoxifen with postsurgical irradiation may improve survival in estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive male breast cancer.

A. E. Hirsch, A. Taghian, S. Powell, 2011, Clinical breast cancer.

Palliative single-fraction radiation therapy: how much more evidence is needed?

L. Kachnic, L. Berk, 2005, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

Elective clinical target volumes for conformal therapy in anorectal cancer: a radiation therapy oncology group consensus panel contouring atlas.

Issam El Naqa, Prajnan Das, Aditya Apte, 2009, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Hippocampal Avoidance During Whole-Brain Radiotherapy Plus Memantine for Patients With Brain Metastases: Phase III Trial NRG Oncology CC001.

P. Brown, M. Gilbert, M. Mehta, 2020, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Chemoradiation therapy: localized esophageal, gastric, and pancreatic cancer.

L. Kachnic, T. Hong, H. Mamon, 2013, Surgical oncology clinics of North America.

Trastuzumab with trimodality treatment for oesophageal adenocarcinoma with HER2 overexpression (NRG Oncology/RTOG 1010): a multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial.

D. Wigle, T. Dipetrillo, L. Kachnic, 2022, The Lancet. Oncology.

Efficacy endpoints of radiation therapy group protocol 0247: a randomized, phase 2 study of neoadjuvant radiation therapy plus concurrent capecitabine and irinotecan or capecitabine and oxaliplatin for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

B. Erickson, A. Rashid, C. Willett, 2015, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0247: a randomized Phase II study of neoadjuvant capecitabine and irinotecan or capecitabine and oxaliplatin with concurrent radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

B. Erickson, A. Rashid, C. Willett, 2012, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

OF NEOADJUVANT CAPECITABINE AND IRINOTECAN OR CAPECITABINE AND OXALIPLATIN WITH CONCURRENT RADIOTHERAPY FOR PATIENTS WITH LOCALLYADVANCED RECTAL CANCER

B. Erickson, A. Rashid, C. Willett, 2012 .

Dosimetric feasibility of hypofractionated proton radiotherapy for neoadjuvant pancreatic cancer treatment.

B. Alexander, D. Ryan, T. Delaney, 2007, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Radiation therapy for gastrointestinal cancer.

L. Kachnic, C. Canning, J. Holland, 2006, Hematology/oncology clinics of North America.

Rectal and Anal Cancer

L. Kachnic, N. Kovalchuk, J. Chin, 2013 .

Beliefs About Anal Cancer among HIV-Infected Women: Barriers and Motivators to Participation in Research.

Christine M. Gunn, E. Stier, L. Kachnic, 2015, Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health.

Randomized Controlled Phase II Evaluation of Two Dose Levels of Bupropion Versus Placebo for Sexual Desire in Female Cancer Survivors: NRG-CC004

P. Ganz, C. Muller, L. Kachnic, 2021, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Adjuvant Chemoradiation in Patients with Lymph Node-Positive Biliary Tract Cancers: Secondary Analysis of a Single-Arm Clinical Trial (SWOG 0809)

P. Philip, A. El-Khoueiry, L. Kachnic, 2023, Annals of Surgical Oncology.

Radiotherapy for invasive breast cancer in North America and Europe: results of a survey.

R. Jagsi, A. Taghian, S. Powell, 2005, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

The management of ductal carcinoma in situ in North America and Europe

R. Jagsi, A. Taghian, S. Powell, 2004, Cancer.

Significance of Co-expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Ki67 on Clinical Outcome in Patients With Anal Cancer Treated With Chemoradiotherapy: An Analysis of NRG Oncology RTOG 9811.

J. Ajani, C. Guha, L. Kachnic, 2017, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Risk of lymphedema after regional nodal irradiation with breast conservation therapy.

A. Taghian, S. Powell, L. Kachnic, 2003, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Impact of age and comorbidities on the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies.

L. Kachnic, T. Hong, J. Wo, 2012, Seminars in radiation oncology.

Report from the Radiation Therapy Committee of the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG): Research Objectives Workshop 2008

Clifton D Fuller, Charles R. Thomas, Laurence H Baker, 2009, Clinical Cancer Research.

