Comparative efficacy of hand hygiene agents in the reduction of bacteria and viruses

[1]  H. Eggers,et al.  An experimental study on the epidemiology of enteroviruses: water and soap washing of poliovirus 1 — contaminated hands, its effectiveness and kinetics , 2005, Medical Microbiology and Immunology.

[2]  W. Rutala,et al.  The effects of test variables on the efficacy of hand hygiene agents. , 2004, American journal of infection control.

[3]  Joseph S. Bresee,et al.  Cluster of SARS among Medical Students Exposed to Single Patient, Hong Kong , 2004, Emerging infectious diseases.

[4]  M. Sobsey,et al.  Reduction of Norwalk Virus, Poliovirus 1, and Bacteriophage MS2 by Ozone Disinfection of Water , 2003, Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

[5]  L. Mody,et al.  Introduction of a Waterless Alcohol-Based Hand Rub in a Long-Term–Care Facility , 2003, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[6]  S. Hugonnet,et al.  Comparison of Waterless Hand Antisepsis Agents at Short Application Times: Raising the Flag of Concern , 2003, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[7]  L. McDonald Hand Hygiene in the New Millennium: Drawing the Distinction Between Efficacy and Effectiveness , 2003, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[8]  J. Burke,et al.  Infection control - a problem for patient safety. , 2003, The New England journal of medicine.

[9]  Didier Pittet,et al.  Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC / SHEA / APIC / IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force , 2002 .

[10]  Didier Pittet,et al.  Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HIPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. , 2002, American journal of infection control.

[11]  S. Aho,et al.  Alcohol-based hand gels and hand hygiene in hospitals , 2002, The Lancet.

[12]  M. Widdowson,et al.  An Outbreak of Diarrhea in a Neonatal Medium Care Unit Caused by a Novel Strain of Rotavirus: Investigation Using Both Epidemiologic and Microbiological Methods , 2002, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[13]  Didier Pittet,et al.  Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America/Association for Professionals in Infection Control/Infectious Dis , 2002, MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports.

[14]  S. Sattar,et al.  Hygienic hand antiseptics: Should they not have activity and label claims against viruses?* , 2002, American Journal of Infection Control.

[15]  R. Maserati,et al.  Assessment of handwashing practices with chemical and microbiologic methods: preliminary results from a prospective crossover study. , 2002, American journal of infection control.

[16]  R. Slinger,et al.  Nosocomial Influenza at a Canadian Pediatric Hospital From 1995 to 1999: Opportunities for Prevention , 2002, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[17]  R. Smithson,et al.  Rapid response and strict control measures can contain a hospital outbreak of Norwalk-like virus. , 2002, Communicable disease and public health.

[18]  H. Wassill,et al.  Chapter 9: Nosocomial Virus Infections of the Eye , 2002 .

[19]  G. Ippolito,et al.  A Nosocomial and Occupational Cluster of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in a Pediatric Ward , 2002, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[20]  M. Lyons,et al.  The impact of alcohol hand sanitizer use on infection rates in an extended care facility. , 2002, American journal of infection control.

[21]  C. Bose,et al.  Nosocomial Respiratory Syncytial Virus: A Threat in the Modern Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , 2002, Journal of Perinatology.

[22]  Stéphane Hugonnet,et al.  Alcohol-based handrub improves compliance with hand hygiene in intensive care units. , 2002, Archives of internal medicine.

[23]  Didier Pittet,et al.  Limited efficacy of alcohol-based hand gels , 2002, The Lancet.

[24]  H. Rüden,et al.  How Many Nosocomial Infections are Associated with Cross-Transmission? A Prospective Cohort Study in A Surgical Intensive Care Unit , 2002, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[25]  K. Hedlund,et al.  Epidemiological Investigation of a Food-borne Gastroenteritis Outbreak Caused by Norwalk-like Virus in 30 Day-care Centres , 2002, Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases.

[26]  H. Wassill,et al.  Nosocomial virus infections of the eye. , 2002, Developments in ophthalmology.

[27]  E. Larson,et al.  Assessment of two hand hygiene regimens for intensive care unit personnel , 2001, Critical care medicine.

[28]  Didier Pittet,et al.  Hand hygiene and patient care: pursuing the Semmelweis legacy , 2001 .

[29]  S. Hugonnet,et al.  Effectiveness of a hospital-wide programme to improve compliance with hand hygiene , 2000, The Lancet.

[30]  S. Sattar,et al.  Activity of an Alcohol-Based Hand Gel Against Human Adeno-, Rhino-, and Rotaviruses Using the Fingerpad Method , 2000, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[31]  D. Pittet,et al.  Improving Compliance With Hand Hygiene in Hospitals , 2000, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[32]  R. Wenzel,et al.  Handwashing compliance by health care workers: The impact of introducing an accessible, alcohol-based hand antiseptic. , 2000, Archives of internal medicine.

[33]  R. Douglas,et al.  Effect of Infection Control Measures on the Frequency of Diarrheal Episodes in Child Care: A Randomized, Controlled Trial , 2000, Pediatrics.

