W. Lee

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Practice guidelines for performance of the routine mid‐trimester fetal ultrasound scan

Z Alfirevic, F Prefumo, K. Kalache, 2011, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid‐trimester fetal ultrasound scan

G. Chalouhi, F. Prefumo, A. Toi, 2022, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Does fetoscopic or open repair for spina bifida affect fetal and postnatal growth?

W. Whitehead, M. Belfort, A. Shamshirsaz, 2019, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound curriculum and competency assessment in residency training programs: consensus report

J. J. Perez, P. Doubilet, K. Mann, 2018, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Iliac crest angle: a novel sonographic parameter for the prediction of Down syndrome risk during the second trimester of pregnancy

S. Hassan, M. Balasubramaniam, F. Gotsch, 2010, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Alterations in plasma volume and protein during cycle exercise throughout pregnancy.

J. Pivarnik, J. Miller, W. Lee, 1980, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

Non‐invasive fetal lung assessment using diffusion‐weighted imaging

S. Hassan, A. Shetty, F. Gotsch, 2009, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Simple targeted arterial rendering (STAR) technique: a novel and simple method to visualize the fetal cardiac outflow tracts

S. Hassan, J. Kusanovic, R. Romero, 2011, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Transvaginal ultrasonography for all placentas that appear to be low‐lying or over the internal cervical os

C. Comstock, M. Lauria, R. Smith, 1997, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Fetal cardiac dysfunction in preterm premature rupture of membranes

F. Ghezzi, R. Romero, M. Treadwell, 2004 .

Pleural and pericardial effusion: a potential ultrasonographic marker for the prenatal differential diagnosis between congenital diaphragmatic eventration and congenital diaphragmatic hernia

J. Espinoza, J. Kusanovic, R. Romero, 2007, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Physiological and perceptual responses to cycle and treadmill exercise during pregnancy.

J. Pivarnik, J. Miller, W. Lee, 1991, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

Cyanotic maternal heart disease in pregnancy.

J. Huhta, G. Hankins, R. Carpenter, 1990, Obstetrical & gynecological survey.

Central hemodynamic assessment of normal term pregnancy

J. Pivarnik, S. Clark, T. Benedetti, 1989 .

Re: Nuchal translucency and major congenital heart defects in fetuses with normal karyotype: a meta‐analysis. A. Sotiriadis, S. Papatheodorou, M. Eleftheriades and G. Makrydimas. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013; 42: 383–389

W. Lee, 2013, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): use of Doppler velocimetry in obstetrics

A. Baschat, F. Prefumo, A. Bhide, 2021, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Double‐outlet right ventricle: an antenatal diagnostic dilemma

C. Comstock, R. Smith, J. Kirk, 1999, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of fetal anomalies: a blinded case–control study

A. Shetty, L. Gonçalves, R. Romero, 2016, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Position change and central hemodynamic profile during normal third-trimester pregnancy and post partum.

J. Pivarnik, S. Clark, T. Benedetti, 1991, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

Maternal hemodynamic effects of uterine contractions by M-mode and pulsed-Doppler echocardiography.

R. Rokey, J. Miller, D. Cotton, 1990, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

Doppler assessment of the fetal and uteroplacental circulation during nifedipine therapy for preterm labor

G. Mari, K. Moise, D. Cotton, 1989, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

Maternal respiration and blood gases during aerobic exercise performed at moderate altitude.

J. Pivarnik, S. Clark, T. Spillman, 1992, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

Cardiac Output Responses of Primigravid Women During Exercise Determined by the Direct Fick Technique

J. Pivarnik, J. Miller, D. Cotton, 1990, Obstetrics and gynecology.

Three‐dimensional ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of cleidocranial dysplasia associated with B‐cell immunodeficiency

M. Treadwell, J. Espinoza, L. Gonçalves, 2006, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Cardiorespiratory alterations during normal pregnancy.

W. Lee, Wesley Lee, 1991, Critical care clinics.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy: current concepts and clinical management.

D. Cotton, W. Lee, W. Lee, 1989, Clinical obstetrics and gynecology.

Customized growth curves for identification of large‐for‐gestational age neonates in pre‐eclamptic women

M. Belfort, J. Espinoza, M. Belfort, 2014, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Central hemodynamic assessment of normal term pregnancy.

J. Pivarnik, G. Devore, J. Phelan, 1991, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

Atypical presentation of fetal arteriovenous malformation.

R. Romero, J. Kirk, P. Pryde, 1994, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Maternal Diabetes Mellitus: Which Views Are Essential for Fetal Echocardiography?

C. Comstock, Wesley Lee, R. Lorenz, 1997, Obstetrics and gynecology.

Physiologic observations of pregnant women undergoing prophylactic erythrocytapheresis for sickle cell disease

J. Pivarnik, R. Rokey, J. Miller, 1991, Transfusion.

Prenatal brain imaging for predicting need for postnatal hydrocephalus treatment in fetuses that had neural tube defect repair in utero

W. Whitehead, M. Belfort, A. Shamshirsaz, 2019, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Fetal cardiac asymmetry: a marker for congenital heart disease.

C. Comstock, R. Smith, E. Weinhouse, 1999, Obstetrics and gynecology.

Urinary diagnostic indices in preeclampsia-associated oliguria: correlation with invasive hemodynamic monitoring.

B. Gonik, D. Cotton, W. Lee, 1987, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

Third-trimester growth diversity in small fetuses classified as AGA or SGA at birth.

F. Malone, R. Deter, P. Dicker, 2021, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Fetal cardiac dysfunction in preterm premature rupture of membranes.

F. Ghezzi, R. Romero, M. Treadwell, 2004, The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.

ISUOG Practice Guidelines: ultrasound assessment of fetal biometry and growth

A. Papageorghiou, L. Salomon, Z. Alfirevic, 2019, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Practice Guidelines

F Prefumo, K. Kalache, C. Lees, 2013 .

The significance of ultrasonographically diagnosed fetal wrist position anomalies.

C. Comstock, R. Smith, J. Kirk, 1996, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

The prevalence and clinical significance of amniotic fluid ‘sludge’ in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes

R. Romero, S. Hassan, T. Chaiworapongsa, 2005, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Three‐dimensional ultrasound fetal lung volume measurement: a systematic study comparing the multiplanar method with the rotational (VOCAL) technique

T. Chaiworapongsa, J. Espinoza, R. Romero, 2003, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Prenatal diagnosis of adrenal hemorrhage by ultrasonography

C. Comstock, W. Lee, S. Jurcak-Zaleski, 1992, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Three‐dimensional ultrasound imaging of the fetal skull and face

E Merz, K. Baba, J. Deng, 2017, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

ISUOG Practice Guidelines: performance of fetal magnetic resonance imaging

N. Raine-Fenning, D. Prayer, P. Brugger, 2017, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of fetal magnetic resonance imaging

N. Raine-Fenning, D. Prayer, G. Kasprian, 2023, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Effect of a low‐lying placenta on delivery outcome

C. Comstock, S. Blackwell, M. Balasubramaniam, 2009, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Quantification of liver herniation in fetuses with isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia using two‐dimensional ultrasonography

M. Belfort, C. Cassady, R. Ruano, 2015, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

OC34: Lung volume measurements by 3D ultrasound are not superior to biometry by 2D ultrasound to predict pulmonary hypoplasia in fetuses with musculoskeletal disorders

O. Erez, R. Romero, W. Lee, 2006 .

Longitudinal assessment of lung area measurements by two‐dimensional ultrasound in fetuses with isolated left‐sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia

M. Belfort, R. Deter, W. Lee, 2015, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Fetal cleft lip and palate detection by three‐dimensional ultrasonography

C. Comstock, R. Romero, J. Kirk, 2000, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Fetal echocardiography: z‐score reference ranges for a large patient population

C. Comstock, R. Bronsteen, V. Amula, 2010, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Prenatal diagnosis of membranous ventricular septal aneurysms and their association with absence of atrioventricular valve ‘offsetting’

K. Kalache, M. Treadwell, T. Chaiworapongsa, 2004, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): sonographic screening examination of the fetal heart

D Paladini, B. Tutschek, R. Chaoui, 2013, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Three‐ and four‐dimensional reconstruction of the aortic and ductal arches using inversion mode: a new rendering algorithm for visualization of fluid‐filled anatomical structures

J. Espinoza, R. Romero, W Lee, 2004, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Pulmonary-to-aorta diameter ratio in the normal and abnormal fetal heart.

C. Comstock, J. Kirk, W. Lee, 1991, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

3D imaging of the fetal face – Recommendations from the International 3D Focus Group

K. Baba, J. Deng, D. Pretorius, 2012, Ultraschall in der Medizin.

ISUOG consensus statement: what constitutes a fetal echocardiogram?

D Paladini, T. Nelson, R. Chaoui, 2008, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Birthweight prediction by three‐dimensional ultrasonographic volumes of the fetal thigh and abdomen.

C. Comstock, Wesley Lee, P. Bendick, 1997, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

New fetal weight estimation models using fractional limb volume

R. Deter, S. Hassan, M. Balasubramaniam, 2009, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Fractional limb volume – a soft tissue parameter of fetal body composition: validation, technical considerations and normal ranges during pregnancy

R. Deter, S. Hassan, M. Balasubramaniam, 2009, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Fetal growth parameters and birth weight: their relationship to neonatal body composition

R. Deter, S. Hassan, M. Balasubramaniam, 2009, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Individualized growth assessment of fetal soft tissue using fractional thigh volume

R. Deter, T. Chaiworapongsa, J. Espinoza, 2004, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

The use of second‐trimester transvaginal sonography to predict placenta previa

C. Comstock, W. Lee, M. Lauria, 1996, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Second‐trimester growth velocities in twin and singleton pregnancies

R. Deter, M. Gandhi, L. Mack, 2022, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Quantitative and morphological assessment of early gestational sacs using three‐dimensional ultrasonography

R. Deter, M. Balasubramaniam, J. Espinoza, 2006, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Birth weight prediction by three‐dimensional ultrasonography: fractional limb volume.

R. Deter, R. Romero, Wesley Lee, 2001, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

3 D imaging of the fetal face – Recommendations from the International 3 D Focus Group

K. Baba, J. Deng, H. Blaas, 2012 .

Prospective validation of fetal weight estimation using fractional limb volume

R. Deter, W. Lee, R. Romero, 2013, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

The use of inversion mode and 3D manual segmentation in volume measurement of fetal fluid‐filled structures: comparison with Virtual Organ Computer‐aided AnaLysis (VOCAL™)

M. Balasubramaniam, O. Erez, J. Espinoza, 2008, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

How do we do it? Practical advice on imaging‐based techniques and investigations

J. Espinoza, R. Romero, W. Lee, 2006 .

ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): fetal cardiac screening

J. Rychik, B. Tutschek, B. Cuneo, 2023, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Comparison of cardiac Z‐score with cardiac asymmetry for prenatal screening of congenital heart disease

C. Comstock, Wesley Lee, T. Riggs, 2011, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Magnetic resonance diffusion‐weighted imaging: reproducibility of regional apparent diffusion coefficients for the normal fetal brain

R. Romero, W. Lee, L. Gonçalves, 2013, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Longitudinal evaluation of motor function in patients who underwent prenatal or postnatal neural tube defect repair

W. Whitehead, M. Belfort, A. Shamshirsaz, 2020, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Four‐chamber view and ‘swing technique’ (FAST) echo: a novel and simple algorithm to visualize standard fetal echocardiographic planes

S. Hassan, R. Romero, L. Yeo, 2011, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Standardized views of the fetal heart using four‐dimensional sonographic and tomographic imaging

S. Hassan, J. Espinoza, F. Gotsch, 2008, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Examination of the fetal heart by four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound with spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC).

J. Espinoza, L. Gonçalves, R. Romero, 2006, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

The ‘starfish’ sign: a novel sonographic finding with B‐flow imaging and spatiotemporal image correlation in a fetus with total anomalous pulmonary venous return

J. Espinoza, R. Romero, L. Yeo, 2010, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

A novel method to improve prenatal diagnosis of abnormal systemic venous connections using three‐ and four‐dimensional ultrasonography and ‘inversion mode’

R. Romero, J. Espinoza, L. Gonçalves, 2005, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

OC182: Four‐dimensional fetal echocardiography with Spatio Temporal Image Correlation (STIC™): a systematic study of standard cardiac views assessed by different observers

T. Chaiworapongsa, J. Espinoza, L. Gonçalves, 2005, The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.

Time‐domain ultrasonography during pregnancy.

C. Comstock, P. Bendick, W. Lee, 1994, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

Should the frontal bone be visualized in midline sagittal views of the facial profile to assess the fetal nasal bones during the first trimester?

J. Espinoza, R. Romero, W. Lee, 2005, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Clinical management of gravid women with peripartum cardiomyopathy.

W. Lee, 1991, Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America.

Three‐dimensional reconstructed fetal lung using VOCAL

R. Romero, T. Chaiworapongsa, J. Espinoza, 2003, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Fetoscopic laser ablation of vasa previa in pregnancy complicated by giant fetal cervical lymphatic malformation

J. Espinoza, R. Ruano, B. Salmanian, 2015, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Individualized growth assessment of fetal thigh circumference using three‐dimensional ultrasonography

R. Deter, J. Espinoza, L. Gonçalves, 2008, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): sonographic screening examination of the fetal heart

B. Tutschek, R. Chaoui, K. Hecher, 2013, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

OC144: Clinical significance of the presence of amniotic fluid ‘sludge’ in patients with cervical cerclage

O. Erez, F. Gotsch, J. Kusanovic, 2007 .

Transverse cerebellar diameter: a useful predictor of gestational age for fetuses with asymmetric growth retardation.

C. Comstock, D. Batton, J. Kirk, 1991, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.