Inactivation of p53 results in high rates of homologous recombination

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, K. Mekeel, 1997, Oncogene.

Detection of Impaired Homologous Recombination Repair in NSCLC Cells and Tissues

L. Sequist, C. Benes, J. Whetstine, 2013, Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.

The Impact of Race in Male Breast Cancer Outcome in the United States: A Population-Based Analysis of 4279 Patients

L. Kachnic, A. Hirsch, J. Shin, 2014 .

2126 : Dose-Painted Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy for Anal Cancer: Dosimetric Comparison and Acute Toxicity

H. Shih, J. Kung, L. Kachnic, 2006 .

Localized therapy for male breast cancer: functional advantages with comparable outcomes using breast conservation.

Shannon Fogh, A. Taghian, S. Powell, 2013, Clinical breast cancer.

Medical student mentorship in radiation oncology at a single academic institution: A 10-year analysis.

L. Kachnic, M. Truong, A. Hirsch, 2015, Practical radiation oncology.

Prospective randomized double-blind pilot study of site-specific consensus atlas implementation for rectal cancer target volume delineation in the cooperative group setting.

Niko Papanikolaou, Daniel T Chang, Clifton D Fuller, 2011, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Therapeutic exploitation of tumor cell defects in homologous recombination.

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, 2008, Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry.

Dose-volume analysis of radiotherapy for T1N0 invasive breast cancer treated by local excision and partial breast irradiation by low-dose-rate interstitial implant.

Barbara L. Smith, M. Gadd, A. Taghian, 2002, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Quality-of-life outcomes in oncology.

B. Movsas, L. Kachnic, F. Siddiqui, 2006, Hematology/oncology clinics of North America.

Radiosurgery Compared To External Beam Radiotherapy for Localized Spine Metastasis: Phase III Results of NRG Oncology/RTOG 0631

P. Gerszten, P. Iyengar, R. Timmerman, 2019, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.

Palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases: an ASTRO evidence-based guideline.

Ehud Mendel, Arjun Sahgal, Larry Silverman, 2011, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

RTOG 0631 phase 2/3 study of image guided stereotactic radiosurgery for localized (1-3) spine metastases: phase 2 results.

Fang-Fang Yin, Benjamin Movsas, David S Followill, 2014, Practical radiation oncology.

CogState computerized memory tests in patients with brain metastases: secondary endpoint results of NRG Oncology RTOG 0933

M. Mehta, H. Rowley, W. Tomé, 2015, Journal of Neuro-Oncology.

Current treatment and future directions in the management of anal cancer

Nicholas G Zaorsky, L. Kachnic, T. Hong, 2021, CA: a cancer journal for clinicians.

Octreotide acetate in prevention of chemoradiation-induced diarrhea in anorectal cancer: randomized RTOG trial 0315.

J. Ajani, C. Gwede, L. Kachnic, 2010, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

Decreasing the Adverse Effects of Cancer Therapy: National Cancer Institute Guidance for the Clinical Development of Radiation Injury Mitigators

Stephen L. Brown, C. N. Coleman, P. Okunieff, 2010, Clinical Cancer Research.

Memory Preservation With Conformal Avoidance of the Hippocampus During Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy for Patients With Brain Metastases: Primary Endpoint Results of RTOG 0933

M. Mehta, H. Rowley, W. Tomé, 2013 .

Use of Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Initial Results From the Pembrolizumab Arm of a Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.

N. Wolmark, R. Valicenti, G. Yothers, 2021, JAMA oncology.

Homologous recombination is the principal pathway for the repair of DNA damage induced by tirapazamine in mammalian cells.

Y. Pommier, W. Wilson, S. Powell, 2008, Cancer research.

Pretreatment Volume of MRI-Determined White Matter Injury Predicts Neurocognitive Decline After Hippocampal Avoidant Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy for Brain Metastases: Secondary Analysis of NRG Oncology Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0933

M. Mehta, M. Shahin, L. Kachnic, 2019, Advances in radiation oncology.

Impact of sildenafil on marital and sexual adjustment in patients and their wives after radiotherapy and short-term androgen suppression for prostate cancer

H. Sandler, T. Pisansky, L. Kachnic, 2012, Supportive Care in Cancer.

Clinical Investigation : Gastrointestinal Cancer Australasian Gastrointestinal Trials Group ( AGITG ) Contouring Atlas and Planning Guidelines for Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy in Anal Cancer

Trevor Leong, Andrew Kneebone, L. Kachnic, 2012 .

Elective Clinical Target Volumes for Conformal Therapy in Anorectal Cancer: An RTOG Consensus Panel Contouring Atlas

I. El Naqa, R. Abrams, C. Willett, 2008 .

Long term Outcomes of NRG Oncology/RTOG 0529: A Phase II Evaluation of Dose-Painted Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (DP-IMRT) in Combination with 5-Fluorouracil and Mitomycin-C for the Reduction of Acute Morbidity in Anal Canal Cancer.

B. Fisher, L. Kachnic, T. Schefter, 2021, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Early Efficacy Results of RTOG 0529: A Phase II Evaluation of Dose-painted IMRT in Combination with 5-Fluorouracil and Mitomycin-C for the Reduction of Acute Morbidity in Carcinoma of the Anal Canal

P. Parikh, J. Esthappan, L. Kachnic, 2010 .

Carcinoma of the Anal Canal

L. Kachnic, J. Kharofa, Clayton A. Smith, 2018 .

Multi-institutional review of repeat irradiation of chest wall and breast for recurrent breast cancer.

A. Rademaker, L. Marks, K. Kiel, 2008, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

PET/CT of cancer patients: part 1, pancreatic neoplasms.

L. Kachnic, R. Subramaniam, P. Peller, 2012, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

FDG PET/CT in the management of colorectal and anal cancers.

L. Kachnic, R. Subramaniam, C. Marcus, 2014, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

Radiotherapy and breast reconstruction: complications and cosmesis with TRAM versus tissue expander/implant.

A. Niemierko, A. Taghian, S. Powell, 2002, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

RTOG 0631 Phase II/III Study of Image-Guided Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Localized (1-3) Spine Metastases: Phase II Results.

Fang-Fang Yin, Benjamin Movsas, David S Followill, 2011, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Long-term results from NRG-GI002: A phase II clinical trial platform using total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

G. Yothers, T. George, L. Kachnic, 2023, Journal of Clinical Oncology.

NRG-GI002: A phase II clinical trial platform using total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC)—First experimental arm (EA) initial results.

N. Wolmark, G. Yothers, T. George, 2019, Journal of Clinical Oncology.

Longitudinal Quality-of-Life Analysis of RTOG 94-05 (Int 0123):A Phase III Trial of Definitive Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer.

R. Ginsberg, R. Komaki, C. Willett, 2011, Gastrointestinal cancer research : GCR.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery vs Conventional Radiotherapy for Localized Vertebral Metastases of the Spine: Phase 3 Results of NRG Oncology/RTOG 0631 Randomized Clinical Trial.

P. Gerszten, P. Iyengar, R. Timmerman, 2023, JAMA oncology.

Cetuximab Plus Chemoradiotherapy for HIV-Associated Anal Carcinoma: A Phase II AIDS Malignancy Consortium Trial.

J. Palefsky, J. Sparano, W. Wachsman, 2017, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

The Effect of Delaying Radiation Therapy for Systemic Chemotherapy on Local-regional Control in Breast Cancer

A. Taghian, S. Powell, L. Kachnic, 2004, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

FANCD2 but not FANCA promotes cellular resistance to type II topoisomerase poisons.

J. Dahm-Daphi, L. Kachnic, H. Willers, 2011, Cancer letters.

NRG Oncology CC001: A phase III trial of hippocampal avoidance (HA) in addition to whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) plus memantine to preserve neurocognitive function (NCF) in patients with brain metastases (BM).

P. Brown, M. Mehta, W. Tomé, 2019, Journal of Clinical Oncology.

1-1-2008 Biomarkers and mechanisms of FANCD 2 function

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, K. Held, 2013 .

Fanconi anemia pathway heterogeneity revealed by cisplatin and oxaliplatin treatments.

L. Kachnic, H. Willers, Li Li, 2010, Cancer letters.

Biomarkers and Mechanisms of FANCD2 Function

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, H. Willers, 2008, Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology.

NRG Oncology CC001 Neurocognitive Final Analysis: A Phase III Trial of Hippocampal Avoidance (HA) in Addition to Whole-Brain Radiotherapy (WBRT) Plus Memantine to Preserve Neurocognitive Function (NCF) in Patients With Brain Metastases (BM)

P. Brown, M. Mehta, W. Tomé, 2019, Neurosurgery.

Raising the Next Generation of Physician-Scientists: The Chairs' Perspective. In Regard to Formenti et al.

L. Wilson, D. Shrieve, L. Kachnic, 2015, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Neoadjuvant Treatment for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: New Concepts in Clinical Trial Design

L. Kachnic, A. Chakravarthy, Nitesh Rana, 2017, Current Treatment Options in Oncology.

Combined modality treatment with selective bladder conservation for invasive bladder cancer: long-term tolerance in the female patient.

A. Zietman, W. Shipley, L. Kachnic, 1996, The cancer journal from Scientific American.

Patient Reported Outcomes in NRG Oncology RTOG 0938, Evaluating Two Ultrahypofractionated Regimens for Prostate Cancer.

I. Kaplan, D. Beyer, H. Sandler, 2018, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

"If God wanted me yesterday, I wouldn't be here today": religious and spiritual themes in patients' experiences of advanced cancer.

H. Prigerson, S. Block, L. Kachnic, 2010, Journal of palliative medicine.

Initial dosimetric experience using simple three-dimensional conformal external-beam accelerated partial-breast irradiation.

Barbara L. Smith, M. Specht, A. Recht, 2006, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

The influence of limited English proficiency on outcome in patients treated with radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.

G. Grillone, L. Kachnic, K. Zaner, 2014, Patient education and counseling.

Lung Cancer and Heart Disease Risks Associated With Low-Dose Pulmonary Radiotherapy to COVID-19 Patients With Different Background Risks

D. Brenner, I. Shuryak, L. Kachnic, 2021, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.

The relationship of spiritual concerns to the quality of life of advanced cancer patients: preliminary findings.

T. VanderWeele, S. Block, L. Kachnic, 2011, Journal of palliative medicine.

The American Board of Radiology Initial Certification in Radiation Oncology: Moving Forward Through Collaboration.

Paul E Wallner, A. Ng, B. Davis, 2019, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Gemcitabine following radiotherapy with concurrent 5‐fluorouracil for nonmetastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas

L. Kachnic, J. Neifeld, J. Shaw, 2001, International journal of cancer.

NRG-GI002: A phase II clinical trial platform using total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC)—Pembrolizumab experimental arm (EA) primary results.

N. Wolmark, G. Yothers, T. George, 2021 .

IMRT for breast cancer--balancing outcomes, patient selection, and resource utilization.

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, 2011, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

Neoadjuvant radiation for clinical T4 colon cancer: A potential improvement to overall survival☆,☆☆

S. Glasgow, L. Kachnic, A. Hawkins, 2019, Surgery.

Clinical and treatment factors associated with vaginal stenosis after definitive chemoradiation for anal canal cancer.

A. Niemierko, Jacqueline A. Nyamwanda, D. Ryan, 2015, Practical radiation oncology.

Adjuvant therapy for elderly patients with resected gastric adenocarcinoma

C. Earle, K. Hoffman, L. Kachnic, 2012, Cancer.

Use of the Toxicity Index in Evaluating Adverse Events in Anal Cancer Trials

J. Ajani, G. Yothers, L. Kachnic, 2022, American journal of clinical oncology.

The initial report of RTOG 0436: A phase III trial evaluating the addition of cetuximab to paclitaxel, cisplatin, and radiation for patients with esophageal cancer treated without surgery.

M. Suntharalingam, A. Raben, A. Dicker, 2014 .

Incidence of Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma of the Breast in the US, 2000 to 2018.

A. Neugut, L. Kachnic, S. Cheng, 2022, JAMA oncology.

The Effect of a Cognitive Behavioral Exercise Intervention on Clinical Depression in a Multiethnic Sample of Women With Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial

G. Skrinar, K. Freund, L. Kachnic, 2010 .

Sustained Preservation of Cognition and Prevention of Patient-Reported Symptoms with Hippocampal Avoidance during Whole-Brain Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases: Final Results of NRG Oncology CC001.

P. Brown, M. Gilbert, M. Mehta, 2023, International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics.

Patient-Reported Outcomes in NRG Oncology/RTOG 0938, a Randomized Phase 2 Study Evaluating 2 Ultrahypofractionated Regimens (UHRs) for Prostate Cancer

I. Kaplan, D. Beyer, H. Sandler, 2016 .

Rectothecal Fistula Secondary to a Tailgut Cyst With Malignant Transformation: An Abnormal Connection and Unusual Pathology

L. Kachnic, C. Bonfield, C. Shi, 2020, The American surgeon.

Management of Anal Canal Cancer: Current Chemoradiation Strategies and Investigations into Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy

K. Goodman, L. Kachnic, T. Dasgupta, 2010 .

Quality-adjusted survival in women with gynecologic malignancies receiving IMRT after surgery: A Ppatient Rreported Ooutcome study of NRG oncology's RTOG 1203.

D. D'Souza, L. Kachnic, A. Klopp, 2023, Gynecologic oncology.

Prevalence of Pediatric Advanced Life Support Training Among Radiation Oncology Residency Programs

L. Kachnic, D. Horowitz, Cheng-Chia Wu, 2020, Applied Radiation Oncology.

Conditional Survival of Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma Treated with Radiotherapy: Analysis From the SEER Database

Charles R. Thomas, C. Fuller, L. Kachnic, 2005 .

Can pelvic radiotherapy be omitted in select patients with rectal cancer?

C. Fuller, L. Kachnic, L. Lai, 2006, Seminars in oncology.

Jury still out on whether advanced technology can improve the outcomes of patients with anal canal cancer.

L. Kachnic, A. Konski, 2009, Oncology.

Race disparities attributed to volumetric tumor burden in patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiotherapy

L. Kachnic, M. Truong, P. Romesser, 2016, Head & neck.

Consequences of anorectal cancer atlas implementation in the cooperative group setting: radiobiologic analysis of a prospective randomized in silico target delineation study.

Niko Papanikolaou, Clifton D Fuller, Jasper Nijkamp, 2014, Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.

Association of MGMT Promotor Methylation With Survival in Low-grade and Anaplastic Gliomas After Alkylating Chemotherapy.

J. Grinband, G. Mckhann, P. Canoll, 2023, JAMA oncology.

Homologous recombination research is heating up and ready for therapy

S. Powell, L. Kachnic, 2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases: an ASTRO evidence-based guideline.

E. Mendel, S. Lo, A. Sahgal, 2011, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) ( Un-) certainties in radiotherapy of rectal cancer

Carlo G N Demandante, Benjamin D. Smith, K. Goodman, 2012 .

An in-silico quality assurance study of contouring target volumes An in-silico quality assurance study of contouring target volumes in thoracic tumors within a cooperative group setting in thoracic tumors within a cooperative group setting

Charles R. Thomas, T. Guerrero, E. Holliday, 2021 .

Positron emission tomography combined with diagnostic chest computed tomography enhances detection of regional recurrence after stereotactic body radiation therapy for early stage non-small cell lung cancer.

L. Kachnic, H. Fernando, M. Ebright, 2013, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Quality Research in Radiation Oncology analysis of clinical performance measures in the management of gastric cancer.

K. Goodman, P. Devlin, L. Kachnic, 2013, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Anal Cancer

L. Kachnic, B. Cummings, T. Samdani, 2019, Springer International Publishing.

Crazy Busy: The Blurring of Personal and Professional Boundaries as a Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Issue.

L. Kachnic, T. Yanagihara, D. Horowitz, 2023, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Daily orthogonal kilovoltage imaging using a gantry-mounted on-board imaging system results in a reduction in radiation therapy delivery errors.

L. Kachnic, M. Truong, A. Hirsch, 2012, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Five-year patient reported outcomes in NRG Oncology RTOG 0938, evaluating two ultrahypofractionated regimens for prostate cancer.

I. Kaplan, H. Sandler, E. Horwitz, 2022, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Quality Research in Radiation Oncology analysis of clinical performance measures in the management of gastric cancer.

