Some Effects of Weak Magnetic Fields on Biological Systems: RF fields can change radical concentrations and cancer cell growth rates

Concerns have been raised about the possible biological effects of nonionizing radiation since at least the late 1950s with respect to radar, other radio, and microwave sources. More recent concerns have arisen about the potential effects of low-intensity fields, including lowfrequency fields from the electric power generating, transmission, and distribution system and the devices it energizes, as well as intermediate, radio-frequency (RF), and higher-frequency radiation from devices such as cell phones, broadcast antennas, Wi-Fi, security monitors, and so forth. These are concerns about the direct effects of radiation on humans or other organisms. They are distinct from the electromagnetic compatibility issues that concern interference by the fields from one device with the function of another, though human health can be indirectly affected by electromagnetic interference with the function of medical devices, including hospital equipment or pacemakers.

[1]  Molecular Beams , 1938, Nature.

[2]  R. Kaptein,et al.  Chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization in five alkyl radicals , 1968 .

[3]  R. Kaptein,et al.  Chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (CIDNP) VII. Photoreactions of aliphatic ketones , 1971 .

[4]  J. Bargon,et al.  Chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization at zero magnetic field , 1971 .

[5]  N. Wertheimer,et al.  Electrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer. , 1979, American journal of epidemiology.

[6]  Ipcs,et al.  Extremely low frequency (ELF) fields , 1984 .

[7]  Thomas Ulrich,et al.  Magnetic field effects in chemical kinetics and related phenomena , 1989 .

[8]  Lynn W. Jelinski,et al.  Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. , 1990, Analytical chemistry.

[9]  L W Jelinski,et al.  Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. , 1995, Academic radiology.

[10]  K. A. McLauchlan,et al.  TIME-RESOLVED AND MODULATION METHODS IN THE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC-FIELDS ON THE YIELDS OF FREE-RADICAL REACTIONS , 1993 .

[11]  C. Grissom.  Magnetic Field Effects in Biology: A Survey of Possible Mechanisms with Emphasis on Radical-Pair Recombination , 1995 .

[12]  K. Mclauchlan,et al.  Free radical mechanism for the effects of environmental electromagnetic fields on biological systems. , 1996, International journal of radiation biology.

[13]  J. Kourie,et al.  Interaction of reactive oxygen species with ion transport mechanisms. , 1998, American journal of physiology. Cell physiology.

[14]  A. Buchachenko.  Magnetic Isotope Effect: Nuclear Spin Control of Chemical Reactions , 2001 .

[15]  C. Timmel,et al.  Radio frequency magnetic field effects on electron-hole recombination. , 2001, Physical review letters.

[16]  W. Dröge.  Free radicals in the physiological control of cell function. , 2002, Physiological reviews.

[17]  Piotr Politanski,et al.  The effect of weak 50 Hz magnetic fields on the number of free oxygen radicals in rat lymphocytes in vitro , 2004, Bioelectromagnetics.

[18]  Thorsten Ritz,et al.  Zeeman resonances for radical-pair reactions in weak static magnetic fields , 2006 .

[19]  Kannan Krishnan,et al.  Environmental health criteria 237 , 2006 .

[20]  Christiane R Timmel,et al.  Determination of radical re-encounter probability distributions from magnetic field effects on reaction yields. , 2007, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[21]  Elisabeth Cardis,et al.  Brain tumour risk in relation to mobile telephone use: results of the INTERPHONE international case-control study. , 2010, International journal of epidemiology.

[22]  A. Zuckerman,et al.  IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans , 1995, IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans.

[23]  Mark Hernandez,et al.  Reduction of the earth's magnetic field inhibits growth rates of model cancer cell lines , 2010, Bioelectromagnetics.

[24]  Martin B. Plenio,et al.  Quantum limits for the magnetic sensitivity of a chemical compass , 2012 .

[25]  Frank S. Prato,et al.  Magnetoreception in laboratory mice: sensitivity to extremely low-frequency fields exceeds 33 nT at 30 Hz , 2013, Journal of The Royal Society Interface.

[26]  Ayhan Akbal,et al.  Investigation of antibacterial effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phones , 2013 .

[27]  D. Singel,et al.  Spin Biochemistry Modulates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production by Radio Frequency Magnetic Fields , 2014, PloS one.

[28]  Frank S. Barnes,et al.  Inhibition of cellular proliferation and enhancement of hydrogen peroxide production in fibrosarcoma cell line by weak radio frequency magnetic fields. , 2014, Bioelectromagnetics.

[29]  Dmitry A. Kuznetsov,et al.  Magnetic Control of Enzymatic Phosphorylation , 2014 .

[30]  M. Röösli.  Epidemiology of Electromagnetic Fields , 2014 .

[31]  Ben Greenebaum,et al.  The effects of weak magnetic fields on radical pairs , 2015, Bioelectromagnetics.

[32]  Erik Ostermann.  Signal Transduction By Reactive Oxygen And Nitrogen Species Pathways And Chemical Principles , 2016 .

[33]  Frank S. Barnes,et al.  Environmental and Occupationally Encountered Electromagnetic Fields , 2018 .