R. Bray

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Gametocyte and gamete development in Plasmodium falciparum

R. Sinden, E. Canning, R. Bray, 1978, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences.

Purine and pyrimidine metabolism in Leishmania.

R. Bray, K. Chang, R. L. Berens, 1985 .

Development of a Clinical Monitoring System by Means of ICP Waveform Analysis

R. Grossman, A. Sherwood, C. Robertson, 1986 .

Clinical experience with a continuous monitor of intracranial compliance.

Z L Gokaslan, R S Bray, R G Grossman, 1989, Journal of neurosurgery.

Intracranial Compliance Monitoring with Computerized ICP Waveform Analysis in 55 Comatose Patients

R. Grossman, R. Narayan, C. Robertson, 1989 .

Microscopic laminotomies for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.

R. Bray, R. Tsai, R. Yang, 1998, Journal of spinal disorders.

Leishmania: chemotaxic responses of promastigotes and macrophages in vitro.

R. Bray, 1983, The Journal of protozoology.

The human materno-foetal relationship in malaria: I. Identification of pigment and parasites in the placenta.

R. Bray, T. W. Holbrook, R. Galbraith, 1980, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Direct Coombs antiglobulin reactions in Gambian children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. I. Incidence and class specificity.

J. Brown, R. Bray, C. Facer, 1979, Clinical and experimental immunology.

Benefits of the Paraspinal Muscle-Sparing Approach Versus the Conventional Midline Approach for Posterior Nonfusion Stabilization: Comparative Analysis of Clinical and Functional Outcomes

R. Bray, N. Anand, E. Baron, 2007, SAS Journal.

Serial measurement of total and parasite-specific IgE in an African population infected with Entamoeba histolytica.

R. Bray, W. G. Harris, M. Friedman, 1978, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Epidemiology of Leishmaniasis: Some Reflections on Causation

R. Bray, 2008 .

Observations on early and late post-sporozoite tissue stages in primate malaria. IV. Pre-erythrocytic schizonts and/or hypnozoites of Chesson and North Korean strains of Plasmodium vivax in the chimpanzee.

R. Sinden, P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1986, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

A strain of Plasmodium vivax characterized by prolonged incubation: morphological and biological characteristics.

P. G. Shute, P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1975, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Studies on malaria in chimpanzees. IX. The distribution of the pre-erythrocytic forms of Laverania falcipara.

R. Bray, A. Gunders, 1962, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

Studies on malaria in chimpanzees. VI. Laverania falciparum.

R. Bray, 1958, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

The effect of parasitization by Leishmania mexicana mexicana on macrophage function in vitro.

P. Kaye, R. Bray, P. Kaye, 1983, Acta tropica.

The late primary exo-erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium malariae.

P. G. Shute, P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1967, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Studies on malaria in chimpanzees. VIII. The experimental transmission and pre-erythrocytic phase of Plasmodium malariae, with a note on the host-range of the parasite.

R. Bray, 1960, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

Pre-erythrocytic Stages of Human Malaria Parasites

R. Bray, 1959, British medical journal.

Falciparum malaria and pregnancy.

M. Anderson, R. Bray, 1979, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Biology of Leishmania and leishmaniasis.

R. Bray, K. Chang, D. Fong, 1985 .

Malaria Infections in Primates and their Importance to Man.

R. Bray, 1963 .

Observations on early and late post-sporozoite tissue stages in primate malaria. III. Further attempts to find early forms and to correlate hypnozoites with growing exo-erythrocytic schizonts and parasitaemic relapses in Plasmodium cynomolgi bastianellii infections.

R. Sinden, P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1985, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Observations on early and late post-sporozoite tissue stages in primate malaria. V. The effect of pyrimethamine and proguanil upon tissue hypnozoites and schizonts of Plasmodium cynomolgi bastianellii.

E. Canning, R. Bray, Z. Lun, 1988, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Observations on early and late post-sporozoite tissue stages in primate malaria. II. The hypnozoite of Plasmodium cynomolgi bastianellii from 3 to 105 days after infection, and detection of 36- to 40-hour pre-erythrocytic forms.

P. Garnham, R. Bray, R. Gwadz, 1982, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

Studies on the immunology and serology of leishmaniasis. II. Cross-immunity experiments among different forms of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in monkeys.

R. Bray, R. Lainson, 1966, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

The parasite causing cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ethiopia.

