0.4-V Bulk-Driven Operational Amplifier with Improved Input Stage

A new solution for an ultra-low-voltage, low-power, bulk-driven operational amplifier is presented in the paper. The amplifier is based on a new input stage, exploiting the concept of partial positive feedback. As compared with prior work, the proposed input stage offers improvement of all basic performance metrics, including such important parameters as input-referred noise and offset voltage. In order to improve the DC voltage gain of the overall op-amp, a novel solution for an ultra-low-voltage, high-input-resistance common-mode amplifier has also been proposed. Simulated performance of the overall operational amplifier for a 50 nm CMOS process and supply voltage of 0.4 V shows power dissipation of 24 $$\upmu $$μW, the open-loop voltage gain of 60dB, and the gain-bandwidth product of 2.18 MHz for 20 pF load capacitance.

[1]  Xuguang Zhang,et al.  A Novel CMOS OTA Based on Body-Driven MOSFETs and its Applications in OTA-C Filters , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[2]  George Raikos,et al.  0.5-V bulk-driven differential amplifier , 2013, Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl..

[3]  Tomasz Kulej,et al.  0.5-V bulk-driven CMOS operational amplifier , 2013, IET Circuits Devices Syst..

[4]  George Raikos,et al.  0.8 V bulk-driven operational amplifier , 2010 .

[5]  J. Francisco Duque-Carrillo,et al.  Transconductance enhancement in bulk-driven input stages and its applications , 2011 .

[6]  Dalibor Biolek,et al.  Bulk-Driven Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier , 2011, Circuits Syst. Signal Process..

[7]  Tomasz Kulej.  0.5-V bulk-driven OTA and its applications , 2015, Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl..

[8]  George Azzopardi,et al.  A Low Voltage Wide-Input-Range Bulk-Input CMOS OTA , 2005 .

[9]  Guido Torelli,et al.  A Family of Low-Voltage Bulk-Driven CMOS Continuous-Time CMFB Circuits , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[10]  Guido Torelli,et al.  1-V Rail-to-Rail CMOS OpAmp With Improved Bulk-Driven Input Stage , 2007, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[11]  Syed Kamrul Islam,et al.  Low-Voltage Bulk-Driven Operational Amplifier With Improved Transconductance , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[12]  Fabian Khateb,et al.  Low-voltage bulk-driven rectifier for biomedical applications , 2013, Microelectron. J..

[13]  Gabriel A. Rincon-Mora,et al.  Designing 1-V op amps using standard digital CMOS technology , 1998 .

[14]  R. Jacob Baker,et al.  CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation , 1997 .

[15]  George Raikos,et al.  Low‐voltage bulk‐driven input stage with improved transconductance , 2011, Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl..

[16]  Costas Psychalinos,et al.  Differential Difference Current Conveyor Using Bulk-Driven Technique for Ultra-Low-Voltage Applications , 2014, Circuits Syst. Signal Process..

[17]  Alessandro Trifiletti,et al.  0.9-V CMOS cascode amplifier with body-driven gain boosting , 2009 .

[18]  Fabian Khateb,et al.  Novel low-voltage low-power high-precision CCII± based on bulk-driven folded cascode OTA , 2011, Microelectron. J..

[19]  Fabian Khateb,et al.  A Survey of Non-conventional Techniques for Low-voltage Low-power Analog Circuit Design , 2013 .

[20]  Michael Trakimas,et al.  A 0.5 V bulk-input OTA with improved common-mode feedback for low-frequency filtering applications , 2009 .

[21]  P. Kinget,et al.  0.5-V analog circuit techniques and their application in OTA and filter design , 2005, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[22]  Izzet Kale,et al.  CMOS buffer using complementary pair of bulk-driven super source followers , 2009 .

[23]  Izzet Kale,et al.  Bulk-driven DC level shifter , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Symposium of Circuits and Systems (ISCAS).

[24]  Ramón González Carvajal,et al.  The flipped voltage follower: a useful cell for low-voltage low-power circuit design , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[25]  G. Scotti,et al.  Exploiting the Body of MOS Devices for High Performance Analog Design , 2011, IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine.

[26]  T. Kulej.  Low-Voltage CMOS Transconductance Amplifier Controlled from Body Terminals , 1999 .

[27]  Guido Torelli,et al.  On the input common-mode voltage range of CMOS bulk-driven input stages , 2011, Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl..

[28]  Edgar Sanchez-Sinencio,et al.  INVITED PAPER Special Section on Analog Circuits and Related Topics Low Voltage Analog Circuit Design Techniques: A Tutorial , 2000 .