S. Steenken

J. Mattay, S. Steenken, C. Gaebert, 2004, Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology.

RADICAL-CATION [3+2] CYCLOADDITIONS OF 2H-AZIRINES - MECHANISTIC STUDIES CONCERNING THE INTERMEDIATE RADICAL-CATION

J. Mattay, S. Steenken, F. Müller, 1993 .

Carbon-carbon bond homolysis in hexakis(trifluoromethylmercapto)ethane at room temperature. Thermodynamic, kinetic, and electron spin resonance results

A. Haas, S. Steenken, K. Schlosser, 1979 .

Detection of Phenyl-Substituted Radical Cations Derived from Cyclopentyl- and Urazole-Type Azoalkanes by Pulse Radiolysis: Influence of Heteroatom Substitution on the Radical Cation Reactivities

W. Adam, S. Steenken, T. Kammel, 1997 .

Reversible nitrogen-nitrogen bond homolysis in tetrakis(trifluoromethylthio)hydrazine at room temperature. Electron spin resonance, thermodynamic, and kinetic results

S. Steenken, K. Schlosser, 1983 .

Multiple-Photon Chemistry of 9-(Phenoxymethyl)- and 9,10-Bis(phenoxymethyl)anthracenes in the Laser-Jet: Generation, Photochemistry, and Time-Resolved Laser-Flash Spectroscopy of Anthracenylmethyl Radicals and Pulse Radiolysis of 9-(Bromomethyl)anthracene

W. Adam, S. Steenken, K. Schneider, 1997 .

Structure of radicals derived from hydroxypyrimidines in aqueous solution

J. P. Telo, S. Steenken, H. Novais, 2002 .

DFT calculations on the electrophilic reaction with water of the guanine and adenine radical cations. A model for the situation in DNAElectronic Supplementary Information available. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cp/b1/b109204a/

J. Reynisson, S. Steenken, 2002 .

Chemical Reactivity of DNA Radicals - A Reflection of their Redox Properties

E. Fielden, P. O'Neill, S. Steenken, 1991 .

Electron spin resonance and pulse radiolysis studies on the reaction of OH sup sm bullet and SO sub 4 sup sm bullet minus with five-membered heterocyclic compounds in aqueous solution

S. Icli, D. Schulte‐Frohlinde, S. Steenken, 1990 .

Photohomolysis and Photoionization of Substituted Tetraphenylethanes and C–C Fragmentation of 1,1,2,2‐Tetra(p‐R‐phenyl)ethane Radical Cations (R=H, CH3, OCH3, Cl)

R. McClelland, J. Faria, S. Steenken, 1998 .

How Easily Oxidizable Is DNA? One-Electron Reduction Potentials of Adenosine and Guanosine Radicals in Aqueous Solution

Slobodan V. Jovanovic, Steen Steenken, S. Jovanovic, 1997 .

Generation of radical-cations from naphthalene and some derivatives, both by photoionization and reaction with SO4–˙: formation and reactions studied by laser flash photolysis

B. C. Gilbert, S. Steenken, C. J. Warren, 1990 .

Electrophilic reactivity of the triphenylmethyl carbocation in aqueous solutions

R. McClelland, S. Steenken, N. Banait, 1986 .

Redox reactivity of bis(1,4,7-triazacyclononane)iron(II/III) complexes in alkaline solution and characterization of a deprotonated species: amidoiron(III) vs aminyliron(II) ground-state formulation. EPR, kinetic, pulse radiolysis, and laser photolysis study

K. Wieghardt, W. Kaim, K. Pohl, 1988 .

Oxygen Versus Carbon Acidity in the Side-Chain Fragmentation of 2-, 3-, and 4-Arylalkanol Radical Cations in Aqueous Solution: The Influence of the Distance between the OH Group and the Aromatic Ring1

M. Bietti, E. Baciocchi, L. Manduchi, 1999 .

Kinetic and Product Studies on the Side‐Chain Fragmentation of 1‐Arylalkanol Radical Cations in Aqueous Solution: Oxygen versus Carbon Acidity

M. Bietti, E. Baciocchi, S. Steenken, 1999 .

Side-Chain Fragmentation of Arylalkanol Radical Cations. Carbon−Carbon and Carbon−Hydrogen Bond Cleavage and the Role of α- and β-OH Groups

L. Putignani, M. Bietti, E. Baciocchi, 1996 .

Photoionization (.lambda. = 248 or 308 nm) of triphenylmethyl radical in aqueous solution. Formation of triphenylmethyl carbocation

J. Faria, S. Steenken, 1990 .

Photochemistry of 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-diphenylbutane: carbon-carbon homolysis and protonation-induced side-chain fragmentation

J. Faria, S. Steenken, 1992 .

Reactivities of triarylmethyl and diarylmethyl cations with azide ion investigated by laser flash photolysis. Diffusion-controlled reactions

R. McClelland, S. Steenken, V. Kanagasabapathy, 1991 .

A kinetic method for the measurement of the pKR value of the triphenylmethyl cation in the aqueous standard state

R. McClelland, N. Mathivanan, S. Steenken, 1990 .

Solvent Induced Intramolecular Electron Exchange Kinetics in 1,3‐Isodisubstituted Aromatic Radical Anions II. Activation Parameters

S. Steenken, B. Herold, M. Shohoji, 1990 .

Antioxidant Potential of Gallocatechins. A Pulse Radiolysis and Laser Photolysis Study

Y. Hara, S. Jovanovic, M. Simic, 1995 .

Purine bases, nucleosides, and nucleotides: aqueous solution redox chemistry and transformation reactions of their radical cations and e- and OH adducts

Steen Steenken, S. Steenken, 1989 .

Photo- and radiation-chemical formation and electrophilic and electron transfer reactivities of enolether radical cations in aqueous solution.

R. Gleiter, D. Beckert, J. Reynisson, 2001, Chemistry.

Reactions of oxidizing radicals with 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidines as model compounds for uracil, thymine, and cytosine

S. Steenken, H. Novais, 1987 .

Site of OH radical attack on dihydrouracil and some of its methyl derivatives.

C. Sonntag, C. von Sonntag, M. N. Schuchmann, 1984, International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine.

Standard electrode potentials involving radicals in aqueous solution: inorganic radicals (IUPAC Technical Report)

Branko Ruscic, Robert E. Huie, W. Koppenol, 2015 .

Solvent-dependent C-OH homolysis and heterolysis in electronically excited 9-fluorenol: the life and solvation time of the 9-fluorenyl cation in water.

G. Gurzadyan, S. Steenken, 2001, Chemistry.

Oxidation of phenolates and phenylenediamines by 2-alkononyl radicals produced from 1,2-dihydroxy- and 1-hydroxy-2-alkoxyalkyl radicals

S. Steenken, 1979 .

Fumarate and maleate as spin traps for acyl radicals. Decarboxylation of the adduct radicals to yield 1-carboxy-3-oxyallyl radical dianions

S. Steenken, M. Lyda, 1977 .

Pattern of addition of hydroxyl radicals to the spin traps .alpha.-pyridyl 1-oxide N-tert-butyl nitrone

E. Janzen, P. Neta, S. Steenken, 1980 .

Generation and Reactivity of Aromatic Thioether Radical Cations in Aqueous Solution As Studied by Pulse Radiolysis

M. Ioele, E. Baciocchi, S. Steenken, 1997 .

Water-Assisted Intramolecular Electron Transfer from the Ring to the Side Chain in N,N,N',N'-Tetraalkyl-para-phenylenediamine Radicals-The Reverse of Side Chain Deprotonation of Radical Cations.

S. Steenken, A. Vieira, 2001, Angewandte Chemie.

Two Routes in the Formation of Hydrogen Halides from OH Adducts of Halogenated Anisoles in Aqueous Solution

D. Schulte‐Frohlinde, P. O'Neill, S. Steenken, 1978 .

Electrophilic reaction of the hydroxyl radical with phenol. Determination of the distribution of isomeric dihydroxycyclohexadienyl radicals

N. Raghavan, S. Steenken, 1980 .

On the hydrolysis of AgII, TlII, SnIII and CuIII

K. Asmus, D. Schulte‐Frohlinde, P. O'Neill, 1978 .

Photoionization versus photoheterolysis of all-trans-retinol. The effects of solvent and laser radiation intensity.

G. Gurzadyan, J. Reynisson, S. Steenken, 2007, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

Pulse radiolysis and election spin resonance studies of the dehydration of radicals from 1,2-diols and related compounds

B. C. Gilbert, M. Davies, S. Steenken, 1986 .

Formation of radical cations of methoxylated benzenes by reaction with hydroxyl radicals, thallium(2+), silver(2+), and peroxysulfate (SO4.-) in aqueous solution. Optical and conductometric pulse radiolysis and in situ radiolysis electron spin resonance study

D. Schulte‐Frohlinde, P. O'Neill, S. Steenken, 1975 .

Nanosecond laser flash photolytic generation and lifetimes in solvolytic media of diarylmethyl and p-methoxyphenethyl cations

S. Steenken, V. Kanagasabapathy, R. McCLELLAND, 1988 .

CYCLOHEXADIENYL-TYPE CATIONIC INTERMEDIATES IN THE FRIEDEL-CRAFTS ALKYLATION OF BENZENE DERIVATIVES WITH THE 9-FLUORENYL CATION : OBSERVATION BY LASER FLASH PHOTOLYSIS

F. Cozens, S. Steenken, Jianhui Li, 1992 .

Laser Flash Photolysis Generation, Spectra, and Lifetimes of Phenylcarbenium Ions in Trifluoroethanol and Hexafluoroisopropyl Alcohol. On the UV Spectrum of the Benzyl Cation

F. Cozens, S. Steenken, A. Modro, 1991 .

One-electron oxidation of alkylbenzenes in acetonitrile by photochemically produced nitrate radical: evidence for an inner-sphere mechanism

T. D. Giacco, E. Baciocchi, S. Steenken, 1993 .

Pulse Radiolysis and ESR Studies of the Dehydration of Radicals from 1,2-Diols and Related Compounds.

M. Davies, B. C. Gilbert, S. Steenken, 1986 .

Pulse Radiolysis and Electron Spin Resonance Studies on the Formation of Phenoxyl Radicals by Reaction of OH Radicals with Methoxylated Phenols and Hydroxybenzoic Acids

P. O'Neill, S. Steenken, 1977 .

Radiation Chemistry of DNA Model Compounds. Part IV. Phosphate Ester Cleavage in Radicals Derived from Glycerol Phosphates

D. Schulte‐Frohlinde, S. Steenken, G. Behrens, 1974 .

Carbenes and the oxygen-hydrogen bond: spectroscopic evidence for protonation of diarylcarbenes to give diarylcarbenium ions

W. Kirmse, S. Steenken, J. Kilian, 1990 .

Photochemistry of Phenylallenes in Protic Media. Formation of Allyl Cations by Way of Vinylcarbenes

W. Kirmse, S. Steenken, I. K. Strehlke, 1995 .

Antioxidant action of stobadine.

H. Sies, L. Horakova, S. Steenken, 1994, Methods in enzymology.

Ionization of purine nucleosides and nucleotides and their components by 193-nm laser photolysis in aqueous solution : model studies for oxidative damage of DNA

L. P. Candeias, S. Steenken, 1992 .

BIPHOTONIC GENERATION OF CARBENES AND CARBOCATIONS BY LASER FLASH PHOTOLYSIS

W. Kirmse, S. Steenken, Birgit Krzossa, 1996 .

DFT calculations on the deprotonation site of the one-electron oxidised guanine-cytosine base pair.

J. Reynisson, S. Steenken, 2010, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

Photoreaction of Biacetyl and 1,3‐Dioxole Derivatives: Modification of the Mechanism of the Photoreaction of Carbonyl Compounds with Electron‐Rich Olefins

J. Mattay, S. Steenken, H. Leismann, 1984 .

Electrophilic reactions of xanthylium carbocations produced by flash photolysis of 9-xanthenols

S. Steenken, N. Banait, R. McCLELLAND, 1989 .

Laser Flash Photolysis Study of Arylcyclopropylcarbenium Ions: Cation Stabilizing Abilities of Cyclopropyl and Phenyl Groups

W. Kirmse, S. Steenken, Birgit Krzossa, 1996 .

Flash photolysis study of a Friedel–Crafts alkylation. Reaction of the photogenerated 9-fluorenyl cation with aromatic compounds

F. Cozens, S. Steenken, Jianhui Li, 1996 .

Mechanisms of the Oxidation of Alkylaromatics and Aromatic Sulfides by Cytochrome P-450 and Peroxidases

M. Ioele, O. Lanzalunga, M. Bietti, 1997 .

Regioselective photoprotonation of 1,3-dimethoxybenzenes in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl alcohol. H-D isotope-exchange and laser flash photolysis studies

N. Mathivanan, F. Cozens, S. Steenken, 1992 .

Reactivities of 9-arylfluoren-9-yl and 1-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethyl cations in water and trifluoroethanol studied by laser flash photolysis

N. Mathivanan, F. Cozens, S. Steenken, 1992 .

248-nm Laser flash photoprotonation of mesitylene, hexamethylbenzene, and 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl alcohol. Formation and electrophilic reactivities of the cyclohexadienyl cations

S. Steenken, R. McCLELLAND, 1990 .

Laser flash photolysis of 9-fluorenol. Production and reactivities of the 9-fluorenol radical cation and the 9-fluorenyl cation

N. Mathivanan, S. Steenken, R. McCLELLAND, 1990 .

Laser flash photolysis observation of the 1-p-methoxyphenylvlnyl cation by photoprotonation of p-methoxyphenylacetylene. Comparison with the 1-p-methoxyphenethyl cation.

F. Cozens, S. Steenken, R. McCLELLAND, 1990 .

Antioxidant activity of the pyridoindole stobadine. Pulse radiolytic characterization of one-electron-oxidized stobadine and quenching of singlet molecular oxygen.

H. Sies, S. Jovanovic, R. Crockett, 1992, Chemical research in toxicology.

Flash photolysis observation and lifetimes of the cation intermediates in the intramolecular photoprotonation of tryptamine, tryptophan and their N-methyl derivatives

F. Cozens, S. Steenken, R. McCLELLAND, 1992 .

Electrophilic Reactions of Xanthylium Carbocations Produced by Flash Photolysis of 9-Xanthenols.

S. Steenken, N. Banait, R. McCLELLAND, 1989 .

Pronounced solvent effect on the absorption spectra of the photochemically produced 2,4-dinitrobenzyl carbanion

S. Steenken, R. McCLELLAND, 1987 .

Common Origin of Enthalpic and Entropic Substituent Effects in Reactions of Benzhydryl Cations with Nucleophiles

H. Mayr, S. Steenken, M. Patz, 1995 .

Lifetime, Reduction Potential and Base-Induced Fragmentation of the Veratryl Alcohol Radical Cation in Aqueous Solution. Pulse Radiolysis Studies on a Ligninase ``Mediator''

M. Bietti, E. Baciocchi, S. Steenken, 1998 .

Photodissociation of N-(Triphenylmethyl)anilines: A Laser Flash Photolysis, ESR, and Product Analysis Study1

S. Garas, N. Karakostas, M. Siskos, 1998 .

Pattern of hydroxyl radical reaction with 6- and 9-substituted purines: effect of substituents on the rates and activation parameters of the unimolecular transformation reactions of two isomeric hydroxyl adducts

S. Steenken, A. Vieira, 1987 .

Radical oxidation of xanthines : a reaction pathway to uric acid ?

S. Steenken, A. Vieira, 1996 .

Hydroxyl radical induced damage to the purine bases of DNA : in vitro studies

L. P. Candeias, S. Steenken, A. Vieira, 1993 .

Radiation-chemical production and lifetimes of trialkoxymethyl carbocations in aqueous solution

S. Steenken, J. Buschek, R. McCLELLAND, 1986 .

Mechanisms of direct and TiO2-photocatalysed UV degradation of phenylurea herbicides.

J. A. Santaballa, E. Vulliet, S. Rodríguez, 2005, Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry.

Photoionization of diarylmethyl radicals in acetonitrile and alcohol-water : laser flash production of diarylcarbenium ions

J. Faria, S. Steenken, 1993 .

Lifetimes of .alpha.-dialkoxy carbocations produced via radical cations generated by electron transfer and photoionization in aqueous solution

S. Steenken, R. McCLELLAND, 1989 .

Lifetimes of α-Dialkoxy Carbocations Produced via Radical Cations Generated by Electron Transfer and Photoionization in Aqueous Solution.

S. Steenken, R. McCLELLAND, 1989 .

Photo‐ and Radiation‐Chemical Generation and Thermodynamic Properties of the Aminium and Aminyl Radicals Derived from N‐Phenylglycine and (N‐Chloro,N‐phenyl)glycine in Aqueous Solution: Evidence for a New Photoionization Mechanism for Aromatic Amines

J. A. Santaballa, S. Steenken, M. C. López, 1999 .

Oxidation of methoxyhydroxycyclohexadienyl radicals by quinones. The influence of the isomeric structure of the radical on the rate constant for electron transfer

N. Raghavan, S. Steenken, 1979 .

Oxidative demethoxylation of methoxylated phenols and hydroxybenzoic acids by the hydroxyl radical. An in situ electron spin resonance, conductometric pulse radiolysis and product analysis study

P. O'Neill, S. Steenken, 1977 .

Formation of radical cations and zwitterions versus demethoxylation in the reaction of OH with a series of methoxylated benzenes and benzoic acids. An example of the electrophilic nature of the OH radical

D. Schulte‐Frohlinde, P. O'Neill, S. Steenken, 1977 .

First stages of photodegradation of the urea herbicides Fenuron, Monuron and Diuron

J. A. Santaballa, S. Steenken, L. Vázquez, 2001 .

Formation of cyclic sulphuranyl radicals of the type [RSSR2] from 1,3-bis(alkylthio)propanes by laser flash photolysis of 1,n-bis(alkylthio)alkanes

E. Anklam, S. Steenken, 1988 .

Hydrogen bonding between histidine and lignin model compounds or redox mediators as calculated with the DFT method. Effects on the ease of oxidation.

J. Reynisson, S. Steenken, 2004, Organic & biomolecular chemistry.

Oxidation of substituted alkyl radicals by hexachloroiridate(2-), hexacyanoferrate(3-), and permanganate ions in aqueous solution. Electron transfer versus chlorine transfer from hexachloroiridate(2-) ion

P. Neta, S. Steenken, 1982 .

Multiple-Photon Chemistry in the Laser-Jet: Photochemistry and Time-Resolved Laser-Flash Spectroscopy of the 1-Naphthylmethyl Radical

W. Adam, S. Steenken, K. Schneider, 1997 .

Electron transfer in di(deoxy)nucleoside phosphates in aqueous solution: rapid migration of oxidative damage (via adenine) to guanine

L. P. Candeias, S. Steenken, 1993 .

One-electron reduction of 2-aminopurine in the aqueous phase. A DFT and pulse radiolysis study.

J. Reynisson, S. Steenken, 2005, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

Oxygen Acidity of 1-Arylalkanol Radical Cations. 4-Methoxycumyloxyl Radical as −C(Me)2−O--to-Nucleus Electron-Transfer Intermediate in the Reaction of 4-Methoxycumyl Alcohol Radical Cation with OH-

O. Lanzalunga, M. Bietti, E. Baciocchi, 1998 .

Base-Catalyzed C−H Deprotonation of 4-Methoxybenzyl Alcohol Radical Cations in Water: Evidence for a Carbon-to-Oxygen 1,2-H-Shift Mechanism

M. Bietti, E. Baciocchi, S. Steenken, 1997 .

Reaction of Hydrated Electrons with Guanine Nucleosides: Fast Protonation on Carbon of the Electron Adduct

L. P. Candeias, P. O'Neill, S. Steenken, 1992 .

One-electron reduction potentials of 5-indoxyl radicals: a pulse radiolysis and laser photolysis study

S. Jovanovic, M. Simic, S. Steenken, 1990 .

One-Electron Redox Reactions Between Radicals and Organic Molecules. An Addition/Elimination (Inner-Sphere) Path

S. Steenken, 1996 .

DFT studies on the pairing abilities of the one-electron reduced or oxidized adenine–thymine base pair

J. Reynisson, S. Steenken, 2002 .

Photochemistry of 3H-indazoles in protic media. Benzyl cations via protonation of 2-methylene-3,5-cyclohexadienylidenes

W. Kirmse, S. Steenken, J. Kilian, 1995 .

Radiation Chemical Production, Lifetimes, and Structure-Activity Relations for α-Dialkoxyalkyl Carbocations in Aqueous Solutions: Importance of Solvation for Cation Reactivity.

S. Steenken, R. McCLELLAND, 1988 .

The complexation energy of the one-electron oxidized guanine–cytosine base pair and its parent system with small cations. A DFT-study

J. Reynisson, S. Steenken, 2003 .

Radicals in Aqueous Solution from Fe(III) Complexes with Macrocyclic Ligands Containing Phenolates

K. Wieghardt, S. Steenken, C. Stockheim, 1997 .

Is "frank" DNA-strand breakage via the guanine radical thermodynamically and sterically possible?

J. Reynisson, L. P. Candeias, S. Jovanovic, 2001, Chemistry.

Selectivity of addition of the hydroxyl radical to ring positions of pyridine and pyridine mono- and dicarboxylic acids. An electron spin resonance investigation

P. O'Neill, S. Steenken, 1978 .

The calculated base pairing energy of 8-oxoguanine in the syn-anti conformation with cytosine, thymine, adenine and guanine

J. Reynisson, S. Steenken, 2005 .

Flash photolysis production of the tetrahedral intermediate of the methanolysis of methyl benzoate. Direct measurement of the rate of breakdown of the conjugate base form

S. Steenken, V. Kanagasabapathy, R. McCLELLAND, 1990 .

ESR Studies of Electron and Hydrogen Adducts of Thymine and Uracil and Their Derivatives and of 4,6-Dihydroxypyrimidines in Aqueous Solution.

S. Steenken, H. Novais, 1986 .

ESR studies of electron and hydrogen adducts of thymine and uracil and their derivatives and of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidines in aqueous solution: comparison with data from solid state. The protonation at carbon of the electron adducts

S. Steenken, H. Novais, 1986 .

Photophysical and Redox Properties of a Series of Phthalocyanines: Relation with Their Photodynamic Activities on TF‐1 and Daudi Leukemic Cells

C. Chabannon, M. Chanon, M. Julliard, 1996, Photochemistry and photobiology.

PHOTOFRAGMENTATION OF α‐OXOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION. AN EPR STUDY. FORMATION OF SEMIDIONE RADICALS BY DECARBOXYLATIVE SUBSTITUTION OF α‐OXOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS BY ACYL RADICALS‐I: GLYOXYLIC, PYRUVIC, α‐OXOBUTYRIC, α‐OXOGLUTARIC AND α‐OXOISOCAPROlC ACIDS

D. Schulte‐Frohlinde, S. Steenken, E. D. Sprague, 1975 .

[3 + 2] Cycloadditions and Protonation by Alcohols of Photochemically Generated Nitrile Ylides from 2H-Azirines. Formation and Reactivities of Azaallenium Cations

J. Mattay, S. Steenken, E. Albrecht, 1997 .

Generation of Radical Cations from Naphthalene and Some Derivatives (I), Both by Photoionization and Reaction with SO-· 4: Formation and Reactions Studied by Laser Flash Photolysis

B. C. Gilbert, S. Steenken, C. J. Warren, 1990 .

Pattern of OH radical reaction with N6,N6-dimethyladenosine. Production of three isomeric OH adducts and their dehydration and ring-opening reactions

S. Steenken, A. Vieira, 1987 .

Electron adducts of adenine nucleosides and nucleotides in aqueous solution : protonation at two carbon sites (C2 and C8) and intra- and intermolecular catalysis by phosphate

L. P. Candeias, S. Steenken, 1992 .

Photoionization of Organic Phosphates by 193 nm Laser Light in Aqueous Solution: Rapid Intramolecular H-Transfer to the Primarily Formed Phosphate Radical. A Model for Ionization-Induced Chain-Breakage in DNA?

S. Steenken, Ludmila Goldbergerova, 1998 .

Pulse-radiolytic studies on the reactions of SO - · 4 with uracil dervivatives

C. Sonntag, D. Schulte‐Frohlinde, E. Bothe, 1990 .

Substituent Effects on the Spectral, Acid-Base, and Redox Properties of Indolyl Radicals: A Pulse Radiolysis Study.

S. Jovanovic, S. Steenken, 1992 .