R. Bray, R. Ashford, M. Bray, 1973, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

The Giemsa-colophonium method for staining protozoa in tissue sections.

P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1962, Indian journal of malariology.

Experimental chemotherapy of leishmaniasis - a critical review.

J. Berman, R. Bray, K. Chang, 1985 .

The effect of a single dose of primaquine on the gametocytes, gametogony and sporogony of Laverania falciparum.

R. W. Burgess, R. Bray, R W BURGESS, 1961, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Leishmania mexicana mexicana: attachment and uptake of promastigotes to and by macrophages in vitro.

R. Bray, 1983, The Journal of protozoology.

Laboratory cultivation and maintenance of Leishmania.

R. Bray, K. Chang, L. Hendricks, 1985 .

Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia: the incrimination of Phlebotomus papatasi as the vector in the Al-Hassa oasis.

R. Bray, R. Killick-Kendrick, A. J. Leaney, 1985, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

The Susceptibility of the Higher Primates to Piroplasms

P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1959 .

On the Parasitic Protozoa of Liberia. II. The Malaria Parasites of Agamid Lizards.

R. Bray, 1959 .

BLOOD PARASITES OF ETHIOPIAN BIRDS 1. GENERAL SURVEY*

J. S. Ash, R. Bray, R. Ashford, 1976, Journal of wildlife diseases.

On the Parasitic Protozoa of Liberia. III. Three new species of Caryospora Léger, 1904 from the hissing sand snake Psammophis sibilans phillipsi and a note on a Caryospora in Coluber ravergieri nummifer from Israel.

R. Bray, 1960 .

On the coccidia of the mongoose.

R. Bray, 1954, Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology.

6 – Zoonotic Potential of Blood Parasites

R. Bray, 1968 .

The epidemiology of infection with Entamoeba histolytica in the Gambia, West Africa.

R. Bray, W. G. Harris, 1977, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Studies on malaria in chimpanzees. II. Plasmodium vivax.

R. Bray, 1957, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

Studies on malaria in chimpanzees. I. The erythrocytic forms of Plasmodium reichenowi.

R. Bray, 1956, The Journal of parasitology.

Some Parasitic Protozoa from the Gambia

R. Bray, 1984 .

Observations on early and late post-sporozoite tissue stages in primate malaria. I. Discovery of a new latent form of Plasmodium cynomolgi (the hypnozoite), and failure to detect hepatic forms within the first 24 hours after infection.

P. Garnham, R. Bray, R. Killick-Kendrick, 1982, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

The life-cycle of primate malaria parasites.

P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1982, British medical bulletin.

The human materno-foetal relationship in malaria. II. Histological, ultrastructural and immunopathological studies of the placenta.

H. Fox, R. Bray, R. Galbraith, 1980, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Vaccination against Plasmodium falciparum: a negative result.

R. Bray, 1976, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis of the guineapig. Action of sensitised lymphocytes on infected macrophages.

R. Bray, A. Bryceson, 1968, Lancet.

Demonstration of hypnozoites in sporozoite-transmitted Plasmodium vivax infection.

R. Sinden, P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1982, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

Electron microsope studies of motile stages of malaria parasites. II. The fine structure of the sporozoite of Laverania (Plasmodium) falcipara.

P. Garnham, R. Bray, R. Bird, 1961, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Transmission of Leishmania mexicana among laboratory hamsters in the absence of an insect vector

R. Bray, R. Lainson, 1964 .

The pre-erythrocytic stage of Plasmodium ovale.

P. Garnham, R. Bray, R. Lainson, 1955, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

The epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ethiopia.

R. Bray, R. Ashford, M. P. Hutchinson, 1973, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Studies on the immunology and serology of leishmaniasis. IX. Serological investigation of the parasites of Indian kala-azar and Indian post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis.

R. Bray, R. Ashford, P. S. Sen Gupta, 1973, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Leishmaniasis in the Old World.

R. Bray, 1972, British medical bulletin.

Studies on the immunology and serology of leishmaniasis: VII. Serotypes of Leishmania tropica.

R. Bray, G. Rahim, G.A.F. Rahim, 1969, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Studies on the immunology and serology of leishmaniasis: VI. Searh for antigenic variation in single strains of Leishmania spp.

R. Bray, 1969, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Studies on the immunology and serology of leishmaniasis. 8. The identity of strains of Leishmania from Ethiopian diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis.

