V. Beasley

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Ecotoxicology and ecosystem health: roles for veterinarians; goals of the Envirovet program.

V. Beasley, 1993, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

Agrochemicals increase trematode infections in a declining amphibian species

A. Schotthoefer, J. Rohr, L. Johnson, 2008, Nature.

Predator diversity, intraguild predation, and indirect effects drive parasite transmission

Andrew D. Miller, A. Schotthoefer, J. Rohr, 2015, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Forms and prevalence of intersexuality and effects of environmental contaminants on sexuality in cricket frogs (Acris crepitans).

M. Wheeler, R. Warner, G. Foley, 1998, Environmental health perspectives.

Effects of atrazine on amphibian growth and survival in artificial aquatic communities

K. Beckmen, D. Schaeffer, W. Resetarits, 2000 .

Isolation and characterization of the minor components associated with microcystins LR and RR in the cyanobacterium (blue-green algae).

W. Carmichael, S. Oishi, M. Watanabe, 1990, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Analysis and purification of toxic peptides from cyanobacteria by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

W. Carmichael, S. Oishi, M. Watanabe, 1988, Journal of chromatography.

Conservation medicine: building bridges.

V. Beasley, L. Dierauf, G. Griffith, 2001, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

Toxicity of Microcystin LR, a Cyclic Heptapeptide Hepatotoxin from Microcystis aeruginosa, to Rats and Mice

W. Carmichael, W. Haschek, S. Hooser, 1989, Veterinary pathology.

Distribution of Inorganic Mercury in Liver and Kidney of Beluga and Bowhead Whales Through Autometallographic Development of Light Microscopic Tissue Sections

R. Suydam, G. Bratton, M. Wallig, 2002, Toxicologic pathology.

One health—Transdisciplinary opportunities for SETAC leadership in integrating and improving the health of people, animals, and the environment

T. Augspurger, A. Aguirre, W. Benson, 2016, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

Myocardial and Pancreatic Lesions Induced by T-2 Toxin, a Trichothecene Mycotoxin, in Swine

J. Adams, W. Haschek, V. Pang, 1986, Veterinary pathology.

Algae intoxication in livestock and waterfowl.

S. Hooser, W. Valentine, V. Beasley, 1989, The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice.

Monitoring for Diseases in Wildlife Populations

J. M. Levengood, L. Norrgren, V. Beasley, 2013 .

A new procedure for the analysis and purification of naturally occurring anatoxin-a from the blue-green alga Anabaena flos-aquae.

W. Carmichael, Y. Kimura, M. Suzuki, 1989, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Effects of microcystin-LR on actin and the actin-associated proteins alpha-actinin and talin in hepatocytes.

M. Wickstrom, V. Beasley, S. Khan, 1995, Natural toxins.

Isolation of linear peptides related to the hepatotoxins nodularin and microcystins

K. Rinehart, W. Carmichael, B. Choi, 1993 .

Sequential ultrastructural and biochemical changes induced by microcystin-LR in isolated perfused rat livers.

L. A. Miller, W. Haschek, M. Wickstrom, 2006, Natural toxins.

Toxicokinetics of tritiated dihydromicrocystin-LR in swine.

A. R. Twardock, W. Haschek, V. Beasley, 1997, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Ecosystem health. II. Quantifying and predicting ecosystem effects of toxic chemicals: can mammalian testing be used for lab-to-field and field-to-lab extrapolations?

D. Schaeffer, V. Beasley, 1989, Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP.

CONCENTRATIONS AND INTERACTIONS OF SELECTED ESSENTIAL AND NON-ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS IN RINGED SEALS AND POLAR BEARS OF ARCTIC ALASKA

T. O'hara, G. Bratton, V. Beasley, 2001, Journal of wildlife diseases.

Alteration of tissue and serum sphinganine to sphingosine ratio: an early biomarker of exposure to fumonisin-containing feeds in pigs.

A. Merrill, H. Yoo, W. Haschek, 1993, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

HEMATOLOGY, PLASMA BIOCHEMISTRY, AND ANTIBODIES TO SELECT VIRUSES IN WILD-CAUGHT EASTERN MASSASAUGA RATTLESNAKES (SISTRURUS CATENATUS CATENATUS) FROM ILLINOIS

K. Gruszynski, C. Phillips, M. Allender, 2006, Journal of wildlife diseases.

Experimental T-2 Toxicosis in Swine Following Inhalation Exposure: Effects on Pulmonary and Systemic Immunity, and Morphologic Changes

W. Haschek, P. Felsburg, V. Pang, 1987, Toxicologic pathology.

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Elimination: Differences Among Species (9-Aug-1999)

V. Beasley, 2004 .

Consistent inhibition of peripheral cholinesterases by neurotoxins from the freshwater cyanobacterium Anabaena flos-aquae: Studies of ducks, swine, mice and a steer

W. Carmichael, N. A. Mahmood, S. Hooser, 1989 .

Apparent blue-green algae poisoning in swine subsequent to ingestion of a bloom dominated by Anabaena spiroides.

R. Coppock, R. Corley, P. Gorham, 1983, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

Regional brain cholinesterase activity in rats injected intraperitoneally with anatoxin-a(s) or paraoxon.

J. Dellinger, W. Carmichael, V. Beasley, 1989, Toxicology letters.

Comparison of effects of anatoxin-a(s) and paraoxon, physostigmine and pyridostigmine on mouse brain cholinesterase activity.

J. Dellinger, W. Carmichael, V. Beasley, 1988, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Effects of intravenous fumonisin B1 in rabbits: nephrotoxicity and sphingolipid alterations.

R. Weigel, W. Haschek, R. Riley, 1995, Natural toxins.

Characterization of fumonisin toxicity in orally and intravenously dosed swine

W. F. Hall, R. Peterson, W. Haschek, 1992, Mycopathologia.

Comparative pathology of microcystin-LR in cultured hepatocytes, fibroblasts, and renal epithelial cells.

L. A. Miller, W. Haschek, M. Wickstrom, 1995, Natural toxins.

Experimental T-2 toxicosis in swine. III. Morphologic changes following intravascular administration of T-2 toxin.

W. Haschek, V. Pang, V. Beasley, 1987, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

Experimental T-2 toxicosis in swine. I. Changes in cardiac output, aortic mean pressure, catecholamines, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, thromboxane B2, and acid-base parameters.

R. Poppenga, V. Beasley, W. Buck, 1985, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

Intersexuality and the Cricket Frog Decline: Historic and Geographic Trends

M. Wheeler, R. Warner, M. Ruiz, 2004, Environmental health perspectives.

Pathophysiologic effects of anatoxin-a(s) in anaesthetized rats: the influence of atropine and artificial respiration.

G. Iwamoto, W. Carmichael, D. Schaeffer, 1990, Pharmacology & toxicology.

Fate of tritiated didemnin B in mice: excretion and tissue concentrations after an intraperitoneal dose

K. Rinehart, B. Choi, V. Beasley, 2005, Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition.

CHAPTER 26 – Trichothecene Mycotoxins

W. Haschek, V. Beasley, 2009 .

Distribution of blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract of swine during T-2 toxin-induced shock.

R. Poppenga, V. Beasley, W. Buck, 1987, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

Systemic distribution of blood flow during T-2 toxin induced shock in swine.

R. Poppenga, W. Tranquilli, V. Beasley, 1986, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

Toxic and Feeding Deterrent Effects of Native Aquatic Macrophytes on Exotic Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

K. Beckmen, R. Cope, V. Beasley, 2002, Ecotoxicology.

Nodularin, Microcystin, and the Configuration of Adda.

K. Rinehart, W. Carmichael, J. Blunt, 1989 .

Total synthesis of Adda, the unique C20 amino acid of cyanobacterial hepatotoxins

K. Rinehart, W. Carmichael, M. Namikoshi, 1989 .

'One toxicology', 'ecosystem health' and 'one health'.

V. Beasley, 2009, Veterinaria italiana.

Toxicologic evaluation of chlorpyrifos in cats.

J. Sundberg, S. Hooser, V. Beasley, 1988, American journal of veterinary research.

A model system for studying the bioavailability of intestinally administered microcystin-LR, a hepatotoxic peptide from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa.

W. Carmichael, S. Swanson, V. Beasley, 1989, Pharmacology & toxicology.

The Feline Thyroid Gland: A Model for Endocrine Disruption by Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)?

John W. Scott, D. Ferguson, V. Beasley, 2012, Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A.

RR-115 THE FELINE THYROID GLAND : A MODEL FOR ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION BY POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS ?

V. Beasley, D. Mensching, 2009 .

Assessment of potential therapies for acute T-2 toxicosis in the rat.

R. Poppenga, V. Beasley, W. Buck, 1987, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Principles of ecotoxicology

V. Beasley, J. Levengood, 2012 .

CHAPTER 57 – Principles of ecotoxicology

V. Beasley, J. Levengood, 2007 .

Pathophysiologic effects of an aqueous extract of black walnut (Juglans nigra) when administered via nasogastric tube to the horse.