[34]  Elaine L. Larson,et al.  An Organizational Climate Intervention Associated With Increased Handwashing and Decreased Nosocomial Infections , 2000, Behavioral medicine.

[35]  J. Bayas,et al.  Handwashing with soap or alcoholic solutions? A randomized clinical trial of its effectiveness. , 1999, American journal of infection control.

[36]  Philippe Mourouga,et al.  Compliance with Handwashing in a Teaching Hospital , 1999, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[37]  M. Rotter Handwashing and hand disinfection , 1999 .

[38]  E. Larson,et al.  Behavioral interventions to improve infection control practices. , 1998, American journal of infection control.

[39]  H. Rüden,et al.  Limited effectiveness of chlorhexidine based hand disinfectants against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). , 1998, The Journal of hospital infection.

[40]  J. P. Niffenegger Proper handwashing promotes wellness in child care. , 1997, Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners.

[41]  V. Arankalle,et al.  Hepatitis A in day care centre , 1996, Indian journal of pediatrics.

[42]  A. Samadi,et al.  Hand washing with soap reduces diarrhoea and spread of bacterial pathogens in a Bangladesh village. , 1996, Journal of diarrhoeal diseases research.

[43]  J. Faoagali,et al.  Comparison of the immediate, residual, and cumulative antibacterial effects of Novaderm R,* Novascrub R,* Betadine Surgical Scrub, Hibiclens, and liquid soap. , 1995, American journal of infection control.

[44]  L. Peterson,et al.  Recovery of vancomycin-resistant enterococci on fingertips and environmental surfaces. , 1995 .

[45]  J. Gerberding,et al.  Effect of testing method on apparent activities of antiviral disinfectants and antiseptics , 1995, Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy.

[46]  S. Sattar,et al.  Comparative in vivo efficiencies of hand-washing agents against hepatitis A virus (HM-175) and poliovirus type 1 (Sabin) , 1993, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[47]  G. Ayliffe,et al.  Preliminary study of test methods to assess the virucidal activity of skin disinfectants using poliovirus and bacteriophages. , 1993, The Journal of hospital infection.

[48]  Y. Asano,et al.  The antiseptic effect of a quick drying rubbing type povidone-iodine alcoholic disinfectant solution. , 1993, Postgraduate medical journal.

[49]  B. Doebbeling,et al.  Comparative efficacy of alternative hand-washing agents in reducing nosocomial infections in intensive care units. , 1992, The New England journal of medicine.

[50]  J. M. Wilson,et al.  Hand-washing reduces diarrhoea episodes: a study in Lombok, Indonesia. , 1991, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

[51]  R. Hudson,et al.  The use of bacteriophage MS2 as a model system to evaluate virucidal hand disinfectants. , 1991, The Journal of hospital infection.

[52]  L. Benson,et al.  Importance of Neutralizes in the Stripping Fluid in a Simulated Healthcare Personnel Handwash , 1990, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[53]  H. Eggers Experiments on antiviral activity of hand disinfectants. Some theoretical and practical considerations. , 1990, Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie : international journal of medical microbiology.

[54]  M Graham,et al.  Frequency and duration of handwashing in an intensive care unit. , 1990, American journal of infection control.

[55]  E. Larson,et al.  Alcohol-impregnated wipes as an alternative in hand hygiene. , 1990, American journal of infection control.

[56]  G. Wells,et al.  In vivo protocol for testing efficacy of hand-washing agents against viruses and bacteria: experiments with rotavirus and Escherichia coli , 1989, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[57]  G. Ayliffe,et al.  Hand disinfection: a comparison of various agents in laboratory and ward studies. , 1988, The Journal of hospital infection.

[58]  S. Hadler,et al.  Nosocomial Viral Infections , 1988 .

[59]  E. Larson,et al.  Comparison of four antiseptic products containing chlorhexidine gluconate , 1987, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[60]  P. Eke,et al.  Efficacy of alcohol-based hand rinses under frequent-use conditions , 1986, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[61]  C. Bartzokas,et al.  A comparison of triclosan and chlorhexidine preparations with 60 per cent isopropyl alcohol for hygienic hand disinfection. , 1983, The Journal of hospital infection.

[62]  H. Eggers,et al.  Antiviral activity of an alcoholic hand disinfectant. Comparison of the in vitro suspension test with in vivo experiments on hands, and on individual fingertips. , 1983, Antiviral research.

[63]  S. Block,et al.  Disinfection, sterilization and preservation. 3rd edition. , 1983 .

[64]  S. Nuland,et al.  The etiology, the concept and the prophylaxis of childbed fever , 1981 .

[65]  R. Douglas,et al.  Nosocomial Viral Infections: I. Epidemiology and Significance , 1980, Infection Control.

[66]  H. Maibach,et al.  Comparative study on the antimicrobial effect of 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% isopropyl alcohol on the normal flora of hands , 1979, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[67]  G. Ayliffe,et al.  A test for 'hygienic' hand disinfection. , 1978, Journal of clinical pathology.

[68]  E. Plein Disinfection, Sterilization and Preservation , 1977 .

[69]  A. F. Peterson,et al.  Safety and efficacy of the antiseptic chlorhexidine gluconate. , 1976, Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics.