Robert S. H. Liu

G. Krishnamoorthy, Jin Liu, Robert S. H. Liu, 2004, Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology.

Proton‐Assisted Switching of Reaction Pathways of Stilbene Analogues Brought by Direct Irradiation.

Robert S. H. Liu, T. Ho, J. Ho, 2001 .

Protochemistry of β-ionylideneacetonitrile and related compounds. Direct conversion of a cyclohexadiene to trans-hexatriene.

V. Ramamurthy, Robert S. H. Liu, 1973 .

RECENT STUDIES ON THE PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF CONJUGATED TRIENES AND HIGHER POLYENES

Robert S. H. Liu, 1971 .

Photosensitized internal addition of dienes to olefins

Robert S. H. Liu, G. Hammond, 1967 .

PHOTOISOMERIZATION OF SIXTEEN ISOMERS OF RETINAL. INITIAL PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION IN DIRECT AND SENSITIZED IRRADIATION. PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF POLYENES 31 *

Robert S. H. Liu, S. Ganapathy, 1992 .

Photochemistry of polyenes. 18. Photosensitized geometric isomerization of alloocimene. The triplet torsional potential surface of a conjugated triene

Anil Kumar Singh, Robert S. H. Liu, B. Baretz, 1981 .

PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF POLYENES—XI. FLASH PHOTOLYTIC STUDIES OF HINDERED ISOMERS OF RETINAL

A. Harriman, Robert S. H. Liu, 1977 .

Reflection on medium effects on photochemical reactivity.

Robert S. H. Liu, G. Hammond, 2005, Accounts of chemical research.

Photochemistry of polyenes. I. Comparative study of cis-trans isomerization from the S1 and T1 states of a conjugated triene (alloocimene)

Robert S. H. Liu, Yondani Butt, 1971 .

Fluorinated Retinoids via Crossed Aldol Condensation of 1,1,1-Trifluoroacetone

Robert S. H. Liu, A. Asato, D. Mead, 1985 .

Role of second triplet state in solution photochemistry. VII. second triplet states of anthracenes in sensitized reactions of olefins. Evidence against the singlet-triplet energy-transfer process

Robert S. H. Liu, R. O. Campbell, 1973 .

Role of second triplet states in solution photochemistry. IV. Triplet-triplet energy transfer from the second triplet states of anthracenes. Chemical studies

Robert S. H. Liu, J. Edman, 1969 .

A deuterium isotope effect on the lifetime of the second triplet state of naphthalene

Robert S. H. Liu, C. C. Ladwig, 1975 .

THE ROLE OF SECOND TRIPLET STATE IN SOLUTION PHOTOCHEMISTRY PART 7, MORE ON THE SECOND TRIPLET STATES OF ANTHRACENES IN SENSITIZED REACTIONS OF OLEFINS, EVIDENCE AGAINST THE SINGLET-TRIPLET ENERGY-TRANSFER PROCESS

Robert S. H. Liu, R. O. Campbell, 1973 .

2,3-Bis(perfluormethyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5,7-trienes and their photorearrangement reactions

Robert S. H. Liu, 1968 .

Calorimetric properties of C14 and C15 YMn2 and YMn2(H,D)6

R. Asmatulu, J. Ho, I. Baginskiy, 2011 .

Mechanism of Photoisomerization of 1‐Naphthyl‐2‐Phenylethylenes in Organic Glasses

Robert S. H. Liu, Lanying Yang, 2007, Photochemistry and photobiology.

New aspects of diphenylbutadiene photochemistry. Regiospecific hula-twist photoisomerization.

Jin Liu, Robert S. H. Liu, Lanying Yang, 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

Photochemistry of polyenes. 23. Application of the H.T.-n mechanism of photoisomerization to the photocycles of bacteriorhodopsin. A model study

Robert S. H. Liu, A. Asato, D. Mead, 1985 .

Role of second triplet states in solution photochemistry. V. Triplet-triplet energy transfer from the second triplet state of anthracene. Spectroscopic methods

R. E. Kellogg, Robert S. H. Liu, 1969 .

The role of second triples states in solution photochemistry. III. 9,10-Dichloroanthracene-sensitized isomerization of stilbenes. The question of energy transfer between intimately associated molecular pairs

Robert S. H. Liu, 1968 .

The role of second triplet states in solution photochemistry. 10. Energy transfer from the second triplet state of naphthalene and other aromatic compounds

Robert S. H. Liu, C. C. Ladwig, 1976 .

The role of second triplet states in solution photochemistry. II. Reactions of nonrigid systems sensitized by anthracene and substituted anthracenes

D. Gale, Robert S. H. Liu, 1968 .

Theoretical Investigation and Molecular Design of Some Azulene Derivatives with Large Hyperpolarizabilities

Robert S. H. Liu, C. Ye, Peiwang Zhu, 1999 .

Orbital Control of the Color and Excited State Properties of Formylated and Fluorinated Derivatives of Azulene

D. Jameson, Rajeev S. Muthyala, R. Muthyala, 2003 .

Control of the Photophysical Properties of Polyatomic Molecules by Substitution and Solvation: The Second Excited Singlet State of Azulene

N. Tétreault, Rajeev S. Muthyala, R. P. Steer, 1999 .

Mechanisms of Photochemical Reactions in Solution. XLI.1Comparison of Rates of Fast Triplet Quenching Reactions

A. Fry, Robert S. H. Liu, G. Hammond, 1966 .

Photoisomerization of bis(perfluoromethyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]Octa-2,5-dienes to tetracyclo[4.2.0.02,8.05,7]Octanes

Robert S. H. Liu, 1969 .

s-cis-Conformers in low-temperature irradiation of dienes: Hula-twist mechanism of isomerization

G. Krishnamoorthy, Robert S. H. Liu, A. Asato, 2004 .

Scope and Limitations of Hula-Twist Mechanism of Photoisomerization

Robert S. H. Liu, Yaopeng Zhao, Lanying Yang, 2012 .

Supramolecular Effects on Mechanisms of Photoisomerization: Hula Twist, Bicycle Pedal, and One‐Bond‐Flip

H. Kandori, Robert S. H. Liu, Yaopeng Zhao, 2011 .

The role of organic glasses in cis/trans photoisomerization at low temperatures.

Robert S. H. Liu, Yaopeng Zhao, Lanying Yang, 2009, Chemistry, an Asian journal.

Stilbene analogs in Hula-twist photoisomerization

M. Kataoka, Robert S. H. Liu, Y. Imamoto, 2006, Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology.

Mechanisms of Photochemical Reactions in Solution. XVI.1 Photosensitized Dimerization of Conjugated Dienes

N. Turro, Robert S. H. Liu, G. Hammond, 1963 .

Fluoro derivatives of retinal illuminate the decisive role of the C(12)-H element in photoisomerization and rhodopsin activation.

R. Mathies, Robert S. H. Liu, J. Lugtenburg, 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

An unexpected C-19 product from reaction of retinal with MnO2. Structure characterization and bacteriorhodopsin analogs

Robert S. H. Liu, L. Colmenares, 1991 .

The doubly hindered 7,11-dicis, 7,9,11-tricis, 7,11,13-tricis and all-cis isomers of retinonitrile and retinal☆

T. Mirzadegan, Robert S. H. Liu, A. Trehan, 1990 .

1H NMR and 19F NMR chemical shifts of fluorinated retinals, Schiff bases and protonated Schiff bases

Robert S. H. Liu, L. Colmenares, 1992 .

Visual pigment analogs from isomers of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroretinal. The importance of the trimethylcyclohexyl ring

Robert S. H. Liu, H. Matsumoto, Roland Fenstemacher, 1982 .

9-Cis 11-cis isomers of 18,18,18-, 19,19,19- and 20,20,20-trifluororetinal

Robert S. H. Liu, Y. Hanzawa, T. Taguchi, 1987 .

7‐cis‐PORPHYROPSIN FROM 7‐cis‐3‐DEHYDRORETINAL AND CATTLE OPSIN *

Robert S. H. Liu, H. Matsumoto, A. Asato, 1979, Photochemistry and photobiology.

SYNTHETIC AND STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF VISUAL PIGMENTS

Robert S. H. Liu, 1982 .

Doubly hindered 7,11-dicis isomers of retinal. Synthesis, properties, and interaction with cattle opsin [14]

Robert S. H. Liu, A. Kini, H. Matsumoto, 1979 .

Triplet lifetime of conjugated trienes. Allo-ocimine and cholestatriene

Robert S. H. Liu, W. G. Herkstroeter, Yondani Butt, 1973 .

A bioorganic view of the chemistry of vision: H.T.-n and B.P.-m,n mechanisms for reactions of confined, anchored polyenes

Robert S. H. Liu, D. T. Browne, 1986 .

A study of isomeric retinal triplets by low temperature spectroscopic and kinetic flash photolysis

Robert S. H. Liu, W. G. Herkstroeter, M. Grodowski, 1979 .

New hindered isomers of 3-dehydroretinal (vitamin A2)

Robert S. H. Liu, Rong-liang Chen, 1996 .

A CONVENIENT ONE-POT SYNTHESIS OF 13-PERFLUOROALKYLATED RETINOIDS

Robert S. H. Liu, J. Ni, 2002 .

Probing for the Threshold Energy for Visual Transduction: Red‐Shifted Visual Pigment Analogs from 3‐Methoxy‐3‐Dehydroretinal and Related Compounds

Y. Shichida, A. Terakita, Y. Shichida, 1999, Photochemistry and photobiology.

Chapter 3 Probing the visual pigment rhodopsin and its analogs by molecular modeling analysis and computer graphics

T. Mirzadegan, Robert S. H. Liu, 1991 .

A study of the binding site requirements of rhodopsin using isomers of α-retinal and 5-substituted α-retinal analogs

T. Mirzadegan, K. Seff, Bao-wen Zhang, 1989 .

On retention of chromophore configuration of rhodopsin isomers derived from three dicis retinal isomers

T. Yoshizawa, Y. Shichida, Robert S. H. Liu, 1990 .

Isomers, visual pigment, and bacteriorhodopsin analogs of 3,7,13-trimethyl-10-isopropyl-2,4,6,8,10-tetradecapentaenal and 3,7,11-trimethyl-10-isopropyl-2,4,6,8,10-dodecapentaenal (two ring open retinal analogs)

T. Mirzadegan, Robert S. H. Liu, M. Denny, 1989 .

Possible role of the 11-cis-retinyl conformation in controlling the dual decay processes of excited rhodopsin.

T. Mirzadegan, Robert S. H. Liu, G. Hammond, 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

The molecular basis for the high photosensitivity of rhodopsin

Robert S. H. Liu, L. Colmenares, 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

Mechanistic Pathways for the Photoisomerization Reaction of the Anchored, Tethered Chromophore of the Photoactive Yellow Protein and its Mutants ¶

M. Kataoka, Robert S. H. Liu, Y. Imamoto, 2002 .

Mechanistic Pathways for the Photoisomerization Reaction of the Anchored, Tethered Chromophore of the Photoactive Yellow Protein and its Mutants¶

M. Kataoka, Robert S. H. Liu, Y. Imamoto, 2002, Photochemistry and photobiology.

MODELING RHODOPSIN, A MEMBER OF G‐PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTORS, BY COMPUTER GRAPHICS. INTERPRETATION OF CHEMICAL SHIFTS OF FLUORINATED RHODOPSINS

C. Humblet, T. Mirzadegan, Robert S. H. Liu, 1992, Photochemistry and photobiology.

Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Retinoids and Visual Pigment Analogs Studies

T. Mirzadegan, Robert S. H. Liu, A. Trehan, 1989 .

PHOTOSTATIONARY STATE COMPOSITIONS OF RETINAL AND EFFECTS OF PROTEIN HOST ON ISOMER DISTRIBUTION OF POLYENE SUBSTRATES RELATED COMPOUNDS INCLUDED IN P-LACTOGLOBULIN

Robert S. H. Liu, Xiao-yuan Li, 2007 .

PHOTOSTATIONARY STATE COMPOSITIONS OF RETINAL and RELATED COMPOUNDS INCLUDED IN ß‐LACTOGLOBULIN. EFFECTS OF PROTEIN HOST ON ISOMER DISTRIBUTION OF POLYENE SUBSTRATES

Robert S. H. Liu, Xiao-yuan Li, 1995, Photochemistry and photobiology.

