Characterization of Time Delay in Power Hardware in the Loop Setups

The testing of complex power components by means of power hardware in the loop (PHIL) requires accurate and stable PHIL platforms. The total time delay typically present within these platforms is commonly acknowledged to be an important factor to be considered due to its impact on accuracy and stability. However, a thorough assessment of the total loop delay in PHIL platforms has not been performed in the literature. Therefore, time delay is typically accounted for as a constant parameter. However, with the detailed analysis of the total loop delay performed in this article, variability in time delay has been detected as a result of the interaction between discrete components. Furthermore, a time delay characterization methodology (which includes variability in time delay) has been proposed. This will allow for performing stability analysis with higher precision as well as to perform accurate compensation of these delays. The implications on stability and accuracy that the time delay variability can introduce in PHIL simulations has also been studied. Finally, with an experimental validation procedure, the presence of the variability and the effectiveness of the proposed characterization approach have been demonstrated.

[1]  James R. McDonald,et al.  Architecture of a Network-in-the-Loop Environment for Characterizing AC Power-System Behavior , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[2]  A. M. Gole,et al.  Compensating for Interface Equipment Limitations to Improve Simulation Accuracy of Real-Time Power Hardware In Loop Simulation , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[3]  Felix Lehfuss,et al.  The Limitations of Digital Simulation and the Advantages of PHIL Testing in Studying Distributed Generation Provision of Ancillary Services , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[4]  G. M. Burt,et al.  Harmonic-by-harmonic time delay compensation method for PHIL simulation of low impedance power systems , 2015, 2015 International Symposium on Smart Electric Distribution Systems and Technologies (EDST).

[5]  Murali Baggu,et al.  Modeling and compensation design for a power hardware-in-the-loop simulation of an AC distribution system , 2016, 2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS).

[6]  Dan Wang,et al.  A 400-V/50-kVA Digital–Physical Hybrid Real-Time Simulation Platform for Power Systems , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[7]  G. Narayanan,et al.  Improved Accuracy, Modeling, and Stability Analysis of Power-Hardware-in-Loop Simulation With Open-Loop Inverter as Power Amplifier , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[8]  Karl Schoder,et al.  Role of Power Hardware in the Loop in Modeling and Simulation for Experimentation in Power and Energy Systems , 2015, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[9]  Felix Lehfuss,et al.  Comparison of multiple power amplification types for power Hardware-in-the-Loop applications , 2012, 2012 Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG). Proceedings.

[10]  Milan Prodanovic,et al.  Real-Time Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop Implementation of Variable-Speed Wind Turbines , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[11]  Vahan Gevorgian,et al.  Multi-megawatt-scale fower-hardware-in-the-loop interface for testing ancillary grid services by converter-coupled generation , 2017, 2017 IEEE 18th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL).

[12]  Leon M. Tolbert,et al.  Development of a hybrid emulation platform based on RTDS and reconfigurable power converter-based testbed , 2016, 2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC).

[13]  G. Ledwich,et al.  Power Network in Loop: A Paradigm for Real-Time Simulation and Hardware Testing , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[14]  M. Steurer,et al.  Applying Controller and Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation in Designing and Prototyping Apparatuses for Future All Electric Ship , 2007, 2007 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium.

[15]  C Dufour,et al.  Interfacing Issues in Real-Time Digital Simulators , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[16]  Olivier Tremblay,et al.  A Multi-Time-Step Transmission Line Interface for Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulators , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[17]  Kai Strunz,et al.  Multirate Partitioning Interface for Enhanced Stability of Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Real-Time Simulation , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[18]  C. S. Edrington,et al.  Improved power hardware in the loop interface methods via impedance matching , 2013, 2013 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium (ESTS).

[19]  N. Hatziargyriou,et al.  Design, development and operation of a PHIL environment for Distributed Energy Resources , 2012, IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[20]  Salvatore D'Arco,et al.  Comparing the Dynamic Performances of Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Interfaces , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[21]  Alexander Viehweider,et al.  Power hardware in the loop simulation with feedback current filtering for electric systems , 2011, IECON 2011 - 37th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[22]  Olivier Tremblay,et al.  Contribution to stability analysis of power hardware-in-the-loop simulators , 2017 .

[23]  Wei Ren,et al.  Accuracy Evalaution of Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL) Simulation , 2007 .

[24]  Karl Schoder,et al.  Characteristics and Design of Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulations for Electrical Power Systems , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[25]  Victor Cardenas,et al.  Digital Control in Power Electronics , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Power Electronics Congress.

[26]  Kai Strunz,et al.  A Benchmark System for Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of Distributed Energy Resources , 2018, IEEE Power and Energy Technology Systems Journal.

[27]  Antonello Monti,et al.  Stability and accuracy analysis of power hardware in the loop system with different interface algorithms , 2016, 2016 IEEE 17th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL).

[28]  Nathan D. Marks,et al.  Stability of a Switched Mode Power Amplifier Interface for Power Hardware-in-the-Loop , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[29]  T. Strasser,et al.  Implementation of a multi-rating interface for Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop simulations , 2012, IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[30]  Efren Guillo-Sansano,et al.  Initialization and Synchronization of Power Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulations: A Great Britain Network Case Study , 2018 .

[31]  Ibrahim Faiek Abdulhadi,et al.  Realization of High Fidelity Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop Capability Using a MW-Scale Motor-Generator Set , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.