C. Hales

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Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: the thrifty phenotype hypothesis

C. Hales, C. Hales, D. Barker, 1992, Diabetologia.

How to measure plasma insulin.

C. Hales, P. Clark, C. Hales, 1994, Diabetes/metabolism reviews.

The preparation and properties of purified 125-I-labelled antibodies to insulin.

C. Hales, L. Miles, L. Miles, 1968, The Biochemical journal.

Pre- and early postnatal nongenetic determinants of type 2 diabetes

S. Ozanne, C. Hales, Susan E. Ozanne, 2002, Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine.

Fetal Growth and Glucose and Insulin Metabolism in Four‐year‐old Indian Children

D. Bhat, C. Osmond, C. Yajnik, 1995, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Adult glucose and lipid metabolism may be programmed during fetal life.

A. Lucas, S. Ozanne, N. Crowther, 1995, Biochemical Society transactions.

Relation of cord plasma concentrations of proinsulin, 32-33 split proinsulin, insulin and C-peptide to placental weight and the baby's size and proportions at birth.

K. Godfrey, D. Barker, C. Osmond, 1996, Early human development.

Maternal low protein diet in rats programmes fatty acid desaturase activities in the offspring

S. Ozanne, C. Hales, C. Petry, 1998, Diabetologia.

Glucose intolerance and impairment of insulin secretion in relation to vitamin D deficiency in East London Asians

C. Hales, B. Boucher, K. Noonan, 1995, Diabetologia.

Reproducibility of the Short Insulin Tolerance Test

C. Hales, P. Clark, D. Phillips, 1993, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Genotype analysis in cystic fibrosis in relation to the occurrence of diabetes mellitus

D. Barton, C. Hales, J. Shneerson, 1993, Clinical genetics.

Infant nutrition and subsequent risk of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

C. Hales, G. Dowse, 1993, Diabetologia.

Serum proinsulin levels are disproportionately increased in elderly prediabetic subjects

M. Laakso, K. Pyörälä, J. Kuusisto, 1995, Diabetologia.

Measurement of Proinsulin and Intermediates: Validation of Immunoassay Methods by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

K. Polonsky, C. Hales, J. Yudkin, 1995, Diabetes.

Proinsulin, proinsulin intermediate and insulin in cystic fibrosis

C. Palmer, C. Hales, J. Shneerson, 1993, Clinical endocrinology.

Measurement of Insulin Secretion in Type 2 Diabetes: Problems and Pitfalls

C. Hales, P. Clark, R. Temple, 1992, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Proinsulin and acute insulin response independently predict Type 2 diabetes mellitus in men—report from 27 years of follow-up study

C. Berne, L. Byberg, H. Lithell, 2003, Diabetologia.

Programming of hypothalamic neuropeptide gene expression in rats by maternal dietary protein content during pregnancy and lactation.

S. Ozanne, C. Hales, M. Martin-Gronert, 2009, Clinical science.

The effect of insulin on 32Pi incorporation into rat fat cell phospholipids.

C. Hales, J. Stein, 1974, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

Improved Beta Cell Function, with Reduction in Secretion of Intact and 32/33 Split Proinsulin, after Dietary Intervention in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

M. Davies, C. Hales, J. Day, 1994, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Hyperproinsulinaemia in normoglycaemic lipodystrophic HIV‐infected patients

C. Hales, J. Iversen, O. Andersen, 2006, European journal of clinical investigation.

The first phase insulin response to intravenous glucose is highly reproducible

C. Hales, P. Clark, E. Schneider, 1990, Diabetologia.

Normal proinsulin processing despite beta-cell dysfunction in persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia of infancy (nesidioblastosis)

B. Glaser, E. Cerasi, G. Leibowitz, 1996, Diabetologia.

Loss of the First Phase Insulin Response to Intravenous Glucose in Subjects with Persistent Impaired Glucose Tolerance

M. Davies, C. Hales, G. Rayman, 1994, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Immunological techniques in diabetes research: 14 years on

C. Hales, 1985, Diabetologia.

Blood-glucose, plasma-insulin and growth hormone concentrations of individuals with minor abnormalities of glucose tolerance

C. Hales, F. Greenwood, F. Mitchell, 1968, Diabetologia.

Plasma insulin in minor abnormalities of glucose tolerance: a 5 year follow-up

C. Hales, W. Strauss, W. T. Strauss, 1974, Diabetologia.

Hormonal Disturbances in Diabetes

C. Hales, 1968 .

Principles and Practice of Radio-Immunoassay

C. Hales, 1967 .

Rates of effux and intracellular concentrations of potassium, sodium and chloride ions in isolated fat-cells from the rat.

C. Hales, M. C. Perry, 1969, The Biochemical journal.

Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia (syndrome X): relation to reduced fetal growth

C. Osmond, C. Hales, D. Barker, 2004, Diabetologia.

Response from the authors

C. Hales, D. Barker, 2006, Diabetologia.

Report of the American Diabetes Association's Task Force on Standardization of the Insulin Assay

K. Polonsky, D. Porte, R. Chance, 1996, Diabetes.

Measurement of human proinsulin by an indirect two-site immunoradiometric assay

C. Hales, D. Yue, S. Rainbow, 2005, Diabetologia.

Effects of sulphonylureas and diazoxide on insulin secretion and nucleotide‐sensitive channels in an insulin‐secreting cell line

C. Hales, N. Sturgess, R. Kozlowski, 1988, British journal of pharmacology.

Indirect two-site immunoradiometric assay of rat and mouse proinsulin

C. Hales, N. Yanaihara, O. Gibby, 2005, Diabetologia.

Evidence of beta cell dysfunction which does not lead on to diabetes: a study of identical twins of insulin dependent diabetics.

D. Pyke, C. Hales, R. Leslie, 1987, British medical journal.

Fetal growth and impaired glucose tolerance in men and women

C. Osmond, C. Hales, D. Barker, 1993, Diabetologia.

Cations and the secretion of insulin.

C. Hales, R. Milner, 1968, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

Immunological techniques in diabetes research

C. Hales, 1972, Diabetologia.

Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms influence insulin secretion in Bangladeshi Asians.

G. Hitman, M. McDermott, C. Hales, 1998, Diabetes.

Increased proinsulin levels as an early indicator of B-cell dysfunction in non-diabetic twins of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients

D. Pyke, C. Hales, R. Leslie, 1988, Diabetologia.

The effect of biosynthetic human proinsulin on intermediary metabolism

K. Alberti, P. Home, P. Butler, 1987 .

Glucocorticoids stimulate the division of rat pancreatic islet tumour cells in tissue culture

C. Hales, A. Newby, G. Brons, 1984, Diabetologia.

The effect of hypophysectomy on rat liver glucokinase activity and on plasma glucose, insulin and nonesterified fatty acid concentrations.

C. Hales, C. M. Dawson, 1969, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

Insulin secretion by a transplantable rat islet cell tumour

S. Naber, C. Hales, J. Hutton, 1981, Diabetologia.

Understanding Oral Glucose Tolerance: Comparison of Glucose or Insulin Measurements During the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test with Specific Measurements of Insulin Resistance and Insulin Secretion

C. Osmond, C. Hales, D. Phillips, 1994, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

IONIC MECHANISMS IN THE REGULATION OF INSULIN SECRETION

C. Hales, R. Milner, 1970 .

The inhibition of rat liver glucokinase by palmitoyl-CoA.

C. Hales, C. M. Dawson, 1969, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

The effects of Mg2+, Ca2+, ATP and cyclic 3',5'-AMP on the hormone-sensitive lipase of adipose tissue.

D. Wade, C. Hales, T. M. Chalmers, 1970, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

Dual effects of diazoxide on ATP‐K+ currents recorded from an insulin‐secreting cell line

C. Hales, C. Hales, R. Kozlowski, 1989, British journal of pharmacology.

Lysosomes and prohormone activation

C. Hales, C. N. Hales, 1985, Nature.

Mg2+‐dependent inhibition of KATP by sulphonylureas in CRI‐G1 insulin‐secreting cells

S. Ozanne, C. Hales, K. Lee, 1994 .

Permeability properties of lysosomal membranes

K. Docherty, C. Hales, G. Maguire, 1983, Bioscience reports.

Sugar transport in rat liver lysosomes. Direct demonstration by using labelled sugars.

K. Docherty, C. Hales, G. Maguire, 1983, The Biochemical journal.

Labelled Antibodies and Immunological Assay Systems

C. Hales, L. Miles, C. N. Hales, 1968, Nature.

Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: the thrifty phenotype hypothesis. 1992.

C. Hales, D. Barker, C N Hales, 2013, International journal of epidemiology.

Assessment of proinsulin's effects on intermediary metabolism using the forearm technique in normal man

K. Alberti, H. Orskov, L. Monti, 2004, Acta Diabetologica.

Ca2+—calmodulin dependent myosin light‐chain phosphorylating activity in insulin‐secreting tissues

C. Hales, C. Hales, J. Hutton, 1982, FEBS letters.

Size at birth, maternal weight, and Type 2 diabetes in South India

C Osmond, C. Osmond, C. Hales, 1998, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

The pathogenesis of NIDDM

C. Hales, 1994, Diabetologia.

Insulin Deficiency and Increased Plasma Concentration of Intact and 32/33 Split Proinsulin in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance

M. Davies, M. Davies, C. Hales, 1993, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

The relation of fetal growth to plasma glucose in young men

S. Robinson, C. Hales, D. Barker, 1992, Diabetologia.

Insulin sensitivity and secretion in normal children related to size at birth, postnatal growth, and plasma insulin-like growth factor-I levels

D. Dunger, M. Sandhu, K. Ong, 2004, Diabetologia.

Insulin Deficiency Rather Than Hyperinsulinaemia in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

M. Davies, M. Davies, C. Hales, 1993, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Thinness at birth and insulin resistance in adult life

C. Osmond, C. Hales, D. Barker, 1994, Diabetologia.

Fetal growth and insulin secretion in adult life

C. Osmond, C. Hales, P. Clark, 1994, Diabetologia.

Testing the fetal origins hypothesis in twins: the Birmingham twin study

H. Snieder, C. Osmond, J. Baird, 2001, Diabetologia.

The permeability of rat liver lysosomes to sugars. Evidence for carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion.

K. Docherty, C. Hales, G. Brenchley, 1979, The Biochemical journal.

The role of calcium and magnesium in insulin secretion from rabbit pancreas studied in vitro

C. Hales, R. Milner, D. G. Mii, 1967, Diabetologia.

Effect of Sulphonylurea Therapy on Plasma Insulin, Intact and 32/33 Split Proinsulin in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

M. Davies, M. Davies, C. Hales, 1994, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Nutrition in Pregnancy and the Concentrations of Proinsulin, 32–33 Split Proinsulin, Insulin, and C‐peptide in Cord Plasma

K. Godfrey, D. Barker, C. Osmond, 1996, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

The sodium pump and insulin secretion.

C. Hales, R. Milner, 1967, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

Older Australians in hospital

R. Karmel, C. Hales, Jonas Lloyd, 2007 .

Impaired glucose tolerance and fasting hyperglycaemia have different characteristics

M. Davies, M. Davies, C. Hales, 2000, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Postprandial Lipid Metabolism and β‐cell Function in Non‐insulin‐dependent (Type 2) Diabetes Mellitus After a Mixed Meal with a High Fat Content

K. C. Tan, D. Betteridge, C. Hales, 1996, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Evidence for facilitated diffusion of sugars in rat liver lysosomes [proceedings].

K. Docherty, C. Hales, G. Brenchley, 1979, Biochemical Society transactions.

The interaction of various inhibitors and stimuli of insulin release studied with rabbit pancreas in vitro.

C. Hales, C. Hales, R. Milner, 1969, The Biochemical journal.

The Effect of Glibenclamide Administration on Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Binding to Monocytes in Normal Subjects

C. Hales, C. Hales, R. Greenwood, 1985, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

The 30 Minute Insulin Incremental Response in an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test as a Measure of Insulin Secretion

N. Wareham, C. Byrne, C. Hales, 1995, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

The dangerous road of catch‐up growth

S. Ozanne, C. Hales, C. N. Hales, 2003, The Journal of physiology.

The Relation of Fetal Growth to Insulin Secretion in Young Men

C. Hales, C. Hales, D. Phillips, 1996, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

Interaction of non-esterified fatty acid and insulin in control of triacylglycerol secretion by Hep G2 cells.

C. Hales, C. Hales, N. Brindle, 1991, The Biochemical journal.

The relationship of some rat liver glycolytic enzyme activities to plasma insulin concentration.

C. Hales, C. M. Firth, 1968, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

Factors affecting the permeability of isolated fat-cells from the rat to [42K] potassium and [36Cl] chloride ions.

C. Hales, M. C. Perry, 1970, The Biochemical journal.

Fetal growth and hyperinsulinaemia in adult life

C. Martyn, C. Hales, C. Hales, 1998, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.