β-Lactoglobulin directed photoisomerization of retinal and related compounds

Robert S. H. Liu, Xiaoyuan Li, A. Asato, 1990 .

SHAPE OF THE CHROMOPHOIW BINDING SITE IN pharaonis PHOBORHODOPSIN FROM A STUDY USING RETINAL ANALOGS

N. Kamo, J. Hirayama, T. Yoshizawa, 1994, Photochemistry and photobiology.

New geometric isomers of vitamin A and carotenoids. 5. 7-cis-3-Dehydroretinal and 7-cis-3-dehydro C18 ketone from direct irradiation of the trans isomers in polar solvents

Robert S. H. Liu, M. Denny, A. Asato, 1977 .

Photoisomerization of 7-cis-retinal. The concentration effect

Robert S. H. Liu, A. Trehan, S. Ganapathy, 1990 .

9-CF3 and 13-CF3–β-carotene, canthaxanthin and related carotenoids. Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical data

Robert S. H. Liu, Mel-Lin Ho, I. Koukhareva, 1999 .

X-ray crystal structure of a hindered 7-cis isomer of vitamin A. 7-cis-8-fluororetinal

Robert S. H. Liu, C. J. Simmons, L. Colmenares, 1996 .

7-cis- and 7,9-dicis-3-dehydroretinal. Hindered isomers of vitamin A2 aldehyde☆

Robert S. H. Liu, Rong-liang Chen, 1994 .

New Geometric Isomers of Vitamin A. Part 17. The Doubly Hindered 7,11-Dicis, 7,9,11-Tricis, 7,11,13-Tricis and All-cis Isomers of Retinonitrile and Retinal.

T. Mirzadegan, Robert S. H. Liu, A. Trehan, 1990 .

Photoisomerization of hindered poly-cis isomers of retinal. Regioselectivity and one-photon-multiple-bond isomerization.

Robert S. H. Liu, S. Ganapathy, 1990 .

The shape of a three-dimensional binding site of rhodopsin based on molecular modeling analyses of isomeric and other visual pigment analogues: bioorganic studies of visual pigments. XI

T. Mirzadegan, Robert S. H. Liu, 1988 .

9,11‐DIcis‐12‐FLUORORHODOPSIN. CHROMOPHORE PROPERTIES FROM 19F‐NMR STUDIES

Robert S. H. Liu, L. Colmenares, 1992, Photochemistry and photobiology.

[93] Fluorine-labeled retinals and rhodopsins

Robert S. H. Liu, H. Matsumoto, 1982 .

Longitudinal restrictions of the binding site of opsin as measured with retinal isomers and analogs

K. Seff, Robert S. H. Liu, H. Matsumoto, 1980 .

Spiral hexatrienes. The hindered cis isomer of mini-carotene-3 and hexakis-(2,2′,4,4′,6,6′-trifluoromethyl)stilbene

Robert S. H. Liu, J. Thiel, L. Colmenares, 1994 .

9-cis and 11-cis Isomers of 18,18,18-, 19,19,19-, and 20,20,20-Trifluororetinal.

Robert S. H. Liu, Y. Hanzawa, T. Taguchi, 1987 .

Retinal and rhodopsin analogs directed toward a better understanding of the H.T.-n model of the primary process of vision

Robert S. H. Liu, M. Denny, A. Asato, 1986 .

Photochemical reactivity of polyenes: from dienes to rhodopsin, from microseconds to femtoseconds.

Robert S. H. Liu, G. Hammond, 2003, Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology.

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF AN ARYLSPIRALENE. A CISOID Z,Z-1,4-DIPHENYL-1,3-BUTADIENE

Jin Liu, Robert S. H. Liu, C. Simmons, 1997 .

Solvent dependent photoisomerization of polyene nitriles

Robert S. H. Liu, V. Rao, Roland Fenstemacher, 1984 .

Mechanism for the two-bond isomerization in the photoirradiation of 7,9-di-cis-retinal

Robert S. H. Liu, Yun Zhu, 1993 .

New Isomers of Vitamin A. Part 20. New Hindered Isomers of 3- Dehydroretinal (Vitamin A2).

R. Chen, Robert S. H. Liu, 1996 .

Photochemistry of polyenes. III. Preparation of 7-cis-ionyl and ionylidene derivatives and other sterically hindered olefins by one-way sensitized geometric isomerization

Chao Yang, V. Ramamurthy, Robert S. H. Liu, 1973 .

Hula-Twist in Photoisomerization: Organic Systems

Robert S. H. Liu, 2010 .

A Convenient One-Pot Synthesis of 13-Perfluoroalkylated Retinoids.

Robert S. H. Liu, J. Ni, 2003 .

An F NMR Study of Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl Bacteriorhodopsin Analogs

Robert S. H. Liu, W. Yoshida, D. Mead, 1996 .

A 19F NMR Study of Rhodopsin Analogs: Use of Vinylfluororetinal Chromophores

Robert S. H. Liu, W. Niemczura, A. E. Asato, 1996 .

Superlattice structures in solid solution of high-T

D. Jefferson, Robert S. H. Liu, Shu‐Fen Hu, 2001 .

Alkylated Azulenic Retinal and Bacteriorhodopsin Analogs

M. Alam, Rajeev S. Muthyala, R. Muthyala, 1998 .

2-Methylenebicyclo[2.1.1.]hexanes: A non-stereospecific, photosensitized, cyclization reaction of trienes

Robert S. H. Liu, 1966 .

Hula-twist. A Stereoselective and Regioselective Photoisomerization Reaction Mechanism

Jin Liu, Robert S. H. Liu, T. Ho, 2006 .

Regioselective Hula-twist photoisomerization of cinnamate esters in organic glass.

Robert S. H. Liu, Stefan Schieffer, J. Pescatore, 2004, Chemical communications.

Hula‐Twist: A Photochemical Reaction Mechanism Involving Simultaneous Configurational and Conformational Isomerization

Robert S. H. Liu, G. Hammond, 2004 .

Regioselective photoisomerization of fluoro aryl dienes. Role of dipolar intermediates of excited dienes

Robert S. H. Liu, K. Muthuramu, 1987 .

Conformational isomerizations of symmetrically substituted styrenes. No-reaction photoreactions by Hula-twist.

G. Krishnamoorthy, Robert S. H. Liu, A. Asato, 2003, Chemical communications.

Carotenoids as accessory light-harvesting pigments

T. Gillbro, P. Andersson, Robert S. H. Liu, 1994 .

Photosensitized Cyclization of Myrcene: The Problem of Addition of Dienes to Alkenes

Robert S. H. Liu, G. Hammond, 1964 .

11,12-difluororhodopsin and related odd-numbered fluororhodopsins. The use of J(F,F) for following a cis-trans isomerization process

A. Lera, R. Álvarez, X. Zou, 1999 .

Making organic concepts visible

Robert S. H. Liu, A. Asato, 1997 .

Photoisomerization by Hula-twist. Photoactive biopigments

Robert S. H. Liu, 2002 .

Photoisomerization by hula twist: 2,2'-dimethylstilbene and a ring-fused analogue.

M. Kataoka, G. Krishnamoorthy, Robert S. H. Liu, 2003, Angewandte Chemie.

A Re-investigation of Low Temperature Photochemistry of 11-cis-retinal Mechanism of Photoisomerization

Robert S. H. Liu, Lanying Yang, 2006 .

Hula-twist photoisomerization of a styrene derivative examined by argon-matrix-infrared-spectroscopic method

Robert S. H. Liu, A. Nicolaides, A. Asato, 2006 .

Photochemical reactivity of polyenes: from dienes to rhodopsin, from microseconds to femtoseconds

Robert S. H. Liu, G. Hammond, 2003, Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology.

Fluorinated Analogs of the Carotenoprotein, α-Crustacyanin

G. Britton, Jin Liu, Robert S. H. Liu, 1998 .

Isomers of 10-fluoro-20-13C-retinal and the corresponding rhodopsin analogs

Jin Liu, Robert S. H. Liu, J. Ni, 2001 .

Photoisomerization by hula-twist: a fundamental supramolecular photochemical reaction.

Robert S. H. Liu, R. S. Liu, 2001, Accounts of chemical research.

Fluoro derivatives of retinal illuminate the decisive role of the C(12)-H element in photoisomerization and rhodopsin activation.

R. Mathies, Robert S. H. Liu, J. Lugtenburg, 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.