A. Geretti

D. Nauwelaers, M. Van Ranst, L. Stuyver, 2009, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

Reply to: "Revisiting the estimation of hepatitis D global prevalence".

Y. Hutin, A. Geretti, A. Stockdale, 2020, Journal of hepatology.

Comparative Performances of HIV-1 RNA Load Assays at Low Viral Load Levels: Results of an International Collaboration

M. Poljak, A. Wensing, P. Harrigan, 2013, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

Comparative evaluation of the Artus HIV-1 QS-RGQ assay and the Abbott RealTime HIV-1 assay for the quantification of HIV-1 RNA in plasma.

A. Geretti, A. Garcia-Diaz, G. Clewley, 2013, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

Detection of drug resistance mutations at low plasma HIV-1 RNA load in a European multicentre cohort study.

R. Kaiser, R. Camacho, K. Van Laethem, 2011, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

The Association between Detected drug Resistance Mutations and CD4+ T-Cell Decline in HIV-Positive Individuals Maintained on a Failing Treatment Regimen

O. Kirk, A. Schultze, R. Paredes, 2018, Antiviral therapy.

Research news in clinical context

F. Ceccherini‐Silberstein, A. Geretti, M. Fernández-Huerta, 2020, Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Decline of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of long-term nonprogressing macaques infected with SIVmac32H-J5.

A. Osterhaus, G. van Amerongen, S. Norley, 1999, The Journal of infectious diseases.

S61 High Levels Of Latent Tb Infection, Blood Borne Viruses, Poor Treatment Outcomes And Unmet Need Among Hard To Reach Groups In London: The Tb Reach Study

V. Gant, A. Story, A. Hayward, 2014, Thorax.

HIV/AIDS : Antiretroviral Drugs

A. Geretti, 2020, eLS.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Coinfection among HIV-Positive Women in South Africa and Botswana

T. Ndung’u, P. Klenerman, P. Goulder, 2015, PloS one.

Epidemiology and impact of HIV coinfection with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses in Sub-Saharan Africa.

P. Klenerman, A. Geretti, P. Matthews, 2014, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

Consensus recommendations for resistance testing in the management of chronic hepatitis C virus infection: Public Health England HCV Resistance Group

C. Sabin, G. Cooke, E. Barnes, 2019 .

A roadmap for serum biomarkers for hepatitis B virus: current status and future outlook

V. Miller, F. Zoulim, M. Yuen, 2022, Nature reviews: Gastroenterology & hepatology.

In ﬂ uenza-like illness in acute myocardial infarction patients during the winter wave of the in ﬂ uenza A H1N1 pandemic in London: a case – control study

L. Smeeth, R. Rakhit, A. Hayward, 2017 .

Novel HIV-1 Recombinants Spreading across Multiple Risk Groups in the United Kingdom: The Identification and Phylogeography of Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF) 50_A1D

A. Leigh Brown, A. Abecasis, A. Geretti, 2014, PloS one.

Sexual behaviour among people with HIV according to self-reported antiretroviral treatment and viral load status

R. Gilson, A. Phillips, M. Johnson, 2016 .

Recreational drug use, polydrug use, and sexual behaviour in HIV-diagnosed men who have sex with men in the UK: results from the cross-sectional ASTRA study.

Anne M Johnson, A. Phillips, F. Lampe, 2014, The lancet. HIV.

Role of the coinhibitory receptor cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen‐4 on apoptosis‐Prone CD8 T cells in persistent hepatitis B virus infection

M. Maini, G. Dusheiko, A. Geretti, 2011, Hepatology.

Comparative performance of the new Aptima HIV-1 Quant Dx assay with three commercial PCR-based HIV-1 RNA quantitation assays.

A. Geretti, M. Hopkins, A. Beloukas, 2015, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

Introduction and General Principles

T. Solomon, A. Geretti, 2020, Hunter's Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases.

Hepatitis B Vaccination Impact and the Unmet Need for Antiviral Treatment in Blantyre, Malawi

R. Heyderman, M. Henrion, B. Kreuels, 2021, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Effectiveness of integrase strand transfer inhibitor-based regimens in HIV-infected treatment-naive individuals: results from a European multi-cohort study.

R. Kaiser, A. Sönnerborg, F. Incardona, 2021, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Hepatitis D prevalence: problems with extrapolation to global population estimates

E. Giorgi, M. Henrion, B. Kreuels, 2018, Gut.

Sexual transmission of infections across Europe: appraising the present, scoping the future

B. Vuylsteke, A. Geretti, H. D. de Vries, 2022, Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Brain stem encephalitis caused by primary herpes simplex 2 infection in a young woman

R. Howard, N. Hirsch, A. Geretti, 2003, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

Multicenter Evaluation of the New Abbott RealTime Assays for Quantitative Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Hepatitis C Virus RNA

H. Niesters, M. Schutten, C. Tiemann, 2007, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

Comparative Evaluation of the Performance of the Abbott Real-Time Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Assay for Measurement of HIV-1 Plasma Viral Load following Automated Specimen Preparation

A. Geretti, A. Garcia-Diaz, C. Booth, 2006, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

2017 European guidelines for the management of genital herpes

John Green, S. Lautenschlager, A. Geretti, 2017, International journal of STD & AIDS.

