Aseismic base isolation: review and bibliography

Abstract The idea that a building can be uncoupled from the damaging effects of the ground movement produced by a strong earthquake has appealed to inventors and engineers for more than a century. Many ingenious devices have been proposed to achieve this result, but very few have been tried and the concept now generally referred to as base isolation or seismic isolation has yet to become acceptable to the engineering profession as a whole. Although most of the proposed systems are unacceptably complicated, in recent years a few practical systems have emerged and have been implemented. While some of these systems have been tested on large-scale shaking tables, none has to date been tested as built by a strong earth tremor. The shake testing and related static testing of full-scale components such as isolation bearings, however, has led to a certain degree of acceptance by the profession and it is possible that the number of practical implementations of base isolation will increase quite dramatically in the next few years. This review summarizes much of the literature on theoretical aspects of seismic isolation, describes testing programmes and enumerates those isolation systems which have been used in buildings completed or under construction. It describes the characteristics of the various implemented systems with an indication of their range of applicability and some assessment of their development as backed by research. A bibliography of all papers published on the topic from 1900 to 1984 is included. The bibliography is as complete as possible, but, due to the rapid increase in research interest in the topic in the past few years, there may be a substantial degree of omission in the later years.