R. Bray, A. Bryceson, A. Bryceson, 1969, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Studies on the immunology and serology of leishmaniasis. V. The use of particles as vehicles in passive agglutination tests.

R. Bray, R. Lainson, 1967, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

On the maintenance of strains of Leishmania from the Guianas.

R. Bray, F. Munford, 1967, The Journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

The immunology and serology of leishmanisis. IV. Results of Ouchterlony double diffusion tests.

R. Bray, R. Lainson, 1966, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

The immunology and serology of leishmaniasis. I. The fluorescent antibody staining technique.

R. Bray, R. Lainson, 1965, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Vector Biology and Control.

R. D. Ward, R. Bray, K. Chang, 1985 .

The distance of attraction of CDC light traps to Phlebotomine sandflies

T. Wilkes, R. Bray, R. Killick-Kendrick, 1985 .

Differentiation of canine and cutaneous leishmaniasis strains in Senegal.

R. Bray, J. Dedet, P. Desjeux, 1982, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Immunity in cutaneous leishmaniasis of the guinea-pig.

R. Bray, R. Wolstencroft, A. Bryceson, 1970, Clinical and experimental immunology.

Ecology of leishmaniasis in the south of France. 19. Determination of the hosts of Phlebotomus ariasi Tonnoir, 1921 in the Cévennes by bloodmeal analyses.

R. Bray, R. Killick-Kendrick, J. Rioux, 1984, Annales de parasitologie humaine et comparee.

Kala-azar in Ethiopia: Epidemiological studies in a highland valley.

R. Bray, R. Ashford, M. P. Hutchinson, 1973, Ethiopian medical journal.

Zoonoses and Leishmaniasis

R. Bray, 1989 .

The correlation between delayed hypersensitivity, lymphocyte activation and protective immunity in experimental murine leishmaniasis

R. Bray, J. Alexander, R. Rossell, 1987, Parasite immunology.

Parasitic Protozoa in Macrophages in vitro

R. Bray, 1982 .

A Check-List of the Parasitic Protozoa of West Africa with some Notes on their Classification.

R. Bray, 1964 .

Cellular sensitivity in amoebiasis--preliminary results of lymphocytic transformation in response to specific antigen and to mitogen in carrier and disease states.

R. Bray, W. G. Harris, 1976, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Relapses in primate malaria: discovery of two populations of exoerythrocytic stages. Preliminary note.

P. Garnham, R. Bray, R. Killick-Kendrick, 1980, British medical journal.

Experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. II. Effects of immunosuppression and antigenic competition on the course of infection with Leishmania enriettii in the guinea-pig.

R. Bray, A. Bryceson, D. Dumonde, 1972, Clinical and experimental immunology.

Cellular immune responses to amoebic liver abcess in the guinea-pig.

R. Bray, W. G. Harris, 1977, Clinical and experimental immunology.

Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of leishmaniasis.

R. Bray, K. Chang, P. Marsden, 1985 .

Relapse in primate malaria: a reply

R. Bray, R. Killick-Kendrick, W. A. Krotoski, 1983 .

Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to pyrimethamine

R. Bray, 1955 .

Effect of Milk Diet on P. Cynomolgi Infections in Monkeys

P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1953, British medical journal.

Immunodiagnosis of leishmaniasis.

R. Bray, K. Chang, 1985 .

On the Parasitic Protozoa of Liberia. V. Coccidia of Liberian Rodents.

R. Bray, N. D. Levine, V. Ivens, 1959 .

The Use of Evans Blue in the Fluorescent Antibody Staining of Malaria Parasites.

R. Bray, H. el-Nahal, 1966 .

Energy metabolism in Leishmania.

R. Bray, K. Chang, A. J. Mukkada, 1985 .

Functional Outcomes Stabilization : Comparative Analysis of Clinical and the Conventional Midline Approach for Posterior Nonfusion Benefits of the Paraspinal Muscle-Sparing Approach Versus

R. Bray, N. Anand, E. Baron, 2009 .

Nonfusion Stabilization Invasive Technique for Pedicle Screw-Based Posterior Stabilization and Interlaminar Decompression : A Minimally Modified Muscle-Sparing Paraspinal Approach for

R. Bray, N. Anand, 2009 .

Modified Muscle-Sparing Paraspinal Approach for Stabilization and Interlaminar Decompression: A Minimally Invasive Technique for Pedicle Screw-Based Posterior Nonfusion Stabilization

R. Bray, N. Anand, E. Baron, 2008, SAS Journal.

Lack of a circadian rhythm in the ability of the gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum to infect Anopheles gambiae.

R. Bray, M. Smalley, A. Mccrae, 1976, International journal for parasitology.

The changing role for neurosurgeons and the treatment of spinal deformity.

J. P. Johnson, R. Bray, N. Anand, 2005, Journal of neurosurgery. Spine.

Posterior atlantoaxial stabilization: new alternative to C1-2 transarticular screws.

J. P. Johnson, A. Villavicencio, R. Bray, 2002, Neurosurgical focus.

The biochemistry of Leishmania surface membranes.

R. Bray, K. Chang, D. Dwyer, 1985 .

The fluorescent antibody test for malarial antibody, using small amounts of blood

R. Bray, 1962 .

Fluorescent Antibody Staining as a Measure of Malarial Antibody

R. Bray, A. Voller, 1962, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.

The sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes in the placenta.

R. Sinden, R. Bray, 1979, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Effect of pyrimethamine upon sporogony and pre-erythrocytic schizogony of Laverania falciparum.

R. W. Burgess, M. Miller, R. Bray, 1959, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

Experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. IV. Selective suppression of cell-mediated immunity during the response of guinea-pigs to infection with Leishmania enriettii.

R. Bray, A. Bryceson, D. Dumonde, 1974, Clinical and experimental immunology.

Studies on malaria in chimpanzees. X. The presumed second generation of the tissue phase of Plasmodium ovale.

R. W. Burgess, R. Bray, J. Baker, 1963, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

Sagittal alignment and the Bryan cervical artificial disc.

J. P. Johnson, R. Bray, N. Anand, 2004, Neurosurgical focus.

Host immunity to leishmaniasis.

R. Bray, K. Chang, J. Howard, 1985 .

The influence of immunity upon the stages (including late exo-erythrocytic schizonts) of mammalian malaria parastes.

P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1956, Revista brasileira de malariologia e doencas tropicais. Publicacoes avulsas.

The Case For Multiple Type Specimens In Parasitic Protozoa

P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1979 .

An ultrastructural study of the exoerythrocytic schizonts of Plasmodium cynomolgi and P. knowlesi in Macaca mulatta.

R. Sinden, A. Suhrbier, R. Bray, 1990, Acta tropica.

Lack of transfer factor in guinea-pig leishmaniasis.

R. Bray, V. C. Wilson, 1972, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Pinocytotic uptake and the digestion of hemoglobin in malaria parasites.

W. Trager, R. Bray, M. Rudzinska, 1965, The Journal of protozoology.

Plasmodium ovale in Liberia.

R. Bray, 1957, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

The susceptibility of Liberians to the Madagascar strain of Plasmodium vivax.

R. Bray, 1958, Journal of Parasitology.

Studies on malaria in chimpanzees. V. The sporogonous cycle and mosquito transmission of Plasmodium vivax schwetzi.

R. Bray, 1958, The Journal of parasitology.

THE MALARIA PARASITES OF ANTHROPOID APES.

R. Bray, 1963, The Journal of parasitology.

Leishmania enriettii.

R. Bray, R. Neal, 2022, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Studies on malaria in chimpanzees. IV. Plasmodium ovale.

R. Bray, 1957, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Pre-erythrocytic Stages of Human Malaria: Plasmodium Ovale

P. Garnham, R. Bray, R. Lainson, 1954, British medical journal.

Observations on the Cytology and Morphology of the Mammalian Malaria Parasites. I. A Process of Apparent Plasmotomy in the Preerythrocytic Phase of Laverania falciparum.

R. Bray, 1960 .

On the Parasitic Protozoa of Liberia. I. Coccidia of Some Small Mammals.

R. Bray, 1958 .

Further notes on the tissue stages of Plasmodium cynomolgi.

R. Bray, H. Shortt, W. Cooper, 1954, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Failure to infect Splenectomized Primates with Theileria parva.

P. Garnham, R. Bray, 1961 .

Indirect Haemagglutination Test for Malarial Antibody

R. Bray, H. el-Nahal, 1966, Nature.

Failure to transfer hypersensitivity to Leishmania by injection of leucocytes

R. Bray, R. Lainson, 1965 .

Studies on the Exo‐Erythrocytic Cycle in the Genus Plasmodium

R. Bray, 1958 .

Leishmania mexicana

R. Bray, R. Lainson, 2020, Definitions.