K. Goodman, P. Devlin, L. Kachnic, 2013, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

P. Parikh, C. Willett, J. Esthappan, 2013, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

NRG-GI002: A phase II clinical trial platform for sensitization testing using total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) in rectal cancer.

N. Wolmark, K. Pogue-Geile, G. Yothers, 2018 .

Evolution and Management of Treatment-Related Toxicity in Anal Cancer.

L. Kachnic, B. Czito, E. Ludmir, 2017, Surgical oncology clinics of North America.

Acute and Chronic Complications After Treatment of Locoregional Anal Cancer: Prevention and Management Strategies.

L. Kachnic, Leah Katz, David P. Horowitz, 2023, Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN.

Cetuximab Plus Chemoradiotherapy for HIV-Associated Anal Carcinoma: A Phase II AIDS Malignancy Consortium Trial.

J. Palefsky, J. Sparano, W. Wachsman, 2017, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

RTOG 0436: A phase III trial evaluating the addition of cetuximab to paclitaxel, cisplatin, and radiation for patients with esophageal cancer treated without surgery.

M. Suntharalingam, A. Raben, A. Dicker, 2014 .

Building a palliative radiation oncology program: From bedside to B.E.D.

L. Kachnic, Sumeeta Varma, M. Stavas, 2017, Practical radiation oncology.

A Multi-media Strategy to Integrate Introductory Broad-Based Radiation Science Education in U.S. Medical Schools.

Charles W. Miller, S. Chanock, C. McCollough, 2022, Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR.

Adaptive Radiation Therapy: A Review of CT-based Techniques.

C. Elliston, L. Kachnic, D. Horowitz, 2023, Radiology. Imaging cancer.

Clinical Target Volumes in Anorectal Cancer : An RTOG Consensus Panel Contouring Atlas

R. Abrams, C. Willett, W. Bosch, 2008 .

Quality Research in Radiation Oncology (QRRO): A Patterns of Care Analysis of Clinical Performance Measures in the Management of Gastric Cancer (GC)

K. Goodman, L. Kachnic, B. Minsky, 2010 .

Dose-painted intensity-modulated radiation therapy (DP-IMRT) for anal cancer: No differences in treatment toxicity and early outcomes between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and negative patients.

J. Mancias, L. Kachnic, T. Hong, 2012, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Comparison of Acute Toxicity with Three-dimensional vs. Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy in Patients Treated Preoperatively for Rectal Cancer

A. Parekh, L. Kachnic, K. Hartshorn, 2010 .

RTOG 0529: A Phase II Evaluation of Dose-painted IMRT in Combination with 5-Fluorouracil and Mitomycin-C for Reduction of Acute Morbidity in Carcinoma of the Anal Canal

P. Parikh, C. Willett, J. Esthappan, 2009 .

Homologous recombination is the principal pathway for the repair of DNA damage induced by tirapazamine in mammalian cells.

Y. Pommier, W. Wilson, S. Powell, 2008, Cancer Research.

Management of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: ASCO Guideline.

L. Kachnic, M. Chalabi, J. Loree, 2024, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Localized therapy for male breast cancer: functional advantages with comparable outcomes using breast conservation.

A. Taghian, S. Powell, L. Kachnic, 2013, Clinical breast cancer.

CT-guided online adaptive stereotactic body radiotherapy for pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma: Dosimetric and initial clinical experience

M. Gallitto, L. Kachnic, E. Lavrova, 2024, Clinical and translational radiation oncology.

A Prospective Randomized Pilot Study of Site-specific Atlas Incorporation into Target Volume Delineation Instructions in the Cooperative Group Setting: Preliminary Results from a Southwest Oncology Group Pilot using Big Brother

Charles R. Thomas, P. Okunieff, C. Fuller, 2009 .

External beam accelerated partial-breast irradiation using 32 gy in 8 twice-daily fractions: 5-year results of a prospective study.

Barbara L. Smith, M. Specht, A. Recht, 2012, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in NRG Oncology RTOG 0436: a phase III trial evaluating the addition of cetuximab to paclitaxel, cisplatin, and radiation for esophageal cancer treated without surgery.

L. Kachnic, D. Ilson, D. Clump, 2024, Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation.