R. Freedom

R. Freedom, D. Perrin, M. Silver, 1996, Pediatric pathology & laboratory medicine : journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology, affiliated with the International Paediatric Pathology Association.

Cardiopulmonary adaptation at rest and during exercise 10 years after Mustard atrial repair for transposition of the great arteries.

H. Levison, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1988, Circulation.

Noninvasive Estimation of End‐Systolic Aortic Pressure in Children

L. Benson, R. Freedom, M. Iwahara, 1991 .

Single coronary artery and complete transposition of the great arteries: a technical challenge resolved?

R. Freedom, M. Black, V. Shukla, 2000, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Early experience with arterial repair of transposition.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1981, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Anatomic Correction of Transposition of the Great Arteries: Pre‐ and Postoperative Cardiac Catheterization, with Angiocardiography in Five Patients

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1981, Circulation.

Immunosuppressive therapy in the management of acute myocarditis in children: a clinical trial.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, G. Wilson, 1991, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Acute renal failure complicating pediatric cardiac surgery: A comparison of survivors and nonsurvivors following acute peritoneal dialysis

R. Freedom, W. Williams, R. M. Giuffre, 1992, Pediatric Cardiology.

Some thoughts about the “lesser” ventricle in the “greater” circulation

R. Freedom, 2004, Cardiology in the Young.

What is the Optimal Age for Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot?

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Coles, 2000, Circulation.

The atrioventricular junction in the univentricular heart: A two-dimensional echocardiographic analysis

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, F. Picchio, 2006, Pediatric Cardiology.

Normal and abnormal structure of the ventriculo-arterial junctions

Robert H. Anderson, R. Freedom, 2005, Cardiology in the Young.

Radionuclide angiographic evaluation of ventricular function in isolated congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries.

R. Rowe, M. Schwaiger, P. McLaughlin, 1986, The American journal of cardiology.

Echocardiographic features before and after the Jatene procedure (anatomical correction) for transposition of the great vessels.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1981, American heart journal.

Ventricular performance before and after Fontan repair for univentricular atrioventricular connection: angiographic and radionuclide assessment.

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1992, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Transcatheter Occlusion of the Persistently Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Forty‐Month Follow‐up and Prevalence of Residual Shunting

L. Benson, R. Freedom, J. Dyck, 1991, Circulation.

Catheter occlusion of the persistently patent ductus arteriosus.

R. Rowe, P. McLaughlin, J. Smallhorn, 1988, The American journal of cardiology.

Outcomes in 45 children with ductal origin of the distal pulmonary artery.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, S. Yoo, 2006, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Physicians' attitudes toward a pediatric notification program of transfusion-related human immunodeficiency virus risk.

B. McCrindle, R. Haslam, R. Freedom, 1995, Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine.

Double-Outlet Right Ventricle

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, 1992 .

Double outlet right ventricle: clinical spectrum and prognosis.

R. Freedom, P. Olley, H. Sondheimer, 1977, The American journal of cardiology.

Balloon angioplasty of native coarctation: clinical outcomes and predictors of success.

B. McCrindle, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 2000, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Nonsurgical Management of Coarctation of the Aorta

L. Benson, R. Freedom, C. Ovaert, 1998 .

Anomalies of Aortopulmonary Septation: Persistent Truncus Arteriosus, Aortopulmonary Septal Defect, and Hemitruncus Arteriosus

R. Freedom, 1992 .

Interruption of the Aortic Arch

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, C. Moes, 1992 .

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

J. Smallhorn, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1992 .

Conal anatomy in aortic atresia, ventricular septal defect, and normally developed left ventricle.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, M. R. Dische, 1977, American heart journal.

Angiocardiography of subaortic obstruction in infancy.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, J. A. Culham, 1977, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

Aortic atresia with normal left ventricle distinctive angiocardiographic findings.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, J. A. Culham, 1977, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

Congenital Valvular Regurgitation

R. Freedom, 1992 .

Cardiac rhabdomyomas and obstructive left heart disease: histologically but not functionally benign.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, M. Kadletz, 1998, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Massive right ventricular fibroma treated with partial resection and a cavopulmonary shunt.

W. Williams, R. Freedom, M. Beghetti, 1996, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

The morphology of the right ventricular outflow tract after percutaneous pulmonary valvotomy: long term follow up.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, F. Burrows, 1987, British heart journal.

Outcomes of left atrial isomerism over a 28-year period at a single institution.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Smallhorn, 2000, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Syndromes of Right or Left Atrial Isomerism

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, 1992 .

Left atrial to coronary sinus fenestration (partially unroofed coronary sinus). Morphological and angiocardiographic observations.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, J. A. Culham, 1981, British heart journal.

Results of Right Atrial to Right Ventricular and Right Atrial to Pulmonary Artery Conduits for Complex Congenital Heart Disease

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1980, Annals of surgery.

The Segmental Approach to Congenital Heart Disease

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, 1992 .

The “wall-to-wall” heart in the patient with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum

Robert H. Anderson, E. Jaeggi, S. Yoo, 2006, Cardiology in the Young.

Neonatal expression of Ebstein's anomaly

R. Freedom, L. Benson, 1993 .

EBSTEIN'S MALFORMATION .OF THE TRICUSPID VALVE

L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1992 .

Problems in the nomenclature of the univentricular heart.

F. Macartney, A. Becker, R. Freedom, 1979, Herz.

Outcome in cyanotic neonates with Ebstein's anomaly.

B. McCrindle, R. Freedom, A. Yetman, 1998, The American journal of cardiology.

Spectrum of cardiovascular anomalies in Williams-Beuren syndrome

R. Freedom, C. Moes, N. Musewe, 1991, Pediatric Cardiology.

biventricular hearts Surgical treatment of aortic arch hypoplasia in infants and children with

W. Williams, N. Poirier, J. Coles, 2013 .

Surgical treatment of aortic arch hypoplasia in infants and children with biventricular hearts.

W. Williams, N. Poirier, J. Coles, 1999, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Biventricular hearts not amenable to biventricular repair.

G. V. van Arsdell, R. Freedom, G. S. Arsdell, 1998, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

The hypoplastic right heart complex.

R. Freedom, C. Moes, C. Moes, 1985, Seminars in roentgenology.

CARDIAC MALPOSITIONS INCLUDING ECTOPIA CORDIS AND CONGENITAL PERICARDIAL DEFECT

R. Freedom, 1992 .

Aortic valve and arch anomalies in the congenital asplenia syndrome. Case report, literature review and re-examination of the embryology of the congenital asplenia syndrome.

R. Freedom, 1974, The Johns Hopkins medical journal.

How can something so small cause so much grief? Some thoughts about the underdeveloped right ventricle in pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum.

R. Freedom, 1992, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries

R. Freedom, P. Burrows, 1992 .

Repair of major intracardiac anomalies associated with atrioventricular discordance.

W. Williams, J. Morch, R. Freedom, 1981, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Supero-Inferior Ventricles, Criss-Cross Atrioventricular Connections and the Straddling Atrioventricular Valve

R. Freedom, 1992 .

The straddling mitral valve: morphological observations and clinical implications.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, R. Bini, 1978, European journal of cardiology.

The Reliability and Practicality of Single Crystal Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Single Ventricle: Angiographic and Pathological Correlates

R. Rowe, C. M. Williams, R. Freedom, 1978, Circulation.

Coarctation of the aorta or subaortic stenosis with atrioventricular septal defect.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1984, The American journal of cardiology.

Anatomically corrected malposition of the great arteries. Report of 2 cases, one with congenital asplenia; frequent association with juxtaposition of atrial appendages.

D. Harrington, R. Freedom, 1974, British heart journal.

Severe obstruction to systemic blood flow in congenitally corrected transposition (discordant atrioventricular and ventriculo-arterial connexions): an analysis of 14 patients.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, J. Smallhorn, 1986, International journal of cardiology.

Double-Outlet Left Ventricle; Isolated Atrioventricular Discordance; Anatomically Corrected Malposition of the Great Arteries; and Syndrome of Juxtaposition of the Atrial Appendages

R. Freedom, 1992 .

The criss-cross and superoinferior ventricular heart: an angiocardiographic study.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, G. Culham, 1978, The American journal of cardiology.

Radiographic visceral patterns in the asplenia syndrome.

K. Fellows, R. Freedom, 1973, Radiology.

Atrial automatic tachycardia in children.

P. Hesslein, C. Finlay, W. Williams, 1988, The American journal of cardiology.

Echocardiographic diagnosis of fistula between the left circumflex coronary artery and the left atrium

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, P. Burrows, 1992, Pediatric Cardiology.

Unusual forms of common arterial trunk

R. Freedom, 2002 .

The “anthropology” of the segmental approach to the diagnosis of complex congenital heart disease

R. Freedom, 1984, Cardiovascular and interventional radiology.

Truncal valve repair: initial experience in neonates.

R. Freedom, I. Adatia, M. Black, 1998, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Truncal or aortic valve stenosis in functionally single arterial trunk. A clinical, hemodynamic and pathologic study of six cases.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, K. Bloom, 1978, The American journal of cardiology.

Primum atrial septal defect in children: early results, risk factors, and freedom from reoperation.

W. Williams, J. Coles, R. Freedom, 1998, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Anomalies of Pulmonary Venous Connections Including Cor Triatriatum and Stenosis of Individual Pulmonary Veins

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, N. Musewe, 1992 .

Anomalous pulmonary venous connections.

R. Freedom, P. Burrows, C. Moes, 1985, Seminars in roentgenology.

Profile of paediatric patients with pulmonary hypertension judged by responsiveness to vasodilators.

R. Freedom, D. Bohn, M. Rabinovitch, 1993, British heart journal.

Clinical characteristics Patient Age at Associated Heart Congenital No diagnosis Sex conditions Symptoms failure heart disease Surgery Group 1 : primary pulmonary hypertension

R. Freedom, D. Bohn, M. Rabinovitch, 2022 .

Endovascular stents in the pulmonary circulation. Clinical impact on management and medium-term follow-up.

B. McCrindle, J. Smallhorn, L. Benson, 1995, Circulation.

Early and late results of a protocol for simple transposition leading to an atrial switch (Mustard) repair.

W. Williams, E. Blackstone, J. Coles, 1988, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

The morphology of the human newborn ductus arteriosus: a reappraisal of its structure and closure with special reference to prostaglandin E1 therapy.

M. Silver, R. Freedom, P. Olley, 1981, Human pathology.

Results with the Mustard operation in simple transposition of the great arteries 1963-1985.

P. Hesslein, W. Williams, L. Benson, 1987, Annals of surgery.

Congenital absence of the pulmonary valve associated with imperforate membrane type of tricuspid atresia, right ventricular tensor apparatus and intact ventricular septum: a curious developmental complex.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, K. Bloom, 1979, European journal of cardiology.

Pulsed Doppler echocardiographic assessment of the pulmonary venous pathway after the Mustard or Senning procedure for transposition of the great arteries.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, G. Trusler, 1986, Circulation.

Interventional Cardiac Catheterization in Neonates

L. Benson, R. Freedom, P. Burrows, 1992 .

Pulsed Doppler echocardiography in the preoperative evaluation of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, 1986, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Contributions of intramyocardial sinusoids in pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum to a right-sided circular shunt.

D. Harrington, R. Freedom, Donald P. Harrmngton, 1974, British heart journal.

Classification of cardiomyopathies of childhood

R. Freedom, L. Benson, 1992 .

Tricuspid valve replacement in children.

W. Williams, M. Pasque, J. Coles, 1987, Annals of Thoracic Surgery.

Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum: management of, and outcomes for, a cohort of 210 consecutive patients

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Smallhorn, 2004, Cardiology in the Young.

Determination ofleft ventricular volumes by Simpson's ruleininfants andchildren with congenital heart disease

L. Benson, T. Ino, H. Mikalian, 2017 .

Right Ventricular Volume Determinations in 18 Patients with Pulmonary Atresia and Intact Ventricular Septum: Analysis of Factors Influencing Right Ventricular Growth

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1980, Circulation.

Steroid‐Eluting Epicardial Leads in Pediatrics: Improved Epicardial Thresholds in the First Year

R. Freedom, R. Hamilton, W. Williams, 1991, Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE.

Pulmonary valve morphology after balloon dilatation of pulmonary valve stenosis.

R. Rowe, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1985, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

Mechanism of acquired right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in patients with ventricular septal defect: an angiocardiographic study.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, G. Pongiglione, 1982, The American journal of cardiology.

Late results following repair of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection with sinus venosus atrial septal defect.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1980, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Common atrioventricular valve guarding double inlet atrioventricular connexion: natural history and surgical results in 76 cases.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, 1990, International journal of cardiology.

Cross‐sectional Echocardiographic Diagnosis and Subclassification of Univentricular Hearts: Imaging Studies of Atrioventricular Valves, Septal Structures and Rudimentary Outflow Chambers

R. Rowe, S. Goldberg, H. Allen, 1982, Circulation.

Cross-Sectional Echocardiographic Recognition of Septal Structures in Univentricular Hearts

R. Rowe, D. Sahn, R. Freedom, 1981 .

Pulmonary artery tears following balloon valvotomy for pulmonary stenosis

L. Benson, R. Freedom, P. Burrows, 2007, CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology.

Natural history and prognostic risk factors in endocardial fibroelastosis.

R. Rowe, L. Benson, T. Ino, 1988, The American journal of cardiology.

Critical aortic stenosis. Survival and management.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1987, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

A practical approach to 1 1/2 ventricle repairs.

W. Williams, G. V. van Arsdell, R. Freedom, 1998, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Clinical impact of balloon angioplasty for branch pulmonary arterial stenosis.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, P. Burrows, 1992, The American journal of cardiology.

Congenital Cardiovascular Disease and Anomalies of the Third and Fourth Pharyngeal Pouch

F. Rosen, R. Freedom, A. Nadas, 1972, Circulation.

Outcomes of uncomplicated aortic valve stenosis presenting in infants.

B. McCrindle, Ra K. Han, L. Benson, 2003, American heart journal.

Results of total correction in complete atrioventricular septal defects with congenital or surgically induced right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

W. Williams, R. Freedom, J. Leblanc, 1986, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

SYMPOSIUM: DOUBLE-OUTLET RIGHT VENTRICLE Double-Outlet Right Ventricle: Pathology and Angiocardiography

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, 2000 .

Double-outlet right ventricle: Pathology and angiocardiography.

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, 2000, Seminars in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Pediatric cardiac surgery annual.

Infectious endocarditis in an analysis of fifty-five episodes over a ten-year period

R. Freedom, R. Fowler, D. Johnston, 1997, Cardiology in the Young.

Physical Examination of the Cardiovascular System of the Neonate

R. Freedom, T. Izukawa, 1992 .

Retrobronchial vertical vein in totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the innominate vein and its specific occurrence in right isomerism.

L. Benson, S. Yoo, R. Freedom, 1993, The American journal of cardiology.

The prostaglandin challenge. Test to unmask obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous connections in asplenia syndrome.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, P. Olley, 1978, British heart journal.

Benign congenital cardiac tumor associated with a ‘malignant’ cardiac malformation

R. Freedom, M. Silver, A. Davis, 1996, Cardiology in the Young.

Endocardial cushion defect and significant hypoplasia of the left ventricle: a distinct clinical and pathological entity.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, M. Bini, 1978, European journal of cardiology.

Aortic atresia with a ventricular septal defect: modified single-stage neonatal biventricular repair.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, M. Black, 1999, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Accuracy of surface electrocardiograms for differentiating children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from normal children.

B. McCrindle, A. Dipchand, R. Freedom, 1999, The American journal of cardiology.

Oral Anticoagulation Therapy in Pediatric Patients: a Prospective Study

W. Williams, R. Freedom, V. Marzinotto, 1994, Thrombosis and Haemostasis.

Echocardiographic and Doppler Evaluation of the Aortic Arch and Brachiocephalic Vessels in Cerebral and Systemic Arteriovenous Fistulas

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, P. Burrows, 1988, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Percutaneous implantation of a balloon-expandable endoprosthesis for pulmonary artery stenosis: an experimental study.

M. Rabinowitch, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1991, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Minimally invasive surgery with cardioscopy for congenital heart defects.

R. Freedom, V. Rao, M. Black, 1999, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Double‐Inlet Ventricle

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, 2007 .

Independent factors associated with longevity of prosthetic pulmonary valves and valved conduits.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Coles, 2000, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Management and outcomes of right atrial isomerism: a 26-year experience.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Smallhorn, 1998, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Endovascular stents in congenital heart disease.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, D. Nykanen, 1996, Progress in cardiovascular diseases.

Imaging of the Neonate with Congenital Heart Disease

R. Freedom, P. Burrows, C. Moes, 1992 .

Acute renal failure: an important complication of cardiac surgery in infants.

J. Haller, R. Chesney, R. Freedom, 1975, The Journal of pediatrics.

Acute renal failure: An important of cardiac surgery in infants complication

R. Chesney, R. Freedom, K. Drummond, 1975 .

Abnormal cardiac signs after Fontan type of operation: indicators of residua and sequelae.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, L. Benson, 1989, British heart journal.

A case-control study on the association between first trimester exposure to lithium and Ebstein's anomaly.

T. Einarson, G. Koren, R. Freedom, 1990, The American journal of cardiology.

Non-invasive determination of the systolic peak-to-peak gradient in children with aortic stenosis: validation of a mathematical model

R. Freedom, C. Houde, E. Zahn, 2000, Cardiology in the Young.

Reopening of persistent left superior caval vein after bidirectional cavopulmonary connections

R. Freedom, C. Ovaert, D. Nykanen, 1998, Heart.

Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum: results of the Fontan procedure.

W. Williams, J. Coles, R. Freedom, 1997, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

The Differential Diagnosis of Levo‐Transposed or Malposed Aorta: An Angiocardiographic Study

D. Harrington, R. White, R. Freedom, 1974, Circulation.

Percutaneous stent implantation to stenotic bioprosthetic valves in the pulmonary position.

W. Williams, J. Coles, L. Benson, 2002, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Catheterization interventions in the management of common arterial trunk

L. Benson, R. Freedom, 2002 .

Endovascular stent implantation for the management of postoperative right ventricular outflow tract obstruction: clinical efficacy.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Coles, 1999, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Endovascular stents in children under 1 year of age: acute impact and late results.

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1995, British heart journal.

Balloon therapy of critical aortic stenosis in the neonate. The therapeutic conundrum resolved?

R. Freedom, 1989, Circulation.

Rapid evolution from "normal" left ventricular outflow tract to fatal subaortic stenosis in infancy.

R. Freedom, R. Fowler, W. Duncan, 1981, British heart journal.

Obstructive rhabdomyoma and univentricular physiology: a rare combination.

C. Boutin, R. Freedom, U. Dyamenahalli, 1998, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Relentless pulmonary vein stenosis after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, 1998, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Warm induction blood cardioplegia in the infant. A technique to avoid rapid cooling myocardial contracture.

R. Tibshirani, W. Williams, J. Coles, 1990, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Small aortic root in childhood: surgical options.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, 1994, Annals of Thoracic Surgery.

Atrioventricular discordance: results of repair in 127 patients.

W. Williams, P. McLaughlin, J. Coles, 1999, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Independent factors associated with mortality, reintervention, and achievement of complete repair in children with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, G. V. van Arsdell, 2006, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Once-daily versus twice-daily dosing of digoxin in the pediatric age group.

G. Koren, R. Freedom, Y. Bentur, 1990, Jornal de Pediatria.

Clinical and laboratory observations Once-daily versus twice-daily dosing of digoxin in the pediatric age group

G. Koren, R. Freedom, Y. Bentur, 1989 .

Selective aortic root angiography in the hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

D. Harrington, R. Freedom, C. Moes, 1976, European journal of cardiology.

Percutaneous Balloon Valvotomy in Pulmonary Atresia With Intact Ventricular Septum: Impact on Patient Care

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, L. Benson, 2003, Circulation.

Complications associated with pediatric cardiac catheterization.

B. McCrindle, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1998, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Glossary of Congenital Cardiac Operations

W. Williams, J. Coles, L. Benson, 1992 .

The tricuspid valve in pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum: a morphological study of 60 cases.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, M. R. Dische, 1978, Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine.

Transcatheter patent ductus arteriosus occlusion: application in the small child.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, D. Nykanen, 1994, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Doppler echocardiographic measurement of pulmonary artery pressure from ductal Doppler velocities in the newborn.

H. Whyte, J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, 1990, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

The Fontan procedure: analysis of cohorts and late complications

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, L. Benson, 2000, Cardiology in the Young.

Tetralogy of Fallot with “Absent” Pulmonary Valve

R. Freedom, M. Rabinovitch, 1992 .

Influence of ventricular morphology on diastolic filling performance in double-inlet ventricle after the Fontan procedure.

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1993, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Regional ventricular wall motion abnormalities in tricuspid atresia after the Fontan procedure.

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1993, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

The bronchopulmonary foregut malformation complex

Robert H. Anderson, S. Yoo, R. Freedom, 2006, Cardiology in the Young.

Clinical relevance of therapeutic drug monitoring of digoxin and gentamicin in the saliva of children.

G. Koren, R. Freedom, M. Berkovitch, 1998, Therapeutic drug monitoring.

A possible primidone embryopathy.

R. Freedom, N. Rudd, 1979, The Journal of pediatrics.

Anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta: 36 years' experience from one centre

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, R. Freedom, 1998, Cardiology in the Young.

Two-dimensional echocardiographic identification of hemitruncus: anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from ascending aorta with the other pulmonary artery arising normally from right ventricle.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, P. Olley, 1981, American heart journal.

MRI diagnosis of isolated origin of the left subclavian artery from the left pulmonary artery

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, H. Branson, 2005, Pediatric Radiology.

Analysis of survival in patients with pulmonic valve atresia and ventricular septal defect.

W. Williams, N. Lightfoot, R. Freedom, 1991, The American journal of cardiology.

Rare types of aortic arch anomalies

R. Freedom, C. A. Frederic Moes, 1993, Pediatric Cardiology.

Bilateral ductus arteriosus (or remnant): an analysis of 27 patients.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, J. Smallhorn, 1984, The American journal of cardiology.

Congenital cardiac disease and the "cat eye" syndrome.

R. Freedom, P. Gerald, 1973, American journal of diseases of children.

The asplenia syndrome: a review of significant extracardiac structural abnormalities in 29 necropsied patients.

R. Freedom, Robert M. Freedom, 1972, The Journal of pediatrics.

Dilated cardiomyopathy with neutropenia, short stature, and abnormal carnitine metabolism.

L. Benson, T. Ino, R. Freedom, 1988, The Journal of pediatrics.

Complications of Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography

R. Freedom, J. A. Culham, J. Culham, 1985 .

Clinical course in pulmonary stenosis.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, A. Nadas, 1977, Circulation.

Richard Desmond Rowe MD, MB, ChB February 10, 1923 to January 18, 1988

R. Freedom, 1999, Cardiology in the Young.

Use of endovascular stents to increase pulmonary blood flow in pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, E. Zahn, 1992, The American journal of cardiology.

The investigation of abnormal pulmonary arteries in congenital heart disease.

R. Freedom, P. Burrows, M. Rabinovitch, 1985, Radiologic clinics of North America.

Palliative right ventricular outflow tract construction for patients with pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect, and hypoplastic pulmonary arteries.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1983, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Pulmonary vein wedge angiography: indications, results, and surgical correlates in 25 patients.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1983, The American journal of cardiology.

A method of treating serous fluid leak from a polytetrafluoroethylene Blalock-Taussig shunt.

W. Williams, A. Maitland, J. Coles, 1985, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Serous fluid leakage: a complication following the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt.

W. Williams, R. Freedom, G. Trusler, 1984, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Iliofemoral arterial complications of balloon angioplasty for systemic obstructions in infants and children.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, 1990, Circulation.

Familial desminopathy: myopathy with accumulation of desmin-type intermediate filaments.

L. Becker, R. Freedom, J. Vajsar, 1993, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

The Natural History of the So‐Called Aneurysm of the Membranous Ventricular Septum in Childhood

L. J. Krovetz, R. Rowe, D. Pieroni, 1974, Circulation.

Interventional cardiac catheterization.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, D. Nykanen, 1999, Pediatric clinics of North America.

Balloon dilation of severe aortic stenosis in the neonate: comparison of anterograde and retrograde catheter approaches.

B. McCrindle, A. Magee, L. Benson, 1997, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

The modified Blalock-Taussig shunt: clinical impact and morbidity in Fallot's tetralogy in the current era.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, L. Benson, 1997, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Thrombolytic therapy for femoral artery thrombosis after pediatric cardiac catheterization.

R. Rowe, L. Benson, T. Ino, 1988, American heart journal.

Horseshoe lung — a case report with unusual bronchial and pleural anomalies and a proposed new classification

R. Freedom, P. Burrows, F. Figa, 1993, Pediatric Radiology.

Scimitar syndrome in infancy.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, P. Burrows, 1993, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

"Horseshoe" lung: report of five new cases.

R. Freedom, P. Burrows, C. Moes, 1986, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

Arteriovenous Fistulae: A Consideration of Extracardiac Causes of Congestive Heart Failure

R. Freedom, P. Burrows, N. Musewe, 1992 .

Rings, Slings, and Other Things: Vascular Structures Contributing to a Neonatal “Noose”

R. Freedom, C. Moes, 1992 .

Scimitar syndrome: twenty years' experience and results of repair.

W. Williams, J. Coles, R. Freedom, 1996, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Embolization of a Blalock-Taussig shunt in a child.

R. Freedom, T. Izukawa, J. A. Culham, 1981, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

Angiographic findings of persistent primitive hepatic venous plexus with underdevelopment of the infrahepatic inferior vena cava in pediatric patients.

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, I. Adatia, 2000, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

The Natural and Modifed History of Congenital Heart Disease

W. Williams, S. Yoo, R. Freedom, 2003 .

Azygos vein agenesis and PAPVR: a potential surgical hazard.

R. Freedom, M. Black, 1997, Annals of Thoracic Surgery.

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the azygos vein with atrial septal defect.

W. Williams, R. Freedom, J. Mullen, 1991, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Systemic venous collateral development after the bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis. Prevalence and predictors.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, A. Magee, 1998, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Persistence of the hepatic venous plexus with underdevelopment of the inferior caval vein: implications in the management of complex congenital heart disease

R. Freedom, I. Adatia, G. Gladman, 1998, Cardiology in the Young.

Surgical management of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage: impact of coexisting cardiac anomalies.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, 1998, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

The biological “scrabble” of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: considerations in the setting of cavopulmonary surgery

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, D. Perrin, 2004, Cardiology in the Young.

Pulmonary arteriography in congenital heart disease.

R. Freedom, P. Olley, 1976, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

Echocardiographic evaluation of the spectrum of cardiac anomalies associated with trisomy 13 and trisomy 18.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, I. Teshima, 1990, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Survival analysis of infants under age 18 months presenting with tetralogy of Fallot.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, 1993, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Angiocardiography of congenital heart disease

R. Freedom, C. Moes, J. A. Culham, 1984 .

Coronary sinus rhythm in the polysplenia syndrome.

R. Freedom, R. C. Ellison, 1973, Chest.

Augmentation of pulmonary blood flow with an axillary arteriovenous fistula after a cavopulmonary shunt.

W. Williams, A. Magee, L. Benson, 1996, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

The role of cava-pulmonary (Glenn) anastomosis in the palliative treatment of congenital heart disease.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1982, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Echocardiographic assessment of pulmonary blood supply in patients with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, R. Acherman, 1996, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Functional hyposplenia in congenital heart disease: comments.

R. Freedom, 1972, Pediatrics.

Aortic vasa vasorum in cyanotic congenital heart disease.

R. Freedom, J. A. Culham, R. Jones, 1979, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

The Clinical Diagnostic Approach in Congenital Heart Disease

L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1992 .

Tetralogy of Fallot with anomalous LAD: repair without conduit.

J. Coles, R. Freedom, S. O'blenes, 1996, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Abnormal position of the brachiocephalic vein.

R. Rowe, J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, 1985, The American journal of cardiology.

Risk factors for atrial tachyarrhythmias after the Fontan operation.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, R. Freedom, 1994, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

The clinical impact of percutaneous balloon expandable endovascular stents in the management of early postoperative vascular obstruction

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1996, Cardiology in the Young.

Intravascular stent prosthesis for right ventricular outflow obstruction.

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1992, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Cerebral arteriovenous malformation in neonates

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, P. Olley, 2005, Pediatric Cardiology.

Double aortic arch with atretic right dorsal segment.

R. Freedom, P. Burrows, C. Moes, 1986, Pediatric cardiology.

The subclavian artery as the first branch of the aortic arch

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 2005, Pediatric Cardiology.

Identification of Congenital Malformations of the Great Arteries in Infants by Real‐time Two‐dimensional Echocardiography

J. Griffith, W. Henry, B. Maron, 1975, Circulation.

Preferential shunting of venous return from normally connected left pulmonary veins in secundum atrial septal defect.

L. J. Krovetz, R. Freedom, R. Hawker, 1974 .

Preferential Shunting of Venous Return From Normally Connected Left Pulmonary Veins in Secundum Atrial Septal Defect

L. J. Krovetz, R. Freedom, R. Hawker, 1974, Pediatric Research.

Anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta: 36 years' experience from one centre.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, R. Freedom, 2007, Cardiology in the young.

Repair of isolated multiple muscular ventricular septal defects: the septal obliteration technique.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, M. Black, 2000, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Surgical experience with the modified Fontan procedure.

R. Rowe, J. Coles, L. Benson, 1987, Circulation.

Stent implantation to create interatrial communications in patients with complex congenital heart disease

L. Benson, R. Freedom, D. Nykanen, 1999, Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions.

‘You didn't see them, but now you do!': use of balloon occlusion angiography in the identification of systemic venous anomalies before and after cavopulmonary procedures

R. Freedom, C. Ovaert, L. Filippini, 1999, Cardiology in the Young.

Use of balloon expandable stents in the palliative relief of obstructed right ventricular conduits

B. McCrindle, J. Smallhorn, L. Benson, 1997, Cardiology in the Young.

Transcatheter perforation of the right ventricular outflow tract as initial therapy for pulmonary valve atresia and intact ventricular septum in the newborn.

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1997, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

Surgical Connections From Ventricle to Pulmonary Artery: Comparison of Four Types of Valved Implants

W. Williams, J. Coles, R. Freedom, 1992, Circulation.

Long-term results in neonates with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum.

W. Williams, J. Coles, N. Lightfoot, 1989, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Pulmonary Atresia and Intact Ventricular Septum

W. Williams, R. Rowe, J. Smallhorn, 1992 .

A most peculiar coronary circulation in a patient with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, A. Javois, 2000, Cardiology in the Young.

Neonatal Heart Disease

Robert M. Freedom, J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, 1991 .

Alternative uses of the Rashkind umbrella device in congenital and post-surgical cardiovascular lesions—early results and impact on clinical course

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1996, Cardiology in the Young.

Transcatheter closure of an aortopulmonary window with a modified double umbrella occluder system.

J. Smallhorn, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1995, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

Physiological impact and transcatheter treatment of the persisting left superior caval vein

B. McCrindle, L. Benson, S. Yoo, 2002, Cardiology in the Young.

Total anomalous systemic venous drainage to the coronary sinus in association with hypoplastic left heart disease: more than a mere coincidence.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, M. Kadletz, 1997, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Anomalous low insertion of right superior vena cava.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, M. Schaffer, 1982, British heart journal.

Splenic scintigraphy and radionuclide venography in the heterotaxy syndrome.

S. Treves, R. Freedom, 1973, Radiology.

Management of neonatal critical pulmonic stenosis in the balloon valvotomy era.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, 1990, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

The dysplastic pulmonary valve: echocardiographic features and results of balloon dilatation.

R. Rowe, J. Smallhorn, L. Benson, 1987, British heart journal.

Morphologic and hemodynamic consequences after percutaneous balloon valvotomy for neonatal pulmonary stenosis: medium-term follow-up.

C. Boutin, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1996, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

An echocardiographic study of the association of ventricular septal defect and right ventricular muscle bundles with a fixed subaortic abnormality.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, 1988, The American journal of cardiology.

Clinical findings in common arterial trunk

L. Benson, R. Freedom, A. Peirone, 2002 .

Surgical management of critical pulmonary stenosis in the neonate.

W. Williams, J. Coles, R. Freedom, 1984, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Outcomes in critically ill neonates with pulmonary stenosis and intact ventricular septum: a multiinstitutional study. Congenital Heart Surgeons Society.

R M Sade, E. Blackstone, R. Freedom, 1993, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Thromboexclusion of the right ventricle in children with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, 1991, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Analysis of survival in patients with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum treated surgically.

W. Williams, J. Coles, N. Lightfoot, 1989, International journal of cardiology.

Aneurysm of the Membranous Septum in Critical Pulmonary Stenosis: Spontaneous Rupture After Balloon Dilatation

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, C. Pedra, 2001, Pediatric Cardiology.

Should we address the course as well as the origin of a translocated anomalous coronary artery?

B. McCrindle, R. Freedom, M. Black, 1998, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Introduction: Cardiomyopathies of childhood

R. Freedom, L. Benson, 1992 .

Percutaneous pericardial catheter drainage in childhood.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, C. Houde, 1992, The American journal of cardiology.

Aneurysm of the membraous septum in ventricular septal defect.

R. Rowe, H. Wagner, R. Freedom, 1977, Circulation.

Tetralogy of fallot with severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction due to anomalous attachment of the mitral valve to the ventricular septum

R. Freedom, R. Nebesar, R. Praagh, 1970 .

Closed heart surgery for congenital heart disease in infancy.

W. Williams, P. D. del Nido, J. Coles, 1988, Clinics of Perinatology.

Pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1983, Scandinavian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

The cavopulmonary shunt : evolution of a concept

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, 1990 .

Pulmonary artery stenosis following aortopulmonary anastomoses.

W. Williams, R. Freedom, G. Trusler, 1981, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Echocardiographic evaluation of obstructive mechanism of tetralogy of Fallot with restrictive ventricular septal defect.

R. Freedom, G. Trusler, J. Smallhorn, 1988, The American journal of cardiology.

Preservation of the pulmonary valve complex in tetralogy of fallot: how small is too small?

L. Hornberger, R. Freedom, V. Rao, 2000, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Extracardiac conduit versus lateral tunnel cavopulmonary connections at a single institution: impact on outcomes.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Coles, 2001, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Impact of diaphragmatic paralysis after cardiothoracic surgery in children.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Williams, 1999, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

A case report of double-orifice tricuspid valve.

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, P. Burrows, 1993, International journal of cardiology.

Superior vena cava to pulmonary artery anastomosis: an adjunct to biventricular repair.

W. Williams, J. Coles, G. V. van Arsdell, 1996, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Late results after repair of aortic insufficiency associated with ventricular septal defect.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, 1992, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy presenting before 2 years of age in 13 patients

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, M. Schaffer, 1983, Pediatric Cardiology.

Combined noninvasive assessment of the patent ductus arteriosus in the preterm infant before and after indomethacin treatment.

R. Rowe, J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, 1984, The American journal of cardiology.

Atresia of the coronary sinus orifice with persistence of the left superior caval vein

L. Alday, R. Freedom, A. Peirone, 2005, Cardiology in the Young.

Thedysplastic pulmonary valve: echocardiographic features andresults ofballoon dilatation

R. Rowe, J. Smallhorn, L. Benson, 1987 .

Aortic valve regurgitation after surgical versus percutaneous balloon valvotomy for congenital aortic valve stenosis.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Smallhorn, 1996, The American journal of cardiology.

Indirect assessment of severity in pulmonary stenosis.

J. F. Keane, R. Rowe, R. Freedom, 1977, Circulation.

The morphologic variations of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum: Guidelines for surgical intervention

R. Freedom, 1983, Pediatric Cardiology.

Noninvasive recognition of functional pulmonary atresia by echocardiography.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, T. Izukawa, 1984, The American journal of cardiology.

Ventriculo-coronary arterial connections in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, and their influences on ventricular performance and clinical course.

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1993, The American journal of cardiology.

Aneurysm of the Membranous Septum in Ventricular Septal Defect

R. Rowe, H. Wagner, R. Freedom, 2005 .

Congenital aortico-right atrial communications. The dilemma of differentiation from coronary-cameral fistula.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, J. Smallhorn, 1986, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Ballon atrial septostomy under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance

C. Boutin, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1992, Pediatric Cardiology.

Persistence of the fetal pattern of circulation in transposition of the great arteries.

L. J. Krovetz, R. Freedom, R. Hawker, 1974, The Johns Hopkins medical journal.

Atrial switch operation: past, present, and future.

W. Williams, I. Konstantinov, R. Freedom, 2004, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Balloon dilatation of the very small patent ductus arteriosus in preparation for transcatheter occlusion.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1989, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

Comparison of two transcatheter closure methods of persistently patent arterial duct.

B. McCrindle, A. Magee, L. Benson, 2001, The American journal of cardiology.

Solitary arterial trunk with absence of the ascending aorta: embryologic considerations.

L. Hornberger, G. V. van Arsdell, S. Yoo, 2002, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Endovascular stent implantation in multiple aortopulmonary collaterals - Outcome as a palliative procedure in cyanotic Congenital heart-disease

R. Freedom, R. Justo, D. Nykanen, 1995 .

Balloon angioplasty of recurrent coarctation: a 12-year review.

B. McCrindle, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1997, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Echocardiographic evaluation, management and outcomes of bilateral arterial ducts and complex congenital heart disease: 16 years' experience

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, A. Peirone, 2002, Cardiology in the Young.

Coronary angiography of pulmonary atresia, hypoplastic right ventricle, and ventriculocoronary communications.

W. Williams, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1990, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

Outcomes after balloon dilation of congenital aortic stenosis in children and adolescents

B. McCrindle, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 2004, Cardiology in the Young.

Decreased Left Ventricular Coronary Artery Density in Pulmonary Atresia and Intact Ventricular Septum

R. Freedom, G. P. Taylor, M. Hwang, 2007, Cardiology.

A novel repair for patients with atrioventricular septal defect requiring reoperation for left atrioventricular valve regurgitation.

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, N. Poirier, 2000, European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.

Subaortic stenosis in the spectrum of atrioventricular septal defects. Solutions may be complex and palliative.

W. Williams, C. Boutin, J. Coles, 1995, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Complete atrioventricular septal defects: results of repair, risk factors, and freedom from reoperation.

W. Williams, J. Coles, R. Freedom, 1997, Circulation.

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries associated with hypoplasia of the morphological left ventricle in the setting of atrial situs inversus.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, E. Zahn, 1992, International journal of cardiology.

The neonate with congenital heart disease. Second Edition.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, K. Bloom, 1981, Major problems in clinical pediatrics.

A symptomatic atypical mycobacterial infection masquerading as a vascular ring on chest x-ray.

R. Freedom, D. Wesson, H. Dodo, 1996, The Canadian journal of cardiology.

The long and the short of it: some thoughts about the fixed forms of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

R. Freedom, 1997, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Color Doppler echocardiography, Fred Astaire and the magic of Hollywood.

R. Freedom, 1990, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Complete transposition of the great arteries and coarctation of the aorta.

W. Williams, R. Rowe, J. Smallhorn, 1984, The American journal of cardiology.

Pulsed Doppler Assessment of the Pulmonary Venous Pathway following Mustard and Senning Procedure for Transposition of the Great Arteries

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, G. Trusler, 1986 .

The potentially obstructive subaortic region and banding of the pulmonary trunk—selected observations in the patient considered for a Fontan procedure

R. Freedom, T. Akagi, L. Benson, 1993, Cardiology in the Young.

A Criss-Cross Heart with Twisted Atrioventricular Connections, “Perfect Streaming,” and Double Discordance

R. Freedom, Kenny K. Wong, W. Duncan, 2006, Pediatric Cardiology.

Reoperation for recurrent aortic coarctation.

W. Williams, R. Freedom, G. Trusler, 1995, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Direct neonatal ventriculo-arterial connections (REV): early results and future implications.

R. Freedom, M. Black, V. Shukla, 1999, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Enhanced Thrombin Regulation during Warfarin Therapy in Children Compared to Adults

R. Freedom, V. Marzinotto, P. Massicotte, 1998, Thrombosis and Haemostasis.

Outcome of coronary artery aneurysms after Kawasaki disease.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, T. Akagi, 1992, The Journal of pediatrics.

Intravenous and Oral Propafenone for Treatment of Tachycardia in Infants and Children: Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Response

G. Koren, R. Freedom, S. Ito, 1998, Journal of clinical pharmacology.

The natural history of the patient with transposition of the great arteries before atrial septostomy

R. Freedom, 1992 .

Hypothermia in conjunction with hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of massive air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass.

W. Williams, R. Freedom, D. Steward, 1977, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Correlation among radiologic, echocardiographic indices and self paced-exercise capacity in heart failure

W. Halliday, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 1990 .

Surgical experience with reparative techniques in patients with congenital mitral valvular anomalies.

W. Williams, J. Coles, R. Freedom, 1987, Circulation.

A wire technique to cross the congenitally stenotic aortic valve.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, I. Adatia, 1989, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

Torsade de pointes ventricular tachycardia in a newborn infant.

R. Freedom, J. Finley, D. Radford, 1978, British heart journal.

tachycardia in a newborn infant . Torsade de pointes ventricular

R. Freedom, J. Finley, D. Radford, 2022 .

Myocardial bridging in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--a risk factor for sudden death.

B. McCrindle, R. Freedom, R M Freedom, 1998, The New England journal of medicine.

Nutrition After Surgery for Hypoplastic Left-Heart Syndrome

B. McCrindle, R. Freedom, I. Rebeyka, 1998 .

The Cavopulmonary Shunt

W. Williams, S. Yoo, R. Freedom, 2007 .

Cerebral arteriovenous malformation in neonates. The role of myocardial ischemia.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, P. Olley, 1983, Pediatric cardiology.

Determinants of success in pediatric cardiac patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

W. Williams, J. Coles, R. Freedom, 1995, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Equivalent survival following cavopulmonary shunt: with or without the Fontan procedure.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Coles, 1999, European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.

Conjoined Thoracopagus Twins

R. Freedom, L. Benson, T. Izukawa, 1992 .

From functional pulmonary atresia to right ventricular restriction. Long term follow up of Uhl's anomaly.

C. Boutin, R. Freedom, R. Tumbarello, 1998, International journal of cardiology.

Transatrial selective coronary arteriography in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.

R. Freedom, H. Mikailian, D. Nykanen, 1998, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

Pulmonary blood supply by a branch from the distal ascending aorta in pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect: Differential diagnosis of fifth aortic arch

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, P. Burrows, 1993, Pediatric Cardiology.

Tricuspid and pulmonary atresia with coarctation of the aorta: a rare combination possibly explained by persistence of the fifth aortic arch with a systemic-to-pulmonary arterial connection.

R. Freedom, M. Silver, H. Miyamura, 1989, International journal of cardiology.

Persistent Fifth Aortic Arch

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, A. Peirone, 2007 .

Fate of the neopulmonary valve after the arterial switch operation in neonates.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, C. Boutin, 1998, The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Tetralogy of Fallot with non-confluent pulmonary arteries and aortopulmonary septal defect

A. Dipchand, R. Freedom, M. Giuffré, 1999, Cardiology in the Young.

Coronary sinus rhythm and umbilical vein catheterization.

R. Freedom, 1973, The Journal of pediatrics.

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connections and consideration of the Fontan or one-ventricle repair.

R. Freedom, A. Hashmi, 1998, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects using the Cardio-Seal implant

P. McLaughlin, C. Boutin, L. Benson, 2000, Heart.

Ventricular function during supine bicycle exercise in univentricular connection with absent right atrioventricular connection.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, T. Akagi, 1991, The American journal of cardiology.

Isolated ventricular inversion with double inlet left ventricle.

R. Freedom, M. R. Dische, M. Nanton, 1977, European journal of cardiology.

Morphological findings contributing to a failed Fontan procedure. Twelve-year experience.

W. Williams, J. Coles, R. Freedom, 1990, Circulation.

Common Arterial Trunk

S. Yoo, R. Freedom, 2007 .

Assessment of Myocardial Perfusion in Patients Afterthe ArterialSwitch Operation

W. Williams, J. Smallhorn, L. Benson, 1991 .

Arterial Repair of Transposition

William G. Williams, Robert M. Freedom, George A. Trusler, 1986 .

Isolated Transposition of the Great Arteries: The Present Unnatural History

W. Williams, R. Rowe, B. Craig, 1986 .

Cardiovascular surgery: abstractsIndependent factors associated with outcomes of parachute mitral valve in 84 patients☆

B. McCrindle, R. Freedom, M. Schaverien, 2004 .

Transcatheter management of residual shunts after initial transcatheter closure of a patent arterial duct.

B. McCrindle, L. Benson, R. Freedom, 2003, The Canadian journal of cardiology.

A femoral vein-femoral artery loop technique for aortic dilatation in children.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, M. Hosking, 1991, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

Influence of perioperative factors on outcomes in children younger than 18 months after repair of tetralogy of Fallot.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, R. Freedom, 2000, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Diastolic function pre and post Fontan's repair for univentricular connection

L. Benson, R. Freedom, T. Akagi, 1991 .

Outcomes of left atrial isomerism over a 28-year period at a single institution.

W. Williams, B. McCrindle, J. Smallhorn, 2000, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Two-dimensional echocardiographic and color flow Doppler evaluation of ductal occlusion with the Rashkind prosthesis.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, N. Musewe, 1989, Circulation.

ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT

G. Veldtman, R. Freedom, P. Wood, 1950, British heart journal.

Pulsed Doppler echocardiographic assessment of extraparenchymal pulmonary vein flow.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, P. Olley, 1987, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Results of the Fontan procedure for patients with univentricular heart.

J. Smallhorn, J. Coles, R. Freedom, 1991, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

Abnormal cardiac signs after Fontan type of operation: indicators of residua and sequelae.

R. Freedom, G. Trusler, Lee N. Benson, 1989, British heart journal.

Transcatheter occlusion of the patent ductus arteriosus in the presence of mild isthmal hypoplasia.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, D. Nykanen, 1993, Catheterization and cardiovascular diagnosis.

Factors influencing the persistence of shunting within 24 hours of catheter occlusion of the ductus arteriosus.

R. Freedom, N. Musewe, Leland N. Benson, 1991, British heart journal.

Profile ofpaediatric patients withpulmonary hypertension judged byresponsiveness to vasodilators

R. Freedom, M. Rabinovitch, C. Houde, 1993 .

Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis

R. Freedom, Shi-Joon Yoo, 2007 .

A novel repair for patients with atrioventricular septal defect requiring reoperation for left atrioventricular valve regurgitation.

J. Smallhorn, R. Freedom, G. S. Arsdell, 2000, European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.

Differentiation of functional and structural pulmonary atresia: role of aortography.

R. Rowe, R. Freedom, P. Olley, 1978, The American journal of cardiology.

Reocclusion for persistent shunting after catheter placement of the Rashkind patent ductus arteriosus occluder.

L. Benson, R. Freedom, N. Musewe, 1989, The Canadian journal of cardiology.