QTL analysis of tolerance to a German strain of BYDV-PAV in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Abstract  One hundred and forty six barley doubled-haploid lines (DH lines) were tested for variation in grain yield, yield components, plant height, and heading date after artificial infection with a German isolate of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV-Braunschweig). Of these 146 lines 76 were derived from the cross of the barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) tolerant cultivar ’Post’ to cv ’Vixen’ (Ryd2) and 70 from the cross of Post to cv ’Nixe’. Phenotypic measurements were gathered on both non-infected plants and plants artificially inoculated with BYDV-PAV by viruliferous aphids in pot and field experiments for three years at two locations. For all traits a continuous variation was observed suggesting a quantitative mode of inheritance for tolerance against BYDV-PAV. Using skeleton maps constructed using SSRs, AFLPs and RAPDs, two QTLs for relative grain yield per plant after BYDV infection, explaining about 47% of the phenotypic variance, were identified in Post × Vixen at the telomeric region of chromosome 2HL and at a region containing the Ryd2 gene on chromosome 3HL. In Post × Nixe, a QTL was found in exactly the same chromosome 2HL marker interval. In this cross, additional QTL were mapped on chromosomes 7H and 4H and together these explained about 40% of the phenotypic variance. QTL for effects of BYDV infection on yield components, plant height, and heading date generally mapped to the same marker intervals, or in the vicinity of the QTL for relative grain yield, on chromosomes 2HL and 3HL, suggesting that these regions are of special importance for tolerance to the Braunschweig isolate of BYDV-PAV. Possible applications of marker-assisted selection for BYDV tolerance based on these results are discussed.

[1]  H. Leung,et al.  Mapping quantitative and qualitative disease resistance genes in a doubled haploid population of barley (Hordeum vulgare) , 2000, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[2]  C. Glass,et al.  Localization of QTLs for tolerance to Cercospora beticola on sugar beet linkage groups , 1999, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[3]  W. Powell,et al.  Introgression of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) determining stripe rust resistance in barley: an example of marker-assisted line development , 1998, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[4]  W. Friedt,et al.  Recombination: Molecular Markers for Resistance Genes in Major Grain Crops , 1998 .

[5]  Kevin P. Smith,et al.  Quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to Fusarium head blight and kernel discoloration in barley , 1999, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[6]  A. Melchinger,et al.  Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping using different testers and independent population samples in maize reveals low power of QTL detection and large bias in estimates of QTL effects. , 1998, Genetics.

[7]  J. Doyle,et al.  Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue , 1990 .

[8]  J. Glaszmann,et al.  Genetic mapping of maize streak virus resistance from the Mascarene source. I. Resistance in line D211 and stability against different virus clones , 1999, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[9]  A. Graner,et al.  Molecular mapping of novel resistance genes against Barley Mild Mosaic Virus (BaMMV) , 1997, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[10]  J. Glaszmann,et al.  Genetic mapping of maize streak virus resistance from the Mascarene source. II. Resistance in line CIRAD390 and stability across germplasm , 1999, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[11]  S. Kaeppler,et al.  Loci Controlling Resistance to High Plains Virus and Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus in a B73 × Mo17 Population of Maize , 1999 .

[12]  W. Powell,et al.  Direct comparison of levels of genetic variation among barley accessions detected by RFLPs, AFLPs, SSRs and RAPDs , 1997, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[13]  R. Niks,et al.  Identification of QTLs for partial resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) in barley , 1998, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[14]  A. Graner,et al.  Molecular mapping and genetic fine-structure of the rym5 locus encoding resistance to different strains of the Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus Complex , 1999, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[15]  L. Domier,et al.  Identification of quantitative Loci for tolerance to barley yellow dwarf virus in oat. , 1998, Phytopathology.

[16]  M. Daly,et al.  MAPMAKER: an interactive computer package for constructing primary genetic linkage maps of experimental and natural populations. , 1987, Genomics.

[17]  D. Rasmusson,et al.  The Inheritance of Resistance in Barley to the Yellow-Dwarf Virus1 , 1959 .

[18]  P. A. Burnett,et al.  Relationships between Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Titer and Symptom Expression in Barley , 1993 .

[19]  W. F. Rochow Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus: Phenotypic Mixing and Vector Specificity , 1970, Science.

[20]  A. Graner,et al.  Marker-based selection for the ym4 BaMMV-resistance gene in barley using RAPDs , 1995 .

[21]  B. Gill,et al.  Molecular cytogenetic analysis of Agropyron chromatin specifying resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus in wheat. , 1996, Genome.

[22]  B. Chalhoub,et al.  Partial resistance in the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar 'Chikurin Ibaraki 1' to two PAV-like isolates of barley yellow-dwarf virus: allelic variability at the Yd2 gene locus. , 1995 .

[23]  A. Jones,et al.  Inheritance and effectiveness of genes in Barley that condition tolerance to Barley yellow dwarf virus. , 1970 .

[24]  W. Friedt,et al.  First results on BYDV-tolerance in barley estimated in pot experiments. , 2000 .

[25]  P. Hayes,et al.  Multiple disease resistance loci and their relationship to agronomic and quality loci in a spring barley population. , 1996 .

[26]  R. Habgood,et al.  Field assessment of the effectiveness of a barley yellow dwarf virus resistance gene following its transference from spring to winter barley. , 1986 .

[27]  S. Moharramipour,et al.  Mapping resistance to cereal aphids in barley , 1997, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[28]  J. Oswald,et al.  A new virus disease of cereals, transmissible by aphids. , 1951 .

[29]  C. Pringle,et al.  Virus Taxonomy – San Diego 1998 , 1998, Archives of Virology.

[30]  G. Shaner,et al.  Virus content as an index of symptomatic resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus in cereals. , 1985 .

[31]  A. Melchinger,et al.  PLABQTL: a program for composite interval mapping of QTL. , 1996 .

[32]  R. Symons,et al.  Development of YLM, a codominant PCR marker closely linked to the Yd2 gene for resistance to barley yellow dwarf disease , 1998, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[33]  R. Singh,et al.  Bdv1: a gene for tolerance to barley yellow dwarf virus in bread wheats. , 1993 .

[34]  L. Cattivelli,et al.  The Yd2 gene and enhanced resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) in winter barley , 1995 .

[35]  R. Appels,et al.  Disomic Thinopyrum intermedium addition lines in wheat with barley yellow dwarf virus resistance and with rust resistances. , 1995, Genome.

[36]  A. Melchinger,et al.  Quantitative trait Loci mapping of resistance to sugarcane mosaic virus in maize. , 1999, Phytopathology.

[37]  P. Vos,et al.  AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. , 1995, Nucleic acids research.