A. R. Twardock, R. Keeler, E. Bailey, 1992 .

Gamma scintigraphic analysis of the distribution of perfusion of blood in the equine foot during black walnut (Juglans nigra)-induced laminitis.

A. R. Twardock, D. Schaeffer, T. Goetz, 1990, American Journal of Veterinary Research.

Microcystin-LR-induced Ultrastructural Changes in Rats

W. Carmichael, W. Haschek, S. Hooser, 1990, Veterinary pathology.

Effect of an aqueous extract of black walnut (Juglans nigra) on isolated equine digital vessels.

D. Schaeffer, L. E. Davis, V. Beasley, 1990, American Journal of Veterinary Research.

Diagnostic and Clinically Important Aspects of Cyanobacterial (Blue-Green Algae) Toxicoses

W. Carmichael, S. Hooser, W. Valentine, 1989, Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc.

Blue-green algae (Microcystis aeruginosa) hepatotoxicosis in dairy cows.

W. Carmichael, W. Haschek, S. Hooser, 1987, American journal of veterinary research.

CONCENTRATIONS AND INTERACTIONS OF SELECTED ESSENTIAL AND NON-ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS IN BOWHEAD AND BELUGA WHALES OF ARCTIC ALASKA

R. Suydam, T. O'hara, G. Bratton, 2001, Journal of wildlife diseases.

Effects of wetland vs. landscape variables on parasite communities of Rana pipiens: links to anthropogenic factors.

A. Schotthoefer, L. Johnson, R. Cole, 2011, Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America.

Black walnut (Juglans nigra) toxicosis: a model for equine laminitis.

H. Whiteley, C. Davis, T. Goetz, 1991, Journal of comparative pathology.

Antagonism in isolated equine digital vessels of contraction induced by epinephrine in the presence of hydrocortisone and an aqueous extract of black walnut (Juglans nigra).

D. Schaeffer, L. E. Davis, V. Beasley, 1989, Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics.

Toxicants that Cause Skin Effects other than Photosensitization

V. Beasley, 2004 .

One Health and Cyanobacteria in Freshwater Systems: Animal Illnesses and Deaths Are Sentinel Events for Human Health Risks

E. Hilborn, V. Beasley, 2015, Toxins.

Chapter 38 – Phycotoxins

P. Solter, V. Beasley, 2013 .

Microcystin-LR decreases hepatic and renal perfusion, and causes circulatory shock, severe hypoglycemia, and terminal hyperkalemia in intravascularly dosed swine.

W. Carmichael, D. Schaeffer, W. Hoffmann, 2000, Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A.

Chemical Study of the Hepatotoxins from Microcystis Aeruginosa Collected in California

K. Rinehart, M. Namikoshi, V. Beasley, 1993, Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc.

Structural modifications imparting reduced toxicity in microcystins from Microcystis spp.

W. Carmichael, K. Rinehart, W. Haschek, 1993, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Toxicity of intraperitoneal doses of microcystin-LR in two strains of male mice.

W. Carmichael, W. Haschek, D. Schaeffer, 1989, Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer.

Nodularin, microcystin, and the configuration of Adda

K. Rinehart, J. Blunt, M. Namikoshi, 1988 .

Improved method for purification of toxic peptides produced by cyanobacteria.

W. Carmichael, K. Rinehart, M. Suzuki, 1988, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Naming of cyclic heptapeptide toxins of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae).

W. Carmichael, J. Eloff, I. Falconer, 1988, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Rhamnus cathartica (Buckthorn) Hepatocellular Toxicity in Mice

C. Lichtensteiger, V. Beasley, N. Johnston, 1997, Toxicologic pathology.

25 – Selected Mycotoxins Affecting Animal and Human Health

W. Haschek, K. Voss, V. Beasley, 2002 .

Direct and Indirect Effects of Environmental Contaminants on Amphibians

V. Beasley, 2020 .

Ribeiroia ondatrae Cercariae Are Consumed by Aquatic Invertebrate Predators

A. Schotthoefer, V. Beasley, K. M. Labak, 2007, The Journal of parasitology.

2,4-D toxicosis.III: An attempt to produce 2,4-D toxicosis in dogs on treated grass plots.

V. Beasley, R. Lovell, J. Stedelin, 1991, Veterinary and human toxicology.

Demasculinization and feminization of male gonads by atrazine: Consistent effects across vertebrate classes

Taisen Iguchi, Zlatko Kniewald, Emily Willingham, 2011, The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

Management of toxicoses.

D. Dorman, V. Beasley, D. Dorman, 1990, The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice.

The toxicity of T-2 toxin in swine following topical application. II. Effects on hematology, serum biochemistry, and immune response.

W. Haschek, P. Felsburg, V. Pang, 1987, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

NEUROTOXICITY OF PYRETHRIN AND PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES

D. Dorman, V. Beasley, 1991 .

Transdisciplinary and social-ecological health frameworks—Novel approaches to emerging parasitic and vector-borne diseases

Laura H. Kahn, B. Wilcox, A. Alonso Aguirre, 2019, Parasite epidemiology and control.

Organochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyl residues in Canada geese (Branta canadensis) from Chicago, Illinois.

V. Beasley, M. Stahl, J. Levengood, 1999, Veterinary and human toxicology.

Development of Fumonisin-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Pulmonary Edema in Orally Dosed Swine: Morphological and Biochemical Alterations

R. Weigel, W. Haschek, C. Bacon, 1998, Toxicologic pathology.

Cottonseed meal (gossypol) toxicosis in a swine herd.

W. Haschek, V. Beasley, W. Buck, 1989, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

Denatonium benzoate as a deterrent to ingestion of toxic substances: toxicity and efficacy.

Colin R. Janssen, V. Beasley, S. Hansen, 1993, Veterinary and human toxicology.

Pharmacokinetics of the trichothecene mycotoxin, T-2 toxin, in swine and cattle.

H. R. Burmeister, R. Corley, S. Swanson, 1986, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Polychlorinated biphenyl contamination of domestic turkeys from building materials

J. M. Sullivan, V. Beasley, P. E. Sanders, 1989 .

S. Swanson, V. Beasley, W. Buck, 1985, Journal of animal science.

Disposition of T-2 toxin, a trichothecene mycotoxin, in intravascularly dosed swine

R. Corley, S. Swanson, L. Johnson, 1986 .

Risk factors and declines in northern cricket frogs (Acris crepitans)

Donald K. Nichols, A. Schotthoefer, R. Cole, 2005 .

The toxicity of T-2 toxin in swine following topical application. I. Clinical signs, pathology, and residue concentrations.

W. Haschek, V. Pang, S. Swanson, 1987, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

Toxicology of selected pesticides, drugs, and chemicals.

V. Beasley, 1990, The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice.

Electromyographic assessment of the neuromuscular blockade produced in vivo by anatoxin-a in the rat.

D. Schaeffer, W. Valentine, V. Beasley, 1991, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Harmful Algal Blooms (Phycotoxins)

V. Beasley, 2020 .

Toxicology of selected pesticides, drugs, and chemicals. Smoke inhalation.

V. Beasley, 1990, The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice.

Fenvalerate/N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (Deet) toxicosis in two cats.

D. Dorman, V. Beasley, W. Buck, 1990, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

Effects of an insecticidal dip containing d-limonene in the cat.

J. Everitt, S. Hooser, V. Beasley, 1986, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

Neurotoxicology of pyrethrin and the pyrethroid insecticides.

D. Dorman, V. Beasley, 1991, Veterinary and human toxicology.

Barriers to, Efforts in, and Optimization of Integrated One Health Surveillance: A Review and Synthesis

E. C. Hahn, V. Beasley, J. Herrmann, 2015, EcoHealth.

Experimental T-2 toxicosis in swine: II. Effect of intravascular T-2 toxin on serum enzymes and biochemistry, blood coagulation, and hematology☆

V. Beasley, W. Buck, A. Ghent, 1985 .

Experimental T-2 toxicosis in swine following inhalation exposure: clinical signs and effects on hematology, serum biochemistry, and immune response.

W. Haschek, P. Felsburg, V. Pang, 1988, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

A clinical episode demonstrating variable characteristics of pseudorabies infection in cattle

J. Thilsted, V. Beasley, W. Buck, 1980, Veterinary Research Communications.

Alterations in Microtubules, Intermediate Filaments, and Microfilaments Induced by Microcystin-LR in Cultured Cells

J. Eriksson, W. Haschek, M. Wickstrom, 1995, Toxicologic pathology.

Emergency treatments for police dogs used for illicit drug detection.

V. Beasley, G. Dumonceaux, 1990, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

A wire reclamation incinerator as a source of environmental contamination with tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and tetrachlorodibenzofurans.

D. Hryhorczuk, V. Beasley, C. S. Hesse, 1981, Archives of environmental health.

Trichothecene mycotoxicosis: pathophysiologic effects. Volume I.

V. Beasley, 1989 .

Assessment of a general therapeutic protocol for the treatment of acute T-2 toxicosis in swine.

R. Poppenga, V. Beasley, W. Buck, 1987, Veterinary and human toxicology.

Feed refusal in cattle associated with Fusarium moniliforme in corn

J. J. Ellis, R. Vesonder, V. Beasley, 1982, Veterinary Record.

Identification of 12 hepatotoxins from a Homer Lake bloom of the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis viridis, and Microcystis wesenbergii : nine new microcystins

R. Sakai, K. Rinehart, W. Carmichael, 1992 .

Occurrence of fungi and mycotoxins associated with field mold damaged soybeans in the midwest.

J. Sinclair, B. Jacobsen, S. Swanson, 1995 .

Temporal and dose-response features in swine fed corn screenings contaminated with fumonisin mycotoxins

W. F. Hall, W. Haschek, D. Schaeffer, 1994, Mycopathologia.

Ecosystem health. IV. The National Animal Poison Information Network database as a tool for ecological risk assessment.

D. Schaeffer, V. Beasley, 1989, Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP.

One Toxicology, One Health, One Planet

R. Poppenga, D. Hryhorczuk, V. Beasley, 2018 .

Neutral red assay modification to prevent cytotoxicity and improve reproducibility using E-63 rat skeletal muscle cells.

J. Novakofski, V. Beasley, J. Hall, 1998, Biotechnic & histochemistry : official publication of the Biological Stain Commission.

PREVALENCE OF SKELETAL AND EYE MALFORMATIONS IN FROGS FROM NORTH-CENTRAL UNITED STATES: ESTIMATIONS BASED ON COLLECTIONS FROM RANDOMLY SELECTED SITES

A. Schotthoefer, L. Johnson, R. Cole, 2003, Journal of wildlife diseases.

Seven More Microcystins from Homer Lake Cells: Application of the General Method for Structure Assignment of Peptides Containing α, β-Dehydroamino Acid Unit(s)

K. Rinehart, W. Carmichael, B. Choi, 1995 .

2,4-D toxicosis. I: A pilot study of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid- and dicamba-induced myotonia in experimental dogs.

V. Beasley, Parker Aj, R. Lovell, 1991, Veterinary and human toxicology.

The pharmacokinetics of chlorinated phenoxy acid herbicides: a literature review.

V. Beasley, E. K. Arnold, 1989, Veterinary and human toxicology.

2,4-D toxicosis.II: A pilot study of clinical pathologic and electroencephalographic effects and residues of 2,4-D in orally dosed dogs.

V. Beasley, J. Stedelin, A. Parker, 1991, Veterinary and human toxicology.

Uptake and subcellular localization of tritiated dihydro-microcystin-LR in rat liver.

W. Carmichael, W. Haschek, M. Kuhlenschmidt, 1991, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Experimental T-2 toxicosis in swine. II. Effect of intravascular T-2 toxin on serum enzymes and biochemistry, blood coagulation, and hematology.

V. Beasley, W. Buck, A. Ghent, 1985, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

An evaluation of the acute toxicity of an insecticidal spray containing linalool, d-limonene, and piperonyl butoxide applied topically to domestic cats.

J. Sundberg, S. Hooser, V. Beasley, 1988, Veterinary and human toxicology.

RELATIONSHIP OF TADPOLE STAGE TO LOCATION OF ECHINOSTOME CERCARIAE ENCYSTMENT AND THE CONSEQUENCES FOR TADPOLE SURVIVAL

A. Schotthoefer, R. Cole, V. Beasley, 2003, The Journal of parasitology.

Acute ethylene glycol toxicosis: a review.

V. Beasley, W. Buck, 1980, Veterinary and human toxicology.

Advancing the ‘One Health’ workforce by integrating ecosystem health practice into veterinary medical education: The Envirovet Summer Institute

J. Mazet, K. Gilardi, V. Beasley, 2016 .

Ribeiroia ondatrae Cercariae Are Consumed by Aquatic Invertebrate Predators

A. Schotthoefer, V. Beasley, K. M. Labak, 2007, The Journal of parasitology.

Distribution of tritiated dihydromicrocystin in swine.

K. Rinehart, W. Haschek, V. Beasley, 1997, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology.

Envirovet Summer Institute: Integrating Veterinary Medicine into Ecosystem Health Practice

J. Else, K. Gilardi, V. Beasley, 2004, EcoHealth.

Preliminary Studies with Bovine Retina Cholinesterase Determinations in Organophosphorus Insecticide Poisoning

V. Beasley, K. Harlin, Saada Hamdy, 1989, Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc.