P. Windschitl

发表

The influence of outcome desirability on optimism.

Z. Križan, P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, 2007, Psychological bulletin.

Biases in social comparative judgments: the role of nonmotivated factors in above-average and comparative-optimism effects.

John R. Chambers, P. Windschitl, John R Chambers, 2004, Psychological bulletin.

Optimism Biases: Types and Causes

P. Windschitl, J. O. Stuart, Paul D. Windschitl, 2015 .

Are people excessive or judicious in their egocentrism? A modeling approach to understanding bias and accuracy in people's optimism.

P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, Jason P. Rose, 2008, Journal of personality and social psychology.

The influence of egocentrism and focalism on people's optimism in competitions: when what affects us equally affects me more.

Justin Kruger, J. Kruger, P. Windschitl, 2003, Journal of personality and social psychology.

Egocentrism, Event Frequency, and Comparative Optimism: When what Happens Frequently is “More Likely to Happen to Me”

Jerry Suls, John R. Chambers, J. Suls, 2003, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

Stimulus Sampling and Social Psychological Experimentation

Gary L. Wells, G. Wells, P. Windschitl, 1999 .

The dud-alternative effect in likelihood judgment.

John R. Chambers, P. Windschitl, John R Chambers, 2004, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

Memory for faces: evidence of retrieval-based impairment.

P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, P D Windschitl, 1996, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

Team allegiance can lead to both optimistic and pessimistic predictions

Z. Križan, P. Windschitl, Z. Krizan, 2007 .

Contingent approaches to making likelihood judgments about polychotomous cases: the influence of task factors

Z. Križan, P. Windschitl, Z. Krizan, 2005 .

Knowledge matters: Anchoring effects are moderated by knowledge level

P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, Kathryn Bruchmann, 2013 .

Maximizing the Utility of Eyewitness Identification Evidence

G. Wells, P. Windschitl, C. Luus, 1994 .

Comparisons as Predictors of People’s Beliefs about the Importance of Changing Their Health Behaviors

Aaron M. Scherer, T. Treat, P. Windschitl, 2020, European Journal of Health Psychology.

The Interpretation of 'Likely' Depends on the Context, But 70% is 70% - Right? The Influence of Associative Processes on Perceived Certainty

E. Weber, P. Windschitl, 1999, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

An integrated approach to biases in referent-specific judgments

P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, Jason P. Rose, 2018, Thinking & Reasoning.

The desirability bias in predictions under aleatory and epistemic uncertainty

P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, Jane E Miller, 2022, Cognition.

Debiasing egocentrism and optimism biases in repeated competitions

P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, Jason P. Rose, 2012 .

Wishful Thinking about the Future: Does Desire Impact Optimism?

Z. Križan, P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, 2009 .

Measuring Cigarette Smoking Risk Perceptions.

Erika A. Waters, W. Klein, E. Peters, 2019, Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.

Optimism Following a Tornado Disaster

J. Suls, P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, 2013, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

Judging the accuracy of a likelihood judgment: the case of smoking risk

P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, 2002 .

Measuring psychological uncertainty: Verbal versus numeric methods

Gary L. Wells, G. Wells, P. Windschitl, 1996 .

Detecting memory impairment with a modified test procedure : manipulating retention interval with centrally presented event items

P. Windschitl, R. Belli, Thomas T. McCarthy, 1992 .

Hope to be right: Biased information seeking following Arbitrary and Informed Predictions

Aaron M. Scherer, P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, 2013 .

Risk it? Direct and collateral impacts of peers' verbal expressions about hazard likelihoods*

Aaron M. Scherer, J. Suls, P. Windschitl, 2017 .

The Alternative-Outcomes Effect

G. Wells, P. Windschitl, 1998 .

Biased calculations: Numeric anchors influence answers to math equations

P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, 2011, Judgment and Decision Making.

Factors Influencing Judgments to Consult Prescription Monitoring Programs: A Factorial Survey Experiment.

P. Windschitl, B. Viyyuri, B. St. Marie, 2020, Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses.

Sources of bias in peoples' social-comparative estimates of food consumption.

Aaron M. Scherer, J. Suls, L. Snetselaar, 2016, Journal of experimental psychology. Applied.

The effects of tool comparisons when estimating the likelihood of task success

Aaron M. Scherer, P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, 2021, Judgment and Decision Making.

