C. Hales

N. Crowther, C. Hales, P. Clark, 1992, European journal of clinical chemistry and clinical biochemistry : journal of the Forum of European Clinical Chemistry Societies.

Dose-response characteristics of human proinsulin and insulin in non-insulin-dependent diabetic humans.

K. Alberti, H. Orskov, L. Monti, 1992, The American journal of physiology.

RADIOIMMUNOASSAY MAY OVERESTIMATE INSULIN IN NON‐INSULIN‐DEPENDENT DIABETICS

C. Hales, J. Yudkin, D. Nagi, 1990, Clinical endocrinology.

Fetal and infant origins of adult disease.

C. Hales, 1997, Journal of clinical pathology.

Frequent salad vegetable consumption is associated with a reduction in the risk of diabetes mellitus.

N. Day, D. Williams, N. Wareham, 1999, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

Prospective cohort study of the relationship of markers of insulin resistance and secretion with weight gain and changes in regional adiposity

C. Hales, N. Wareham, C. Byrne, 1999, International Journal of Obesity.

The Glucose Fatty Acid Cycle and Diabetes Mellitus

E. Newsholme, P. J. Randle, P. Garland, 2008 .

Cross‐sectional but not longitudinal associations between non‐esterified fatty acid levels and glucose intolerance and other features of the metabolic syndrome

N. Wareham, D. Halsall, C. Byrne, 1999, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Oral glucose decreases hepatic extraction of insulin.

C. Hales, O. Gibby, 1983, British medical journal.

Plasma proinsulin in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic subjects.

S. O’Rahilly, R. Turner, C. Hales, 1990, Diabetes research.

Use of specific immunoradiometric assay to determine preterm neonatal insulin-glucose relations.

C. Hales, J. Hawdon, P. Clark, 1995, Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition.

Impaired glucose tolerance and height.

N. Day, C. Hales, P. Clark, 1991, BMJ.

PLASMA-INSULIN CONCENTRATIONS AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFRACTION.

C. Hales, N. Peters, 1965, Lancet.

Hormonal control of adipose tissue lipolysis

K. Siddle, J. Luzio, C. Hales, 1975, Proceedings of the Nutrition Society.

Dissociation of the effect of adrenalin on glucose uptake from that on adenosine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate levels and on lipolysis in rat-isolated fat cells.

K. Siddle, J. Luzio, C. Hales, 1974, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

Localization of calcium in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of rat isolated fat cells.

J. Luzio, C. Hales, J. Chandler, 1974, Journal of cell science.

Regulation of lipolysis in isolated human adipose-tissue cells.

C. Hales, T. Burns, 1966, Lancet.

Lipolytic activity of human pituitary fractions on isolated human adipose-tissue cells.

C. Hales, T. Burns, A. Hartree, 1966, Lancet.

Development of insulin and proinsulin secretion in newborn pony foals.

C. Hales, M. Bloomfield, A. Fowden, 2004, The Journal of endocrinology.

A common apolipoprotein B signal peptide polymorphism modifies the relation between plasma non-esterified fatty acids and triglyceride concentration in men.

N. Wareham, C. Hales, P. Maison, 2000, Atherosclerosis.

Hypoglycemia due to an insulin-secreting small-cell carcinoma of the cervix.

J. Seckl, M. Seckl, C. Hales, 1999, The New England journal of medicine.

Glucose intolerance is associated with altered calcium homeostasis: a possible link between increased serum calcium concentration and cardiovascular disease mortality.

N. Day, N. Wareham, C. Byrne, 1997, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

Hyperproinsulinemia is associated with increased beta cell demand after hemipancreatectomy in humans.

E. Seaquist, S. Kahn, R. Robertson, 1996, The Journal of clinical investigation.

Difficulties in localization and treatment of insulinomas in type 1 multiple endocrine adenomatosis (MEA).

P. Winocour, C. Hales, D. Anderson, 1992, Postgraduate medical journal.

The Relation of Fetal Growth to Insulin Secretion in Young Men

C. Hales, C. Hales, D. Phillips, 1996, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

IMPROVEMENT IN INSULIN SECRETION IN DIABETES AFTER DIAZOXIDE

C. Hales, R. Mahler, R. Greenwood, 1976, The Lancet.

The glucose–fatty acid cycle and the aetiology of diabetes

C. Hales, 1966, Proceedings of the Nutrition Society.

The Effect of Glibenclamide Administration on Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Binding to Monocytes in Normal Subjects

C. Hales, C. Hales, R. Greenwood, 1985, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Interaction of non-esterified fatty acid and insulin in control of triacylglycerol secretion by Hep G2 cells.

C. Hales, C. Hales, N. Brindle, 1991, The Biochemical journal.

Height and glucose tolerance in adult subjects

N. Day, C. Hales, P. Clark, 1991, Diabetologia.

Plasma-levels of glucose, non-esterified fatty acid, glycerol, and insulin four years before the onset of diabetic ketosis.

C. Hales, 1967, Lancet.

Plasma glucose, non-esterified fatty acid and insulin concentrations in hypothalamic-hyperphagic rats.

C. Hales, G. C. Kennedy, 1964, The Biochemical journal.

Insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance

S. Coppack, C. Hales, J. Alcolado, 1994, The Lancet.

Glucose tolerance in adults after prenatal exposure to famine

D. Barker, C. Osmond, C. Hales, 1998, The Lancet.

Exocrine and endocrine pancreatic function in diabetes mellitus and chronic pancreatitis

C. Hales, M. Sarner, A. Dick, 1966, Gut.

Perspectives in Diabetes ATP-Sensitive K + Channels in Pancreatic P-Cells Spare-Channel Hypothesis

L. Satin, C. Hales, D. Cook, 1988 .

The role of insulin in the regulation of glucose metabolism

C. Hales, 1971, Proceedings of the Nutrition Society.

Kinetics of biosynthetic human proinsulin in patients with terminal renal insufficiency.

C. Hales, P. Bottermann, K. Wahl, 1988, Hormone and metabolic research. Supplement series.

FASTING PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS OF INSULIN, NON-ESTERIFIED FATTY ACIDS, GLYCEROL, AND GLUCOSE IN THE EARLY DETECTION OF DIABETES MELLITUS.

P. J. Randle, P. Garland, C. Hales, 1965, Lancet.

Non-Esterified Fatty Acids and Insulin Sensitivity in Hypothalamichyperphagic Rats [Abridged]

C. Hales, G. C. Kennedy, 1964 .

The Effect of Bivalent Cation Chelating Agents on Some Actions of Adrenalin and Insulin in Rat Isolated Fat Cells

K. Siddle, C. Hales, Hales Cn, 1980, Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme.

The relationship between the concentration of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate and the anti-lipolytic action of insulin in isolated rat fat-cells.

K. Siddle, C. Hales, Kenneth Siddle, 1974, The Biochemical journal.

INSULIN RESISTANCE IN 7 YEAR OLD CHILDREN WHO WERE THIN AT BIRTH

C. Hales, D. Barker, C. Law, 1994, Pediatric Research.

Plasma Insulin in Diabetes

C. Hales, 2008 .

The glucose-fatty-acid cycle.

P. J. Randle, P. Garland, C. Hales, 1963, Lancet.

European Association for the study of diabetes

K. Lundbaek, C. Hales, E. Nikkilä, 1969, Diabetologia.

Raised proinsulin concentration as early indicator of beta cell dysfunction.

N. Day, C. Hales, P. Clark, 1991, BMJ.

Characterization and Use in Immunoradiometric Assay of Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against Human Proinsulin

K. Siddle, C. Hales, B. Frank, 1987, Diabetes.

Action profile of biosynthetic human proinsulin trials with the BIOSTATOR in metabolically normal subjects.

C. Hales, P. Bottermann, K. Wahl, 1988, Hormone and metabolic research. Supplement series.

Pharmacokinetics of biosynthetic human proinsulin following intravenous and subcutaneous administration in metabolically healthy volunteers.

C. Hales, P. Bottermann, K. Wahl, 1988, Hormone and metabolic research. Supplement series.

PROINSULIN IN HUMAN SERUM: PROBLEMS IN MEASUREMENT AND INTERPRETATION

K. Siddle, K. Docherty, C. Hales, 1984, Clinical endocrinology.

Effect of ethanol on hepatic apolipoprotein B synthesis and secretion in vitro.

C. Hales, C. Byrne, T. Wang, 1994, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

Determination of proinsulin intermediates by means of an immunoradiometric method using polyclonal antibodies.

C. Hales, S. Rainbow, T. Zilker, 1988, Hormone and metabolic research. Supplement series.

The effect of a 72-h fast on plasma levels of pituitary, adrenal, thyroid, pancreatic and gastrointestinal hormones in healthy men and women.

S. Bloom, C. Hales, C. Jones, 1989, The Journal of endocrinology.

Bioassay of glucagon in human serum.

