V. S. Bogdanov

发表

13C NMR spectra and structure of 16α, 17α-cyclohexanopregnanes with sulfur-containing substituents in rings A and B

L. E. Kulikova, E. G. Cherepanova, V. S. Bogdanov, 1989 .

Investigation of structure of immonium salts by means of13C and1H NMR spectrometry

S. N. Shvedova, V. S. Bogdanov, S. Krylov, 1987 .

13C NMR spectra and structure of azasteroids with an N-acylamidine fragment in the D ring

E. G. Cherepanova, V. S. Bogdanov, T. Fadeeva, 1984 .

Homolytic addition of aliphatic alcohols to tetrachloroethylene in the liquid phase

G. I. Nikishin, V. S. Bogdanov, L. K. Salamandra, 1982 .

13C NMR spectra of aryl(eisaeylthio) sulfonium ions formed in the reaction of arylsulfenyl chlorides with diaeyl disulfindes in the presence of lewis acids

A. Gybin, E. G. Cherepanova, V. S. Bogdanov, 1981 .

Survey of unsaturated amines. 21.13C And1H NMR spectra of complexes of conjugated imines and pyridines with compounds of Al(III) and Cr(III)

V. S. Bogdanov, Yu. S. Dol'skaya, G. Kondrat'eva, 1980 .

The effects of substituents in oxazoles on their13C,14N, and1H NMR spectra

I. A. Abronin, V. S. Bogdanov, M. Aitzhanova, 1980 .

Reactions of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds with electron-acceptor substituents. 24.13C NMR spectra of certain complexes of benzoyl compounds with aluminum halides, and estimation of the electron-acceptor capacity of RCO·AlX3 type substituents

L. I. Belen’kii, V. S. Bogdanov, I. B. Karmanova, 1979 .

Aryl-NNO-azoxy-α-nitroalkanes

V. S. Kuz'min, Y. Struchkov, V. S. Bogdanov, 1992 .

Synthesis and some reactions of sulfides of the thiophene series

A. V. Kessenikh, V. S. Bogdanov, M. Kalik, 1971 .

Synthesis of derivatives of 3-acetyl-2-aminopyrrole and pyrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine from monoacetylketene aminals

V. A. Dorokhov, V. S. Bogdanov, A. Komkov, 1996 .

Synthesis of conjugated mono- and bis-ω-dimethylamino derivatives of succinimides

Zh. A. Krasnaya, V. S. Bogdanov, L. G. Vorontsova, 1987 .

Epimer 20α-, 20β-hydroxy derivatives of pregnane of the 5α,14α series, substituted on the D ring:13C NMR spectra and theoretical conformational analysis by the molecular mechanics method

E. G. Cherepanova, V. S. Bogdanov, 1989 .

Structure and Conjugation Study of Organometallic [4]Radialenes of Group 4 Metallocenes. Synthesis of Zirconium [4]Radialene

P. Dorovatovskii, A. Korlyukov, V. S. Bogdanov, 2021 .

New method for the synthesis of macrocyclic compounds

V. S. Bogdanov, Y. Gol'dfarb, S. Z. Taits, 1963 .

Synthesis of polyfunctional stable nitrile oxides of the thiophene series and their relative reactivities in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with styrene

M. Krayushkin, V. S. Bogdanov, M. Kalik, 1989 .

Synthesis and transformations of sulfides of the thiophene series. 42. Synthesis and properties of some 2-alkylthio(alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl)thiophene-3-carbonitrile N-oxides

M. Krayushkin, V. S. Bogdanov, M. Kalik, 1988 .

Heterocyclization of acetylketeneN,S-acetals with benzoyl cyanamide

V. A. Dorokhov, V. S. Bogdanov, A. Komkov, 1997 .

An unusual reaction of trichloromethane with acylals in the interphase catalysis conditions.

V. S. Bogdanov, G. Kryshtal, L. A. Yanovskaya, 1982 .

Condensed pyridines Communication 3. Arylidenethio(seleno)acetamides in the synthesis of 4-aryl-3-cyano-2[1H]pyridinethiones and 4-aryl-3-cyano-2[1H]pyridineselenones

A. M. Shestopalov, V. S. Bogdanov, V. K. Promonenkov, 1985 .

Condensed pyridines. Communication 5. Synthesis and transformations of 3′-cyano-5α-androsteno [17,16-b] pyridine-2′ (1′H)-thione

V. S. Bogdanov, A. V. Kamernitskii, Y. A. Sharanin, 1986 .

Synthesis of heterocycles based on the products of the addition of polyhalogenoalkanes to unsaturated systems. 3. Structure and stereochemistry of substituted N-furylformamidines

V. Nesterov, L. I. Belen’kii, A. A. Dudinov, 1992 .

Binuclear Ti(IV) complex with new compartmental ligand 2,6‐(bis‐CF 3 ‐carbinol)‐4‐ tert ‐butylphenol as precatalysts for ethylene polymerization and its copolymerization with propylene and 5‐ethylidene‐norbornene

M. Buzin, V. S. Bogdanov, A. Kechek'yan, 2021, Applied Organometallic Chemistry.

Novel titanium(IV) diolate complexes with additional O‐donor as precatalyst for the synthesis of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene with reduced entanglement density: Influence of polymerization conditions and its implications on mechanical properties

P. Dorovatovskii, M. Buzin, G. G. Nikiforova, 2021 .

Effect of Activator and Outgoing Ligand Nature on the Catalytic Behavior of Bis(phenoxy-imine) Ti(IV) Complexes in the Polymerization of Ethylene and Its Copolymerization with Higher Olefins

M. Buzin, G. G. Nikiforova, V. S. Bogdanov, 2022, Polymers.

The influence of heteroatom on catalytic properties of heterobimetallic Ti(IV)–Ca and Ti(IV)–Ba complexes in the production of UHMWPE

M. Buzin, V. S. Bogdanov, B. Bulychev, 2020 .

New catalytic systems based on fluorine-containing titanium(iv) alkoxides for the synthesis of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene and olefin elastomers

M. Buzin, G. G. Nikiforova, V. S. Bogdanov, 2022, Russian Chemical Bulletin.

Olefin polymerization behavior of titanium(IV) alkoxo complexes with fluorinated diolate ligands: The impact of the chelate ring size and the nature of organoaluminum compounds

M. Buzin, G. G. Nikiforova, V. Vasil'ev, 2020, Applied Organometallic Chemistry.

Study of the structure of 4-amino-3-acetyl-6-methyl-2-pyrones by NMR

A. A. Akhrem, F. Lakhvich, V. S. Bogdanov, 1972 .

Synthesis and nmr study of 7-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo-[1,5-a]-1, 3,5-triazines

V. S. Bogdanov, A. Amamchyan, V. Dorokhov, 1989 .

Bororganic compounds: 320.11B NMR study of 1,2-oxaboracyclane complexing

L. Vasil’ev, V. S. Bogdanov, B. Mikhaĭlov, 1976 .

Quaternization of tetrazoles under high pressure and establishment of the structures of quaternary tetrazolium salts by 13C NMR spectroscopy

V. Semenov, V. S. Bogdanov, A. A. Fainzil’berg, 1982 .

Catalytic reactions of C3-cyclic olefins in the presence of metal complexes. 4. Ni complexes as catalysts for the [2+2]-cyclodimerization of spiro[2,3]hex-1-ene

A. V. Kudryashev, V. S. Bogdanov, D. N. Kravtsov, 1990 .

13C,1H NMR spectra and the structure of steroids containing a perhydropyran or perhydrofuran E ring and modification in the A and B rings

E. G. Cherepanova, V. S. Bogdanov, A. V. Kamernitskii, 1983 .

Crystal structure of the ordered phase of zinc oxalate and the structure of anhydrous Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ oxalates

G. Pron, V. S. Bogdanov, S. N. Golubev, 1985 .

A new synthesis of nitroketene aminals

M. Gordeev, V. Semenov, V. S. Bogdanov, 1990 .

Organoelement chemistry: promising growth areas and challenges

V. Ananikov, U. Dzhemilev, E. Gordeev, 2018, Russian Chemical Reviews.

Transformed steroids Communication 134. A new regioselective rearrangement of δ16-steroids into D-homoazaandrostanes

A. Korobov, E. G. Cherepanova, V. S. Bogdanov, 1983 .

Synthesis of aminals and aminalacetals of α-substituted β-dimethylaminoacrolein

Zh. A. Krasnaya, V. S. Bogdanov, T. S. Stytsenko, 1988 .

Unusual reactions of α-nitro-β-dimethylaminoacrolein

Zh. A. Krasnaya, V. S. Bogdanov, T. S. Stytsenko, 1985 .

Catalytic conversions of C3 cyclic olefins in the presence of Ni(O) complexes Communication 1. (η2-methylenecyclopropane)bis(triphenylphosphine)nickel: Catalytic activity and role in dimerization and trimerization of methylenecyclopropane

A. V. Kudryashev, V. S. Bogdanov, D. N. Kravtsov, 1987 .

NMR investigation of some α,ω-disubstituted farnesanes

V. S. Bogdanov, N. Y. Grigor'eva, A. Moiseenkov, 1987 .

Synthesis of N-(5-tetrazolyl)amidines from 5-aminotetrazole and nitriles using organoboranes

T. A. Shchegoleva, V. S. Bogdanov, A. Amamchyan, 1987 .

Organoboron compounds: Communication 193. 1,1-and 1,2-propanediboronic acids

V. S. Bogdanov, B. Mikhaĭlov, P. M. Aronovich, 1969 .

Cationic carboxylation of methyl thiophene-2-carboxylate

V. S. Bogdanov, V. P. Gultyai, A. Moiseenkov, 1983 .

A Seven‐Membered Zirconacyclocumulene Complex as a source of Cyclobutadiene: Trapping of Cyclobutadiene by the Diels‐Alder Reaction

V. S. Bogdanov, V. Burlakov, Alexander F. Smol’yakov, 2022, ChemistrySelect.

Thermal Isomerization of the Buchwald Seven-Membered Zirconacyclocumulene and Its Interaction with Acetylenes. Synthesis and Structures of Novel Seven-Membered Zirconacyclocumulene Complexes

K. Lyssenko, V. Shur, W. Baumann, 2015 .

Interaction of the five-membered zirconacyclocumulene complex Cp2Zr(η4-tBuC4tBu) with acetylenes. Synthesis of zirconacyclopentadienes and seven-membered zirconacyclocumulenes

K. Lyssenko, V. Shur, W. Baumann, 2014 .

Interaction of the Negishi reagent Cp2ZrBun2 with 1,4-bis(tert-butyl)butadiyne

V. Shur, P. Petrovskii, V. S. Bogdanov, 2012, Russian Chemical Bulletin.

First structurally characterized five-membered hafnacyclocumulene Cp2Hf(η4-ButC4But)

K. Lyssenko, P. Petrovskii, V. S. Bogdanov, 2008 .

Protolysis of Seven-Membered Zirconacyclocumulene Complexes of Zirconocene

V. Shur, W. Baumann, A. Spannenberg, 2020, Organometallics.

Interaction of the Buchwald Seven-Membered Zirconacyclocumulene Complex with Carbonyl Compounds

V. Shur, V. S. Bogdanov, V. Burlakov, 2019, Organometallics.

Reactivity of a Seven‐Membered Zirconacyclocumulene towards CN Multiple Bonds – Formation of Metallaheterocycles by Insertion of C≡N and C=N Groups

W. Baumann, A. Spannenberg, V. S. Bogdanov, 2014 .

Synthesis and Isolation of Di-n-butylhafnocene and Its Application as a Versatile Starting Material for the Synthesis of New Hafnacycles

K. Lyssenko, V. Shur, W. Baumann, 2009 .

Vinyl-Acetamidination of In Situ-Generated Acetylenic Complexes of Zirconocenes: Thermal Isomerization of Obtained Zirconabicycles

F. M. Dolgushin, V. S. Bogdanov, R. Aysin, 2022, Organometallics.

Formation of the five-membered zirconacyclocumulene Cp2Zr(η4-ButC4But) and the binuclear zirconocene butatrienyl complex Cp2(Bun)Zr(ButC4But)Zr(Bun)Cp2 in the reaction of the Negishi reagent with 1,4-di(tert-butyl)butadiyne

V. S. Bogdanov, V. Burlakov, U. Rosenthal, 2010 .

Chelate synthesis of functionally substituted 2-trichloromethylpyridines

L. Vasil’ev, B. Ugrak, V. S. Bogdanov, 1994 .

Reaction of acetylacetone with cyanamide in the presence of catalytic amounts of nickel acetylacetonate

M. Gordeev, V. S. Bogdanov, V. Dorokhov, 1988 .

Synthesis of the N,S-acetals of diacyl- and alkoxycarbonyl(acyl)ketenes with β-dicarbonyl compounds, organic thiocyanates, and nickel(2+) complexes

M. Gordeev, V. S. Bogdanov, A. Komkov, 1991 .

Synthesis of diacylketene and alkoxycarbonyl(acyl)ketene N,N-acetals by the reaction of β-diketones and β-ketoesters with monosubstituted cyanamides

M. Gordeev, V. S. Bogdanov, Z. K. Dem'yanets, 1989 .

Boron chelate complexes with some enaminones and diketones containing the pyridine fragment and their mutual transformations in solutions

L. Vasil’ev, V. S. Bogdanov, V. Dorokhov, 1996 .

Synthesis of δ-cyclohexyl- and δ,δ-alkylene-α,α-dicarbonyl-substituted dienes and study of their valence isomerization

S. A. Burova, Zh. A. Krasnaya, V. S. Bogdanov, 1995 .

15N and13C NMR spectral study of the Z, E isomerism of thiophene aldoximes

M. Krayushkin, B. Ugrak, V. S. Bogdanov, 1991 .

Synthesis of heterocycles on the basis of products of addition of polyhaloalkanes to unsaturated systems.

M. Krayushkin, L. I. Belen’kii, A. A. Dudinov, 1990 .

Synthesis of functionalized pyrimidine-4-thiones and derivatives of pyrido[2,3-d]pirimidine-5-one from monoacylketene aminals

V. S. Bogdanov, A. Komkov, M. N. Bochkareva, 1993 .

Products from heterodiene synthesis and 1,3-cycloaddition in the reaction of N,N-disubstituted 2-aminooxazoles with maleimide

V. S. Bogdanov, G. Kondrat'eva, M. Aitzhanova, 2000 .

The production of episulfonium complexes from propylene and the regioselectivity of their reactions with nucleophiles

E. A. Vorob'eva, A. Gybin, V. S. Bogdanov, 1979 .

Aryl-bis(thioaryl)sulfonium salts and their use for the preparation of S-aryl-episulfonium salts

A. Gybin, V. S. Bogdanov, W. Smit, 1980 .

Stereochemistey of nucleophilic addition reactions to ketones with acetylene bonds: Communication 5. 1,2-Addition of thiols to ?-acetylenic ketones at low temperatures

V. S. Bogdanov, N. D. Chuvylkin, E. N. Prilezhaeva, 1975 .

Structure of vinylacetylene tetrabromide and some of its chemical transformations

V. S. Bogdanov, V. F. Kucherov, M. V. Mavrov, 1972 .

13C NMR spectra of 17-substituted epimeric 17α and 17β-ethynylandrostenes and their hexacarbonyldicobalt complexes

A. Korobov, E. G. Cherepanova, V. S. Bogdanov, 1993 .

Transformed steroids. 171. Heterocyclization in the 16α,17α-epiminopregn-5-ene-3β,21-diol-20-one series

Y. Struchkov, S. Lindeman, V. S. Bogdanov, 1988 .

Radiation-induced reactions of organic substances Communication 3. Transformations of ethylene produced by fast electrons

V. G. Kiselev, V. S. Bogdanov, B. Mikhaĭlov, 1958 .

Reduction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen under the influence of fast electrons

V. G. Kiselev, V. S. Bogdanov, B. Mikhaĭlov, 1965 .

Conversion of water gas under the action of fast electrons

V. G. Kiselev, V. S. Bogdanov, B. Mikhaĭlov, 1964 .

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Pathways in the Reactions of Five-Membered Zircona- and Hafnacyclocumulenes with Acetonitrile. Structures and Mechanisms of Formation of the Obtained Complexes

F. M. Dolgushin, V. S. Bogdanov, R. Aysin, 2023, Organometallics.

Synthesis of 15β, 16β-methyleneprogesterone

V. S. Bogdanov, I. Levina, A. V. Kamernitzky, 1993 .

Synthesis of Novel Substituted Phenols by Condensation of α,. beta.-Unsaturated β-Dimethylaminoaldehyde Aminals with Triketones.

Zh. A. Krasnaya, V. S. Bogdanov, E. V. Grechkina, 1994 .

Synthesis of 3-acetyl-2-amino-4-pyridone

V. S. Bogdanov, A. Komkov, V. Dorokhov, 1996 .

Chelate synthesis of 3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-hydroxy-2-trifluoromethylpyridine from ethyl acetoacetate and trifluoroacetonitrile

L. Vasil’ev, V. S. Bogdanov, V. Dorokhov, 1995 .

5-Acetyl-6-amino-4-methylthio-2-phenylpyrimidine and its use in the synthesis of functionalized pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines and pyrimido-[4,5-d]pyrimidines

V. S. Bogdanov, A. Komkov, A. Sakharov, 1995 .

Efficient methods for the synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-ones from 4-amino-5-acetylpyrimidines

V. S. Bogdanov, A. Komkov, V. Dorokhov, 1994 .

Synthesis of 1-alkyl-1,2,4-triazolium 4-nitroimides by alkylation of 4-nitramino-1,2,4-triazole salts

V. S. Bogdanov, O. P. Shitov, V. L. Korolev, 2003 .

Synthesis of Novel Substituted Phenols by Condensation of α,β-Unsaturated β-Dimethylaminoaldehyde Aminals with Triketones

Zh. A. Krasnaya, V. S. Bogdanov, E. V. Grechkina, 1993 .

Nitropyrazoles: 6. Structure of N-nitropyrazoles and their13C,15N, and14N NMR spectra

B. Ugrak, V. S. Bogdanov, S. Shevelev, 1993 .

Melting curve of mercury up to 15 · 108 N/m2

V. S. Bogdanov, 1967 .

Transformed stroids

E. G. Cherepanova, V. S. Bogdanov, A. V. Kamernitskii, 1984 .

Unusual reaction for substitution of acetate group in acylals under the Makosza conditions of generating dichlorocarbene

V. S. Bogdanov, G. Kryshtal, L. A. Yanovskaya, 1981 .

Cyclization of 2-substituted geranylacetic acid esters

V. S. Bogdanov, V. Kadentsev, L. A. Yanovskaya, 1987 .

Cyclization of isoprene compounds: Report 20. Cyclization of the esters of geranic acid under the influence of cationic initiators

V. S. Bogdanov, A. V. Semenovskii, V. F. Kucherov, 1968 .

Synthesis of keto derivatives of lanostane-24-carboxylic acid

V. S. Bogdanov, A. V. Kamernitskii, I. Reshetova, 1990 .

Transformed steroids. 159. D-D′-homoannelation of 20-epimeric alcohols in the pregna-D6′-pentarane series

L. E. Kulikova, E. G. Cherepanova, V. S. Bogdanov, 1987 .

Oscillations of reactivity in the [2+4]-cycloaddition of methyl acrylate to furan

V. S. Bogdanov, V. Zhulin, Yu. D. Koreshkov, 1996 .

Effect of pressure on the Diels-Alder reaction between furan and methyl acrylate

V. S. Bogdanov, V. Zhulin, Yu. D. Koreshkov, 1990 .

Effect of high pressure on the rate constant of the Diels-Alder reaction between furan and maleic anhydride

V. S. Bogdanov, V. Zhulin, Yu. D. Koreshkov, 1990 .

Synthesis of novel condensed tricyclic systems from 2-alkenyl(alkynyl)thio-3-thiophenaldoximes

M. Krayushkin, V. S. Bogdanov, M. Kalik, 1991 .

An investigation of the conformation of decahydroquinoline derivatives by proton magnetic resonance

A. A. Akhrem, V. S. Bogdanov, L. I. Ukhova, 1973 .

High-resolution13C NMR spectra and structure of steroids of the pregnane series containing additional four-or six-membered rings D' at positions 16,17

L. E. Kulikova, E. G. Cherepanova, V. S. Bogdanov, 1986 .

Determination of the relative signs of the spin-spin interaction constants in some N15-substituted organonitrogen compounds

A. V. Kessenikh, V. S. Bogdanov, V. V. Negrebetskii, 1971 .

Study of the structure of steroid 20-carbethoxyhydrazones by high-resolution13C NMR spectroscopy

V. S. Bogdanov, A. M. Turuta, A. V. Kamernitskii, 1988 .

Microbial hydroxylation of 16α,17α-epoxyprogesterone

A. Korobov, V. S. Bogdanov, A. M. Turuta, 1990, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal.

Indirect measurement of the constants JB11H for various vinyl compounds of boron

A. V. Kessenikh, V. S. Bogdanov, V. V. Negrebetskii, 1972 .

Relative signs of the spin-spin coupling constants in F3B · N(CH3)3

A. V. Kessenikh, V. S. Bogdanov, V. V. Negrebetskii, 1972 .

Investigation of inhibited internal rotation in certain substituted 4-thiolen-2-ones and 4-thiolene-

V. S. Bogdanov, M. Kalik, Y. Gol'dfarb, 1974 .

Complexation of Titana‐ and Zirconadihydrofuran Metallacycles with Organoaluminium Compounds and Catalytic Activity of the Resulting Complexes in Polymerization of ϵ‐Caprolactone

K. Lyssenko, V. Shur, A. Spannenberg, 2017 .

The generation and properties of episulfonium intermediates. 8. Regioselectivity in the nucleophilic ring opening of episulfonium ion derivatives of some unsymmetrical alkyl- and arylolefins

A. Gybin, V. S. Bogdanov, V. A. Smit, 1979 .

THE REGIOSELECTIVITY OF EPISULPHONIUM RING OPENING. THE EVIDENCE AGAINST THE INVOLVEMENT OF EPISULPHONIUM INTERMEDIATES IN AdE - REACTIONS OF SULPHENYL HALIDES UNDER NON-POLAR CONDITIONS

A. Gybin, V. S. Bogdanov, E. Vorobieva, 1978 .

Regiospecific markovnikov opening of 1,1-dimethyl-S-arylepisulfonium ions by nucleophiles

A. Gybin, V. S. Bogdanov, V. A. Smit, 1978 .

Condensed heteroaromatic systems that contain a thiophene ring: Communication 30. Synthesis and some properties of new complexing and chelate compounds from benzo[b]thiophene

V. S. Bogdanov, G. V. Isagulyants, A. A. Greish, 1974 .

Synthesis of δ-hetaryl-α,α-dicarbonylalkadienes and a study of their isomerization

S. A. Burova, Zh. A. Krasnaya, V. S. Bogdanov, 1997 .

Synthesis of N-(2-pyridyl)cyanoacetamides and 4-amino-2H-pyrido-[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones from ethyl cyanoacetate and 2-aminopyridine

V. S. Bogdanov, S. Baranin, G. A. Stashina, 1990 .

Synthesis of some sulfur-containing pyrido[1,2-α]pyrimidines

O. Shishkin, V. S. Bogdanov, V. Dorokhov, 1996 .

Synthesis of Some Sulfur-Containing Pyrido(1,2-a)pyrimidines.

O. Shishkin, Y. Struchkov, V. S. Bogdanov, 2010 .

A Novel Thermal Rearrangement in the Pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine Series: Transformation of 3-Acetyl-4-phenylaminopyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-one into 3-Acetyl-2-phenylaminopyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one.

O. Shishkin, Y. Struchkov, V. S. Bogdanov, 1995 .

A Novel Thermal Rearrangement in the Pyrido(1,2-a)pyrimidine Series: Transformation of 3-Acetyl-4-phenylaminopyrido(1,2-a)pyrimidin-2-one into 3-Acetyl-2-phenylaminopyrido(1,2-a)pyrimidin-4-one

O. Shishkin, Y. Struchkov, V. S. Bogdanov, 1995 .

Ti^IV complexes with an OSSO-type diol ligand in the catalysis of olefin polymerization

V. S. Bogdanov, P. V. Primakov, B. Bulychev, 2023, Russian Chemical Bulletin.