The Joint Influence of Consensus Information and Situational Information on Trait Inferences for Targets and Populations

P. Windschitl, Jason P. Rose, Paul D. Windschitl, 2011 .

'I'll do what they did": social norm information and cancer treatment decisions.

Brian J Zikmund-Fisher, Peter A Ubel, Nicole L. Exe, 2011, Patient education and counseling.

Searching for the Limits and Explanations of the Nonselective Superiority Bias

J. Suls, P. Windschitl, Jason P. Rose, 2013 .

Evaluating One Performance Among Others: The Influence of Rank and Degree of Exposure to Comparison Referents

John R. Chambers, P. Windschitl, 2009, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

Comparison Referents Evaluating One Performance Among Others : The Influence of Rank and Degree of Exposure to

P. Windschitl, 2009 .

Context and the interpretation of likelihood information: the role of intergroup comparisons on perceived vulnerability.

P. Windschitl, René Martin, Paul D. Windschitl, 2002, Journal of personality and social psychology.

Measuring Psychological Uncertainty : Verbal Versus Numeric Methods

Gary L. Wells, G. Wells, P. Windschitl, 2004 .

Investigating people's uncertainty without changing it: non-numeric measurement and conceptualization of psychological uncertainty

P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, 1996 .

Base rates do not constrain nonprobability judgments

G. Wells, P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, 1996, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

The influence of reasons on interpretations of probability forecasts

P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, Annette R. Flugstad, 2003 .

Likelihood judgment based on previously observed outcomes: the alternative-outcomes effect in a learning paradigm

M. Young, P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, 2002, Memory & cognition.

An Ideological House of Mirrors

Aaron M. Scherer, J. Graham, P. Windschitl, 2015 .

Patient preferences regarding 1-visit versus 2-visit root canal therapy.

R. Walton, P. Windschitl, D. Caplan, 2012, Journal of endodontics.

The Influence of Alternative Outcomes on Gut-Level Perceptions of Certainty.

M. Young, P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, 2001, Organizational behavior and human decision processes.

Do People Prescribe Optimism, Overoptimism, or Neither?

P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, Paul D. Windschitl, 2021, Psychological science.

How egocentrism and optimism change in response to feedback in repeated competitions

P. Windschitl, Jason P. Rose, Paul D. Windschitl, 2008 .

Effect of Presenting Survival Information as Text or Pictograph During Periviable Birth Counseling: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, Siobhan McDonnell, 2023, The Journal of pediatrics.

The desirability bias in predictions: Going optimistic without leaving realism

Zlatan Krizan, P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, 2010 .

The Unintended Impact of Smoking-Risk Information on Concerns About Radon: A Randomized Controlled Trial

R. Field, P. Windschitl, J. O. Stuart, 2018, Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association.

Behaving Optimistically: How the (Un)Desirability of an Outcome Can Bias People's Preparations for It

P. Windschitl, J. O. Stuart, Andrew R. Smith, 2017 .

Judging a Group by Sampling Members: How the Subdivision of a Minority Affects Its Perceived Size and Influence

W. Hofmann, P. Windschitl, Paul D. Windschitl, 2008, The Journal of social psychology.

Attributions for ambiguity in a treatment‐decision context can create ambiguity aversion or seeking

B. Zikmund‐Fisher, P. Windschitl, J. O. Stuart, 2021, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making.

Context dependency in risky decision making: Is there a description-experience gap?

P. Windschitl, J. O. Stuart, Andrew R. Smith, 2021, PloS one.

When and why people are comparatively optimistic about future health risks: The role of direct and indirect comparison measures

J. Suls, P. Windschitl, Jason P. Rose, 2011, Psychology, health & medicine.

Egocentrism in Judging the Effectiveness of Treatments

P. Windschitl, Sean Mcevoy, Paul D. Windschitl, 2013 .

Why so confident? The influence of outcome desirability on selective exposure and likelihood judgment

P. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, Jason P. Rose, 2013 .

Unhealthy and unaware? Misjudging social comparative standing for health-relevant behavior

T. Treat, P. Windschitl, Teresa A. Treat, 2019, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology.

Cultural Differences in Unrealistic Optimism and Pessimism: The Role of Egocentrism and Direct Versus Indirect Comparison Measures

J. Suls, P. Windschitl, Jason P. Rose, 2008, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

The Rational Side of Egocentrism in Social Comparisons

John R. Chambers, J. Kruger, Jeremy Burrus, 2006 .

Knowing Too Much

John R. Chambers, K. Savitsky, P. Windschitl, 2008, Psychological science.