C. Hales, D. R. Langslow, 1970, Lancet.

Lipolysis in chicken adipose tissue in vitro.

C. Hales, D. R. Langslow, 1969, The Journal of endocrinology.

THE IMMUNOLOGICAL ASSAY OF INSULIN USING AN ANTISERUM TO HUMAN INSULIN

C. Hales, 1966 .

K-channels in an insulin-secreting cell line: effects of ATP and sulphonylureas.

C. Hales, D. Cook, N. Sturgess, 1986, Advances in experimental medicine and biology.

Nutrition in Pregnancy and the Concentrations of Proinsulin, 32–33 Split Proinsulin, Insulin, and C‐peptide in Cord Plasma

K. Godfrey, D. Barker, C. Osmond, 1996, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

The interaction of various inhibitors and stimuli of insulin release studied with rabbit pancreas in vitro.

C. Hales, C. Hales, R. Milner, 1969, The Biochemical journal.

Endocrine pancreas and diabetes: edited by J. Pierluissi, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam and Oxford, 1979. Dfl. 135.00 (312 pages) ISBN 0 444 90051 9

C. Hales, 1980 .

The relationships of concentrations of insulin, intact proinsulin and 32–33 split proinsulin with cardiovascular risk factors in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects

C. Hales, J. Yudkin, A. Ryle, 1990, Diabetologia.

Postprandial Lipid Metabolism and β‐cell Function in Non‐insulin‐dependent (Type 2) Diabetes Mellitus After a Mixed Meal with a High Fat Content

K. C. Tan, D. Betteridge, C. Hales, 1996, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Identification of a novel complement-dependent serum-elicited inward current in the Xenopus oocyte provoking Ca2+ influx and subsequent activation of Cl- channels.

P. Newsholme, C. Hales, M. Ashford, 1999, Biochemical pharmacology.

Cigarette smoking is not associated with hyperinsulinemia: evidence against a causal relationship between smoking and insulin resistance.

N. Day, N. Wareham, C. Byrne, 1996, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

The role of insulin and proinsulin in the regulation of triglyceride metabolism.

N. Wareham, C. Hales, C. Byrne, 2009, Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association.

The mechanism of insulin secretion studied through the effects of electrolytes and inhibitors.

C. Hales, R. Milner, 1970, Advances in metabolic disorders.

Plasma insulin in pancreatic disease

M. F. Anderson, C. Hales, A. Dick, 1970, Gut.

Ca2+—calmodulin dependent myosin light‐chain phosphorylating activity in insulin‐secreting tissues

C. Hales, C. Hales, J. Hutton, 1982, FEBS letters.

Glucose suppresses ATP-inhibited K-channels in pancreatic beta-cells.

L. Satin, C. Hales, D. Cook, 1986, Advances in experimental medicine and biology.

Suicide of the nephron

C. Hales, C. Hales, 2001, The Lancet.

The effects of trypsin on ATP-sensitive potassium channel properties and sulfonylurea receptors in the CRI-G1 insulin-secreting cell line.

S. Ozanne, C. Hales, I. Rowe, 1994, Molecular pharmacology.

The response of plasma insulin, glucose and non-esterified fatty acids to various hormones, nutrients and drugs in the domestic fowl.

C. Hales, A. W. Pearson, D. R. Langslow, 1970, The Journal of endocrinology.

DIAZOXIDE, GLIPIZIDE, AND HYPOGLYCÆMIA

C. Hales, R. Mahler, R. Greenwood, 1977, The Lancet.

Impaired glucose tolerance and fasting hyperglycaemia have different characteristics

M. Davies, M. Davies, C. Hales, 2000, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Five new insulin-producing cell lines with differing secretory properties.

C. Hales, C. Carrington, E. C. Pearson, 1986, The Journal of endocrinology.

THE SULPHONYLUREA RECEPTOR MAY BE AN ATP-SENSITIVE POTASSIUM CHANNEL

C. Hales, D. Cook, N. Sturgess, 1985, The Lancet.

Role of Cyclic-AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase in the Regulation of Cellular Processes

A. Edelman, D. Blumenthal, E. Krebs, 1985 .

A quantitative analysis of the relationship between habitual energy expenditure, fitness and the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome

N E Day, N J Wareham, A M Prentice, 1998, British Journal of Nutrition.

Abstracts from the twenty-third meeting of the pancreatic society of Great Britain and Ireland at the Village Hotel, Leeds, UK

A. Andrén-sandberg, W. Greenhalf, J. Murchison, 1999 .

Immunoassay of insulin with insulin-antibody precipitate.

P. J. Randle, C. Hales, 1963, The Biochemical journal.

The role of sodium and potassium in insulin secretion from rabbit pancreas

C. Hales, R. Milner, 1968, The Journal of physiology.

Maintenance of viable cells in an organ culture of mature rat liver.

C. Hales, A. K. Campbell, 1971, Experimental cell research.

Lipolytic activity of human pituitary fractions on human adipose tissue cells.

C. Hales, T. Burns, A. Hartree, 1972, The Journal of endocrinology.

Ca2+-sensitive phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate metabolism in a rat beta-cell tumour.

C. Hales, J. Hutton, N. Tooke, 1984, The Biochemical journal.

Control of amylase biosynthesis and release in the parotid gland of the rat.

C. Hales, M. McPherson, 1978, The Biochemical journal.

Post-receptor insulin resistance after diazoxide in non-insulin dependent diabetes.

C. Hales, R. Greenwood, S. Olczak, 1986, Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme.

Undiagnosed Glucose Intolerance in the Community: the Isle of Ely Diabetes Project

C. Palmer, N. Day, N. Wareham, 1995, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Growth in utero and serum cholesterol concentrations in adult life.

C. Martyn, D. Barker, C. Osmond, 1993, BMJ.

The properties and extracellular location of 5'-nucleotidase of the rat fat-cell plasma membrane.

J. Luzio, C. Hales, A. Newby, 1975, The Biochemical journal.

Early programming of glucose–insulin metabolism

S. Ozanne, C. Hales, C. N. Hales, 2002, Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism.

Hypertriglyceridaemia in subjects with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance: relative contributions of insulin secretion, insulin resistance and suppression of plasma non-esterified fatty acids

C. Palmer, N. Day, N. Wareham, 1994, Diabetologia.

Hormonal control of adipose tissue lipolysis.

K. Siddle, C. Hales, 1975, The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society.

The electron microscopic localization of cations to pancreatic islets of Langerhans and their possible tole in insulin secretion.

C. Hales, Tamiko Sato, L. Herman, 1973, Journal of ultrastructure research.

Effect of Intravenous Glucose on Concentration of Insulin in Maternal and Umbilical-cord Plasma

C. Hales, R. Milner, 1965, British medical journal.

Adult BMI and fat distribution but not height amplify the effect of low birthweight on insulin resistance and increased blood pressure in 20-year-old South Africans

E. Lambert, J. Seckl, C. Hales, 2005, Diabetologia.

Fetal and infant growth and cardiovascular risk factors in women

T. Meade, D. Barker, C. Fall, 1995, BMJ.

Regulation of calcium-activated nonselective cation channel activity by cyclic nucleotides in the rat insulinoma cell line, CRI-G1

C. Hales, M. Ashford, V. Reale, 1995, The Journal of Membrane Biology.

Calcium as a mediator of hormone action [proceedings].

K. Siddle, A. Campbell, J. Luzio, 1977, Biochemical Society transactions.

The 30 Minute Insulin Incremental Response in an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test as a Measure of Insulin Secretion

N. Wareham, C. Byrne, C. Hales, 1995, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Relation of infant feeding to adult serum cholesterol concentration and death from ischaemic heart disease.

C. Fall, C. Osmond, C. Hales, 1992, BMJ.

Voltage-activated currents in the CRI-G1 rat insulin-secreting cell-line.

C. Hales, N. Sturgess, R. Kozlowski, 1991, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. A, Comparative physiology.

35th Annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Brussels, Belgium, 28 September-2 October, 1999. Abstracts.

Thomas J. Smith, B. M. Rasmussen, V. C. Phan, 1999, Diabetologia.

Interactions of metabolism and the physiological role of insulin.

C. I. Pogson, E. Newsholme, R. Denton, 1966, Recent progress in hormone research.

Cations and the secretion of insulin from rabbit pancreas in vitro

C. Hales, R. Milner, 1968, The Journal of physiology.

THE GLUCOSE FATTY ACID CYCLE IN OBESITY AND MATURITY ONSET DIABETES MELLITUS

P. J. Randle, P. Garland, C. Hales, 1965, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

Immunoradiometric assay of insulin, intact proinsulin and 32–33 split proinsulin and radioimmunoassay of insulin in diet-treated Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects

J. Levy, R. Turner, C. Hales, 1992, Diabetologia.

Insulin and insulin propeptides at birth in offspring of diabetic mothers.

C. Hales, R. Lindsay, J. Walker, 2003, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

The action of local anaesthetics on lipolysis and on adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate content in isolated rat fat-cells.

K. Siddle, C. Hales, 1974, The Biochemical journal.

Observations on the lipolytic activity of human serum and pituitary fractions in vitro.

C. Hales, T. Burns, A. Hartree, 1967, The Journal of endocrinology.

Do different dimensions of the metabolic syndrome change together over time? Evidence supporting obesity as the central feature.

N. Day, N. Wareham, C. Hales, 2001, Diabetes care.

Nucleotide regulation of a calcium-activated cation channel in the rat insulinoma cell line, CRI-G1

C. Hales, M. Ashford, V. Reale, 1994, The Journal of Membrane Biology.

Hypertension and its treatment influence changes in fasting nonesterified fatty acid concentrations: a link between the sympathetic nervous system and the metabolic syndrome?

N. Wareham, C. Hales, P. Maison, 2000, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

SPONTANEOUS HYPOGLYCAEMIA AND SARCOMA

C. Hales, J. Friend, 1965 .

Isolation and characterization of calmodulin from an insulin-secreting tumour.

C. Hales, J. Hutton, P. Jackson, 1981, The Biochemical journal.

Lipolysis in chicken adipose tissue: a correction.

C. Hales, D. R. Langslow, A. Hartree, 1969, The Journal of endocrinology.

Fetal and infant growth and impaired glucose tolerance in adulthood: the “thrifty phenotype” hypothesis revisited

C. Hales, 1997, Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). Supplement.

Decreased non-esterified fatty acid suppression and features of the insulin resistance syndrome occur in a sub-group of individuals with normal glucose tolerance

N. Day, N. Wareham, C. Hales, 1995, Diabetologia.

Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: the thrifty phenotype hypothesis

C. Hales, C. Hales, D. Barker, 1992, Diabetologia.

Metabolic consequences of intrauterine growth retardation

C. Hales, C. N. Hales, 1997, Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). Supplement.

Adenosine-5′-triphosphate-sensitive ion channels in neonatal rat cultured central neurones

C. Hales, N. Sturgess, M. Ashford, 1988, Pflügers Archiv.

Nucleotide-sensitive ion channels in human insulin producing tumour cells

C. Hales, N. Sturgess, Michael L.J. Ashford, 1987, Pflügers Archiv.

Calcium and ATP regulate the activity of a non-selective cation channel in a rat insulinoma cell line

C. Hales, N. Sturgess, M. Ashford, 1987, Pflügers Archiv.

Single channel recordings of potassium currents in an insulin-secreting cell line.

C. Hales, N. Sturgess, M. Ashford, 1986, Journal of Endocrinology.

The effects of pyridine nucleotides on the activity of a calcium-activated nonselective cation channel in the rat insulinoma cell line, CRI-G1

C. Hales, M. Ashford, V. Reale, 1994, The Journal of Membrane Biology.

ATP-sensitive K+ channels in pancreatic beta-cells. Spare-channel hypothesis.

L. Satin, C. Hales, D. Cook, 1988, Diabetes.

Effect of adrenaline on 32 P incorporation into rat fat-cell phospholipids.

C. Hales, J. Stein, 1972, The Biochemical journal.

Proinsulin Is an Independent Predictor of Coronary Heart Disease: Report From a 27-Year Follow-Up Study

C. Berne, L. Byberg, C. Hales, 2002, Circulation.

Normal Proinsulin Responses to Glucose in Mild Type II Subjects With Subnormal Insulin Response

J. Levy, R. Turner, C. Hales, 1993, Diabetes.

Glucokinase deficiency results in a beta-cell disorder characterised by normal fasting plasma proinsulin concentrations

J. Levy, A. Hattersley, R. Turner, 1997, Diabetologia.

Effects of size at birth, gestational age and early growth in preterm infants on glucose and insulin concentrations at 9–12 years

T. Cole, A. Lucas, M. Stafford, 2000, Diabetologia.

Loss of Proliferative Capacity and Induction of Senescence in Oxidatively Stressed Human Fibroblasts*

K. Stoeber, S. Ozanne, C. Hales, 2004, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

The role of insulin in the regulation of glucose metabolism

C. Hales, Clin. Invest, Springer-Verlag Berlin, 1971, Proceedings of the Nutrition Society.