Guideline on the Management of Gential Herpes Developed by the IUSTI-Europe Guideline

John Green, S. Lautenschlager, A. Geretti, 2017 .

European guideline for the management of genital herpes, 2010

S. Lautenschlager, A. Geretti, W. I. van der Meijden, 2011, International journal of STD & AIDS.

Seroprevalence of common vaccine-preventable viral infections in HIV-positive adults.

M. Johnson, K. Brown, A. Geretti, 2010, The Journal of infection.

Discordant CSF/plasma HIV-1 RNA in patients with unexplained low-level viraemia

C. Leen, M. Pirmohamed, L. Haddow, 2016, Journal of NeuroVirology.

Clinical use, efficacy, and durability of maraviroc for antiretroviral therapy in routine care: A European survey

Thomas Lengauer, R. Kaiser, A. Vandamme, 2019, PloS one.

Reply to Boyd and Lacombe.

A. Geretti, A. Stockdale, 2016, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

A roadmap for serum biomarkers for hepatitis B virus: current status and future outlook

V. Miller, F. Zoulim, M. Yuen, 2022, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology.

HIV Transmission During Condomless Sex With a Seropositive Partner With Suppressed Infection-Reply.

J. Lundgren, A. Rodger, A. Geretti, 2016, JAMA.

Low-level viraemia on HAART: significance and management

A. Geretti, T. Doyle, 2012, Current opinion in infectious diseases.

Long-term responses to first-line antiretroviral therapy in HIV and hepatitis B co-infection in Ghana.

F. Sarfo, A. Kasim, R. Phillips, 2014, The Journal of infection.

Performance of a nurse-led paediatric point of care service for respiratory syncytial virus testing in secondary care.

M. Schutten, A. Geretti, J. Breuer, 2011, The Journal of infection.

HIV gp120 in Lungs of ART-‐Treated Individuals Impairs Alveolar Macrophage 2 Responses To Pneumococci 3

M. Noursadeghi, R. Read, A. Geretti, 2018 .

Hepatitis C among vulnerable populations: A seroprevalence study of homeless, people who inject drugs and prisoners in London

A. Story, A. Hayward, A. Geretti, 2018, Journal of viral hepatitis.

The expanding role of common respiratory viruses in human disease.

A. Geretti, 2003, Journal of Medical Microbiology.

HIV-1 REV and TAT specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte frequencies inversely correlate with rapid progression to aids

F. Miedema, F. Wolf, A. Geretti, 1997 .

Liver steatosis and fibrosis in people with human immunodeficiency virus in West Africa and the relationship with hepatitis B virus coinfection

R. Phillips, A. Geretti, D. Chadwick, 2022, Hepatology communications.

Responses to Switching to Maraviroc-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in Treated Patients with Suppressed Plasma HIV-1-RNA Load

M. Johnson, P. Vitiello, A. Geretti, 2012, Intervirology.

Predicting Antiretroviral Drug Resistance from the Latest or the Cumulative Genotype

Z. Fox, A. Phillips, M. Johnson, 2011, Antiviral therapy.

Human Immunodeﬁciency Virus (HIV) Antibody Avidity Testing To Identify Recent Infection in Newly Diagnosed HIV Type 1 (HIV-1)-Seropositive Persons Infected with Diverse HIV-1 Subtypes (cid:1)

J. Parry, A. Geretti, C. Booth, 2007 .

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Antibody Avidity Testing To Identify Recent Infection in Newly Diagnosed HIV Type 1 (HIV-1)-Seropositive Persons Infected with Diverse HIV-1 Subtypes

J. Parry, A. Phillips, A. Geretti, 2006, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

Laboratory Diagnosis

A. Geretti, E. Nastouli, D. Bradshaw, 2021, Hepatitis C: Epidemiology, Prevention and Elimination.

Travel-associated acquisition of hepatitis C virus infection in patients receiving haemodialysis.

A. Davenport, A. Geretti, Colette Smith, 2007, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation.

HIV: new drugs, new guidelines

A. Geretti, M. Tsakiroglou, 2014, Current opinion in infectious diseases.

STARTING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN CHRONIC ASYMPTOMATIC HIV INFECTION

A. Geretti, M. Tsakiroglou, 2014 .

Novel Drug Resistance Pattern Associated with the Mutations K70G and M184V in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase

J. Ainsworth, S. Malik, T. Pattery, 2007, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

Kinetics and Specificities of the T Helper–Cell Response to GP120 in the Asymptomatic Stage of HIV–1 Infection

A. Osterhaus, A. Geretti, J. Borleffs, 1994, Scandinavian journal of immunology.

Forgotten But Not Gone: Identifying the Need for Longitudinal Data Management in Cloud Storage

Mohammad Taha Khan, Blase Ur, Chris Kanich, 2018, CHI.

A clinical and molecular epidemiological survey of hepatitis C in Blantyre, Malawi, suggests a historic mechanism of transmission

B. Kreuels, A. da Silva Filipe, E. Thomson, 2022, Journal of viral hepatitis.

Risk of HIV transmission through condomless sex in serodifferent gay couples with the HIV-positive partner taking suppressive antiretroviral therapy (PARTNER): final results of a multicentre, prospective, observational study

Hansjakob Furrer, Manuel Battegay, Pietro Vernazza, 2019, The Lancet.

HIV Forensics: The Use of Phylogenetic Analysis as Evidence in Criminal Investigation of HIV Transmission

A. Geretti, M. Weait, Y. Azad, 2007 .

British HIV Association guidelines for the management of hepatitis viruses in adults infected with HIV 2013

C. Leen, G. Cooke, E. Barnes, 2013, HIV medicine.

Epidemiology of hepatitis B, C and D in Malawi: systematic review

A. Geretti, D. Everett, M. Gordon, 2018, BMC Infectious Diseases.

British HIV Association guidelines for the treatment of HIV‐1‐positive adults with antiretroviral therapy 2012 (Updated November 2013. All changed text is cast in yellow highlight.)

C. Leen, A. Winston, C. Sabin, 2014, HIV medicine.

7.0 Managing virological failure

C. Leen, A. Winston, C. Sabin, 2012, HIV medicine.

Diagnosis of genital herpes by real time PCR in routine clinical practice

A. Geretti, M Ramaswamy, C McDonald, 2004, Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Safety and Pharmacokinetic Characterization of Nacubactam, a Novel β-Lactamase Inhibitor, Alone and in Combination with Meropenem, in Healthy Volunteers

D. Bentley, E. Winter, A. Geretti, 2020, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

Interactions and management issues in HSV and HIV coinfection

A. Geretti, M. Ramaswamy, 2007, Expert review of anti-infective therapy.

Primary herpes simplex virus type‐2 infection as a cause of liver failure after liver transplantation

A. Quaglia, A. Geretti, A. Burroughs, 2006, Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society.

Sexual Activity Without Condoms and Risk of HIV Transmission in Serodifferent Couples When the HIV-Positive Partner Is Using Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.

Pietro Vernazza, Simon Collins, Gilles Wandeler, 2016, JAMA.

A systematic review of hepatitis B virus (HBV) drug and vaccine escape mutations in Africa: A call for urgent action

Martin J Hadley, A. Geretti, P. Matthews, 2018, bioRxiv.

Diagnostic performance evaluation of hepatitis B e antigen rapid diagnostic tests in Malawi

B. Kreuels, A. Geretti, M. Gordon, 2021, BMC Infectious Diseases.

Predictors and kinetics of occult hepatitis B virus infection in HIV‐infected persons

M. Johnson, R. Tedder, A. Geretti, 2007, Journal of medical virology.

Hepatitis B virus sub-genotype A1 infection is characterized by high replication levels and rapid emergence of drug resistance in HIV-positive adults receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy in Malawi.

Mark Hopkins, S. Khoo, J. V. van Oosterhout, 2014, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Antibody screening tests variably overestimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among HIV‐infected adults in Ghana

R. Phillips, A. Geretti, D. Chadwick, 2015, Journal of viral hepatitis.

Prevalence of hepatitis D virus infection in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

L. Bonnett, R. Phillips, A. Geretti, 2017, The Lancet. Global health.

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection and Re-activation During Nucleos(t)ide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor–Sparing Antiretroviral Therapy in a High–HBV Endemicity Setting

A. Geretti, C. Kouanfack, J. Torimiro, 2018, Open forum infectious diseases.

Liver Fibrosis by Transient Elastography and Virologic Outcomes After Introduction of Tenofovir in Lamivudine-Experienced Adults With HIV and Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection in Ghana.

F. Sarfo, S. Bhagani, L. Bonnett, 2015, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Clinical Evaluation of Rega 8: An Updated Genotypic Interpretation System That Significantly Predicts HIV-Therapy Response

Rolf Kaiser, Anne-Mieke Vandamme, Stijn Imbrechts, 2013, PloS one.

Integrase variability and susceptibility to HIV integrase inhibitors: impact of subtypes, antiretroviral experience and duration of HIV infection.

V. Soriano, A. Geretti, C. de Mendoza, 2010, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Epidemiology of HBV infection in a cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected patients and rate and pattern of lamivudine-resistant HBV infection in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy.

Y. Boum, S. Bhagani, A. Geretti, 2015, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Chronic hepatitis B infection in sub-Saharan Africa: a grave challenge and a great hope.

A. Geretti, A. Stockdale, 2015, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

The global prevalence of hepatitis D virus infection: Systematic review and meta-analysis

C. de Martel, E. Giorgi, M. Henrion, 2020, Journal of hepatology.

HLA-A is a Predictor of Hepatitis B e Antigen Status in HIV-Positive African Adults

N. Jojic, M. Carrington, T. Ndung’u, 2015, Journal of Infectious Diseases.

Response to antiretroviral therapy in occult hepatitis B and HIV co-infection in West Africa

R. Phillips, A. Geretti, M. Ankcorn, 2013, AIDS.

HIV DNA Sequencing to Detect Archived Antiretroviral Drug Resistance

H. Stellbrink, J. Blanco, D. Turner, 2022, Infectious Diseases and Therapy.

Immunization of the HIV infected traveller.

A. Geretti, D. Chadwick, 2007, AIDS.

Associations between baseline characteristics, CD4 cell count response and virological failure on first-line efavirenz + tenofovir + emtricitabine for HIV

B. Gazzard, C. Leen, C. Fraser, 2019, Journal of virus eradication.

Importance of Baseline Prognostic Factors With Increasing Time Since Initiation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy: Collaborative Analysis of Cohorts of HIV-1-Infected Patients

Anne M Johnson, A. Trkola, J. Sterne, 2007, Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes.

Epidemiological data for hepatitis D in Africa - Authors' reply.

A. Geretti, A. Beloukas, A. Stockdale, 2018, The Lancet. Global health.

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) RNA screening and sequencing using dry plasma spots.

F. Sarfo, R. Phillips, A. Geretti, 2017, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

State of the antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance

R. Kaiser, A. Vandamme, C. Boucher, 2018 .

Detection of the NS3 Q80K polymorphism by Sanger and deep sequencing in hepatitis C virus genotype 1a strains in the UK.

K. Childs, K. Agarwal, M. Nelson, 2015, Clinical Microbiology and Infection.

A phase IV randomised, open-label pilot study to evaluate switching from protease-inhibitor based regimen to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide single tablet regimen in Integrase inhibitor-naïve, virologically suppressed HIV-1 infected adults harbouring drug resistance mutations (PIBIK

C. Orkin, L. Waters, N. Perry, 2020, BMC Infectious Diseases.

Shifting paradigms: the resistance profile of etravirine.

A. Geretti, 2008, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Determining virological suppression and resuppression by point-of-care viral load testing in a HIV care setting in sub-Saharan Africa

R. Phillips, A. Geretti, D. Chadwick, 2020, EClinicalMedicine.

Plasma HIV-1 RNA detection below 50 copies/ml and risk of virologic rebound in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.

A. Phillips, M. Johnson, P. Vitiello, 2012, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Antiretroviral drug resistance in HIV-1-infected patients with low-level viremia.

A. Phillips, A. Geretti, C. Booth, 2010, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Disseminated neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 infection diagnosed by HSV DNA detection in blood and successfully managed by liver transplantation

G. Mieli-Vergani, A. Dhawan, N. Hadžić, 2004, European Journal of Pediatrics.

A randomized, controlled trial comparing ganciclovir to ganciclovir plus foscarnet (each at half dose) for preemptive therapy of cytomegalovirus infection in transplant recipients.

C. Sabin, A. Burroughs, P. Griffiths, 2004, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Incidence, aetiology, and sequelae of viral meningitis in UK adults: a multicentre prospective observational cohort study

N. Beeching, A. Haycox, Alison Gummery, 2018, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

Viral meningitis in UK adults - a multicentre prospective observational cohort study of incidence, aetiology and sequelae

N. Beeching, A. Haycox, Alison Gummery, 2018 .

Vaccine-induced virus-neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic T cells do not protect macaques from experimental infection with simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac32H (J5)

A. Osterhaus, G. van Amerongen, S. Norley, 1995, Journal of virology.

Emerging patterns and implications of HIV-1 integrase inhibitor resistance

F. Ceccherini‐Silberstein, A. Geretti, D. Armenia, 2012, Current opinion in infectious diseases.

High levels of discordance between sequencing and serological subtyping in a predominantly non-B subtype HIV-1 infected cohort.

P. Easterbrook, A. Geretti, M. Zuckerman, 2005, Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.

Viral capture sequencing detects unexpected viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid of adults with meningitis.

N. Beeching, W. Lipkin, T. Solomon, 2022, The Journal of infection.

Time trends in primary resistance to HIV drugs in the United Kingdom: multicentre observational study

D. Pillay, C. Sabin, A. Phillips, 2005, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

A. Geretti, 2017 .

HIV testing and monitoring

A. Geretti, 2009 .

Towards an HIV-1 vaccine: lessons from studies in macaque models.

A. Osterhaus, A. Geretti, E. Hulskotte, 1998, Vaccine.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev- and Tat-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte frequencies inversely correlate with rapid progression to AIDS.

F. Miedema, A. Osterhaus, F. de Wolf, 1997, The Journal of general virology.

P. Griffiths, H. Prentice, A. Clark, 1999, British journal of haematology.

Determinants of Virological Failure after Successful Viral Load Suppression in First-Line Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

A. Phillips, S. Staszewski, M. Johnson, 2008, Antiviral therapy.

Role of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in the control of primate immunodeficiency viruses

A. Geretti, 1997 .

HIV-1 subtypes: epidemiology and significance for HIV management

A. Geretti, Anna Maria Geretti, 2006, Current opinion in infectious diseases.

Epidemiology of antiretroviral drug resistance in drug-naïve persons

A. Geretti, 2007, Current opinion in infectious diseases.

Public Health England HCV Resistance Group: overview and consensus recommendations for resistance testing in the management of chronic hepatitis C virus infection.

C. Sabin, G. Cooke, E. Barnes, 2019, The Journal of infection.

Determining the Origins of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug-resistant Minority Variants in People Who Are Recently Infected Using Phylogenetic Reconstruction

C. Fraser, E. Volz, D. Pillay, 2018, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

2014 European Guideline on HIV testing

O. Tarasenko, A. Geretti, A. Palfreeman, 2014, International journal of STD & AIDS.

European Guideline on HIV testing

O. Tarasenko, A. Geretti, A. Palfreeman, 2014 .

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes in AIDS pathogenesis: lessons to be learned from the macaque model of simian immunodeficiency virus infection.

A. Osterhaus, A. Geretti, E. Hulskotte, 1998, The Journal of general virology.

Epidemiological data for hepatitis D in Africa. Author's reply (vol 6, pg e34, 2018)

A. Geretti, A. Beloukas, A. Stockdale, 2018 .

Cohort Profile: The Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Research UK Clinical Database and Biobank

Alexander M. Fraser, P. Quinlan, S. Khakoo, 2016, International journal of epidemiology.

Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-resistance mutations for the surveillance of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance.

Philip L. Tzou, R. Shafer, P. Harrigan, 2019, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Sensitive testing of plasma HIV-1 RNA and Sanger sequencing of cellular HIV-1 DNA for the detection of drug resistance prior to starting first-line antiretroviral therapy with etravirine or efavirenz.

A. Geretti, J. Vingerhoets, A. Hill, 2014, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

The Impact of Transmitted Drug-Resistance on Treatment Selection and Outcome of First-Line Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)

B. Gazzard, C. Sabin, A. Phillips, 2009, Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes.

Prevalence and determinants of transmitted antiretroviral drug resistance in HIV-1 infection.

A. Geretti, C. Booth, 2007, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Evidence of a decline in transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance in the United Kingdom

John P. Walsh, Andrew N. Phillips, Steve Kaye, 2007, AIDS.

Impact of HIV-1 viral subtype on disease progression and response to antiretroviral therapy

P. Easterbrook, A. de Ruiter, A. Geretti, 2010, Journal of the International AIDS Society.

HIV-1 RNA and HIV-1 DNA persistence during suppressive ART with PI-based or nevirapine-based regimens.

P. Messiaen, L. Vandekerckhove, A. Geretti, 2015, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Fine-specificity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes which recognize conserved epitopes of the Gag protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

F. Miedema, A. Osterhaus, A. Geretti, 1996, The Journal of general virology.

Time trends in drug resistant HIV-1 infections in the United Kingdom up to 2009: multicentre observational study

D. Pillay, C. Sabin, A. Phillips, 2012, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

National survey of diagnostic services for genital herpes

A. Geretti, D. Brown, 2005, Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Evidence for Onward Transmission of HIV-1 Non-B Subtype Strains in the United Kingdom

P. Easterbrook, A. Geretti, I. Tatt, 2006, Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes.

Prevalence and predictors of antiretroviral drug resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-1 infection.

A. Phillips, M. Youle, M. Johnson, 2007, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Low-frequency drug-resistant HIV-1 and risk of virological failure to first-line NNRTI-based ART: a multicohort European case–control study using centralized ultrasensitive 454 pyrosequencing

Karin J. Metzner, Huldrych F. Günthard, E. Nicastri, 2014, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Impact of minority nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations on resistance genotype after virologic failure.

K. Metzner, M. Kozal, R. Paredes, 2013, The Journal of infectious diseases.

inhibitor/nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based second-line antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review

A. Geretti, Boyd, Paton, 2019 .

Outcomes in the First Year after Initiation of First-Line Haart among Heterosexual Men and Women in the Uk Chic Study

B. Gazzard, C. Leen, D. Pillay, 2011, Antiviral therapy.

Effect of HIV-1 subtype on virologic and immunologic response to starting highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Hannah Green, David Dunn, Deenan Pillay, 2009, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Ongoing changes in HIV RNA levels during untreated HIV infection: implications for CD4 cell count depletion

A. Phillips, F. Lampe, M. Johnson, 2010, AIDS.

The ability of four genotypic interpretation systems to predict virological response to ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors

Z. Fox, B. Clotet, A. Phillips, 2007, AIDS.

Efficacy of Once Daily Darunavir/Ritonavir in PI-Naïve, NNRTI-Experienced Patients in the ODIN Trial

A. Geretti, R. Demasi, Y. van Delft, 2015, AIDS research and treatment.

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Seroprevalence at the Time of HIV-1 Diagnosis and Seroincidence After HIV-1 Diagnosis in an Ethnically Diverse Cohort of HIV-1-Infected Persons

C. Sabin, A. Geretti, C. Mcdonald, 2006, Sexually transmitted diseases.

Long term probability of detection of HIV-1 drug resistance after starting antiretroviral therapy in routine clinical practice

B. Gazzard, D. Pillay, C. Sabin, 2005, AIDS.

Measuring Proviral HIV-1 DNA: Hurdles and Improvements to an Assay Monitoring Integration Events Utilising Human Alu Repeat Sequences

W. Paxton, L. Vandekerckhove, A. Geretti, 2021, Life.

Immunological parameters in patients with frequently recurring genital herpes and response to treatment with a combination of acyclovir and interferon‐β

G. Castello, V. Ruocco, M. Napolitano, 1992 .

Simian immunodeficiency virus as a model of human HIV disease

A. Geretti, 1999, Reviews in medical virology.

A contaminant-free assessment of Endogenous Retroviral RNA in human plasma

P. Klenerman, A. Katzourakis, G. Magiorkinis, 2016, Scientific Reports.

CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes of a cynomolgus macaque infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) mac32H-J5 recognize a nine amino acid epitope in SIV Gag p26.

A. Osterhaus, G. van Amerongen, A. Geretti, 1997, Journal of General Virology.

The ‘Antiretrovirals, Sexual Transmission Risk and Attitudes’ (ASTRA) Study. Design, Methods and Participant Characteristics

Anne M Johnson, A. Phillips, F. Lampe, 2013, PloS one.

Preservation of phenotype and function of positively selected virus-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes following anti-Fab detachment from immunomagnetic beads.

A. Osterhaus, A. Geretti, M. Poelen, 1993, Journal of immunological methods.

Early and Prolonged Antiretroviral Therapy Is Associated with an HIV-1-Specific T-Cell Profile Comparable to That of Long-Term Non-Progressors

Sabine Yerly, Ian Williams, Jonathan Ainsworth, 2011, PloS one.

Herpes simplex virus type 2: epidemiology and management options in developing countries

A. Geretti, S. Hawkes, G. Paz-Bailey, 2006, Postgraduate Medical Journal.

Detection and typing of herpes simplex DNA in genital swabs by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

A. Geretti, Melvyn Smith, M. Ramaswamy, 2005, Journal of virological methods.

Contribution of APOBEC3G/F activity to the development of low-abundance drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants.

K. Metzner, A. d’Arminio Monforte, A. Schultze, 2016, Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

Dynamics of cellular HIV-1 DNA levels over 144 weeks of darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy versus triple therapy in the MONET trial.

J. Arribas, A. Geretti, A. Hill, 2012, HIV clinical trials.

Patterns of HIV testing at a London teaching hospital between 2004 and 2007.

A. Geretti, S. Madge, G. Clewley, 2011, International journal of STD & AIDS.

Patterns of HIV testing at a London teaching hospital between 2004 and 2007

A. Geretti, S. Madge, G. Clewley, 2011, International journal of STD & AIDS.

Age, time living with diagnosed HIV infection, and self‐rated health

A. Nardone, L. Haddow, R. Gilson, 2016, HIV medicine.

Antiretroviral resistance in clinical practice

P. Easterbrook, A. Geretti, 2001, International journal of STD & AIDS.

HBV‐RNA Co‐amplification May Influence HBV DNA Viral Load Determination

H. Wedemeyer, A. Geretti, R. Delgado, 2020, Hepatology communications.

BASHH/EAGA position statement on the HIV window period

B. Gazzard, D. Webster, L. Waters, 2015, International journal of STD & AIDS.

Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Related Hospitalization Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the ISARIC World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Characterization Protocol (UK): A Prospective Observational Study

C. Sabin, J. Baillie, L. Waters, 2020, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

and British Association of Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) writing committee

A. Pozniak, M. Nelson, A. Geretti, 2013 .

HIV phylogenetics

Andrew Rambaut, Deenan Pillay, D. Pillay, 2007, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

C. Sabin, J. Baillie, L. Waters, 2020, Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Effectiveness of integrase strand transfer inhibitors in HIV‐infected treatment‐experienced individuals across Europe

R. Kaiser, A. Sönnerborg, F. Incardona, 2022, HIV medicine.

Long-term trends in adherence to antiretroviral therapy from start of HAART

A. Phillips, F. Lampe, M. Johnson, 2010, AIDS.

Point-of-Care Screening for a Current Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Influence on Uptake of a Concomitant Offer of HIV Screening

Mark Hopkins, A. Geretti, Colette Smith, 2018, Scientific Reports.

Hepatitis B virus infection in general practice across England: An analysis of the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre real-world database.

S. de Lusignan, C. Sabin, R. Byford, 2023, The Journal of infection.

Undiagnosed HIV infection in patients with viral hepatitis

M. Jacobs, G. Dusheiko, A. Geretti, 2008, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

Surveillance of HIV-1 transmitted integrase strand transfer inhibitor resistance in the UK

J. Ledesma, D. Dunn, A. Geretti, 2020, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Integrase inhibitor (INI) genotypic resistance in treatment-naive and raltegravir-experienced patients infected with diverse HIV-1 clades

F. Ceccherini‐Silberstein, R. Kaiser, J. Martinez-Picado, 2015, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

OP-JANM190417 1..13

Philip L. Tzou, R. Shafer, P. Harrigan, 2019 .

Outcomes of COVID-19 related hospitalisation among people with HIV in the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK Protocol: prospective observational study

C. Sabin, A. Sullivan, J. Baillie, 2020, SSRN Electronic Journal.

An apparent paradox: resistance mutations in HIV-1 DNA predict improved virological responses to antiretroviral therapy.

L. Bonnett, A. Geretti, C. Kouanfack, 2019, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Science in court: the myth of HIV fingerprinting.

Anne-Mieke Vandamme, Jan Albert, L. Power, 2011, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

The effect of primary drug resistance on CD4+ cell decline and the viral load set-point in HIV-positive individuals before the start of antiretroviral therapy

L. Ruiz, A. Vandamme, M. Zazzi, 2019, AIDS.

Resistance associated mutations to dolutegravir (S/GSK1349572) in HIV-infected patients--impact of HIV subtypes and prior raltegravir experience.

V. Soriano, A. Geretti, C. de Mendoza, 2011, Antiviral research.

Dynamics of Cellular HIV-1 DNA Levels Over 144 Weeks of Darunavir/Ritonavir Monotherapy Versus Triple Therapy in the MONET Trial

J. Arribas, A. Geretti, A. Hill, 2013 .

Virus replication and evolution drive the kinetics and specificity of SIV‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes

A. Osterhaus, A. Geretti, 2001, Immunological reviews.

CSF/plasma HIV-1 RNA discordance even at low levels is associated with up-regulation of host inflammatory mediators in CSF☆

C. Leen, M. Pirmohamed, L. Haddow, 2016, Cytokine.

Virological failure and development of new resistance mutations according to CD4 count at combination antiretroviral therapy initiation

B. Gazzard, D. Webster, C. Leen, 2015, HIV medicine.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)--and Epstein-Barr virus--specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors exhibit different kinetics in HIV-1--infected persons.

A. Osterhaus, A. Geretti, J. Borleffs, 1996, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Virological outcomes of boosted protease inhibitor-based first-line ART in subjects harbouring thymidine analogue-associated mutations as the sole form of transmitted drug resistance

C. Leen, C. Fraser, E. Volz, 2018, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

The effect of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance on pre-therapy viral load

D. Pillay, A. Phillips, P. Cane, 2010, AIDS.

Accuracy of self‐report of HIV viral load among people with HIV on antiretroviral treatment

A. Nardone, L. Haddow, A. Phillips, 2016, HIV medicine.

Population Trends in the Prevalence and Patterns of Protease Resistance Related to Exposure to Unboosted and Boosted Protease Inhibitors

D. Pillay, C. Sabin, A. Phillips, 2008, Antiviral therapy.

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses of naive and vaccinated cynomolgus macaques infected with SIVmac32H(J5): quantitative analysis by in vitro antigenic stimulation.

A. Osterhaus, G. van Amerongen, A. Geretti, 1997, Vaccine.

Human T‐cell lymphotropic virus antibody prevalence in HIV‐1‐infected individuals attending a sexual health clinic in South‐East London

A. Geretti, M. Zuckerman, Fiona J. Cooke, 2005, Journal of medical virology.

The impact of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase polymorphisms on responses to first-line nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based therapy in HIV-1-infected adults

C. Sabin, Linda J Harrison, D. Dunn, 2013, AIDS.

Factors Associated With Persistence of Plasma HIV-1 RNA During Long-term Continuously Suppressive Firstline Antiretroviral Therapy

D. Richman, A. Phillips, S. Khoo, 2018, Open forum infectious diseases.

Primary antiretroviral resistance in newly diagnosed patients with established heterosexually acquired HIV-1.

P. Easterbrook, A. Geretti, M. Zuckerman, 2002, AIDS (London).

Prevalence of antiretroviral resistance in a South London cohort of treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients.

P. Easterbrook, A. Geretti, M. Zuckerman, 2001, AIDS.

Detecting HIV-1 superinfection by pol gene population sequencing among untreated HIV-1-infected men who experience sudden rises in plasma HIV-1 RNA load.

M. Johnson, A. Geretti, J. Ambrose, 2011, AIDS.

Emergence of the H208Y mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1 in association with nucleoside RT inhibitor therapy.

C. Sabin, D. Dunn, A. Geretti, 2007, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Low frequency of genotypic resistance in HIV-1-infected patients failing an atazanavir-containing regimen: a clinical cohort study

B. Gazzard, D. Webster, C. Leen, 2013, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Low-frequency HIV-1 drug resistance mutations can be clinically significant but must be interpreted with caution.

A. Geretti, Anna Maria Geretti, Jeffrey A Johnson, 2010, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

The importance of HIV RNA detection below 50 copies per mL in HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy: an observational study

Andrew Owen, Andrew Phillips, Valentina Cambiano, 2014, The Lancet.

British HIV Association guidelines for the routine investigation and monitoring of adult HIV‐1‐infected individuals 2011

C. Sabin, P. Cane, C. Orkin, 2012, HIV medicine.

Use of a prescription‐based measure of antiretroviral therapy adherence to predict viral rebound in HIV‐infected individuals with viral suppression

A. Phillips, F. Lampe, C. Smith, 2010, HIV medicine.

HIV forensics: pitfalls and acceptable standards in the use of phylogenetic analysis as evidence in criminal investigations of HIV transmission *

A. Vandamme, A. Vandamme, A. Geretti, 2007, HIV medicine.

European guidelines on the clinical management of HIV-1 tropism testing.

A. Wensing, H. Walter, R. Kaiser, 2011, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

Out of focus: tailoring the cascade of care to the needs of women living with HIV

A. d’Arminio Monforte, M. Loutfy, M. Boffito, 2017, HIV medicine.

Evolution of the burden of active hepatitis C virus infection in England from September 2015 to September 2016: a repeated cross-sectional analysis

J. Gordon, N. Hill, A. Geretti, 2019, BMJ Open.

British HIV Association (BHIVA) guidelines on the use of vaccines in HIV-positive people

A. Geretti, G. Kassianos, 2016 .

Uva-dare (digital Academic Repository) Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Rev-and Tat-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Frequencies Inversely Correlate with Rapid Progression to Aids

A. Geretti, R. Gruters, O. Pontesilli, 2022 .

Time trends in drug resistant HIV-1 infections in the United Kingdom up to 2009: multicentre observational study

D. Pillay, C. Sabin, A. Phillips, 2012, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

The impact of HIV drug resistance testing on changes to treatment

B. Gazzard, C. Sabin, A. Phillips, 2011, AIDS.

Global HIV‐1 transmitted drug resistance in the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial

A. Geretti, J. Llibre, S. Jacoby, 2015, HIV medicine.

Impact of minority nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations on resistance genotype after virologic failure.

K. Metzner, M. Kozal, R. Paredes, 2013, The Journal of infectious diseases.

Ongoing changes in HIV RNA levels during untreated HIV infection: implications for CD4 cell count depletion

A. Phillips, F. Lampe, M. Johnson, 2010, AIDS.

European AIDS Clinical Society Standard of Care meeting on HIV and related coinfections: The Rome Statements

A. Mocroft, A. d’Arminio Monforte, J. Lundgren, 2016, HIV medicine.

The Association between Detected drug Resistance Mutations and CD4+ T-Cell Decline in HIV-Positive Individuals Maintained on a Failing Treatment Regimen

O. Kirk, A. Schultze, R. Paredes, 2018, Antiviral therapy.

European guidelines for the management of genital herpes

A. Geretti, M. Gomberg, W. Meijden, 2016 .

A. Geretti, Boyd, Paton, 2018 .

British HIV Association guidelines for the treatment of HIV‐1‐positive adults with antiretroviral therapy 2012 (Updated November 2013. All changed text is cast in yellow highlight.)

C. Leen, A. Winston, C. Sabin, 2014, HIV medicine.

1.0 Introduction