Detection of adaptive inverse models in the human motor system

Abstract This study aimed to find evidence for the formation of an internal inverse model of a novel visuomotor relationship for feedforward control in the brain. An experiment was carried out involving 20 normal adult subjects who performed a pursuit random tracking task with a steering wheel for input. During learning the response cursor was periodically blanked, removing all feedback about the external system (i.e., about the relationship between hand motion and response cursor motion). Results showed a transfer of learning from the unblanked runs to the blanked runs for a static nonlinear system (linear trend RMS error F (1,19)=5.05, p =0.037) thereby demonstrating adaptive feedforward control in the nervous system. No such transfer was observed for a dynamic linear system, indicating a dominant adaptive feedback control component. Results are consistent with inverse modeling and suggest a combination of feedforward and feedback adaptive control in the brain.

[1]  Richard D. Jones.  Measurement of Sensory-Motor Control Performance Capacities: Tracking Tasks , 1999 .

[2]  D M Wolpert,et al.  Multiple paired forward and inverse models for motor control , 1998, Neural Networks.

[3]  R. W. Watson,et al.  A PC-based battery of tests for quantitative assessment of upper-limb sensory-motor function in brain disorders , 1993, Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ.

[4]  K. Lashley.  THE ACCURACY OF MOVEMENT IN THE ABSENCE OF EXCITATION FROM THE MOVING ORGAN , 1917 .

[5]  R. Shadmehr,et al.  Motor disorder in Huntington's disease begins as a dysfunction in error feedback control , 2000, Nature.

[6]  Peter D. Neilson,et al.  Chapter 17 Adaptive Model Theory: Application to Disorders of Motor Control , 1992 .

[7]  Reza Shadmehr,et al.  Computational nature of human adaptive control during learning of reaching movements in force fields , 1999, Biological Cybernetics.

[8]  Peter D. Neilson,et al.  What limits high speed tracking performance , 1993 .

[9]  C. Ghez,et al.  Loss of proprioception produces deficits in interjoint coordination. , 1993, Journal of neurophysiology.

[10]  Mitsuo Kawato,et al.  Learning Control of a Closed Loop System Using Feedback-Error-Learning , 1991 .

[11]  R L Sainburg,et al.  Intersegmental dynamics are controlled by sequential anticipatory, error correction, and postural mechanisms. , 1999, Journal of neurophysiology.

[12]  John W. Krakauer,et al.  Independent learning of internal models for kinematic and dynamic control of reaching , 1999, Nature Neuroscience.

[13]  Peter J. Gawthrop,et al.  Neural networks for control systems - A survey , 1992, Autom..

[14]  F A Mussa-Ivaldi,et al.  Adaptive representation of dynamics during learning of a motor task , 1994, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[15]  Michael I. Jordan,et al.  An internal model for sensorimotor integration. , 1995, Science.

[16]  Daniel M. Wolpert,et al.  Forward Models for Physiological Motor Control , 1996, Neural Networks.

[17]  E. Taub.  Movement In Nonhuman Primates Deprived Of Somatosensory Feedback , 1976, Exercise and sport sciences reviews.

[18]  J. Summers.  Approaches to the study of motor control and learning , 1992 .

[19]  R Shadmehr,et al.  Electromyographic Correlates of Learning an Internal Model of Reaching Movements , 1999, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[20]  Michael I. Jordan,et al.  Forward Models: Supervised Learning with a Distal Teacher , 1992, Cogn. Sci..

[21]  M. Kawato,et al.  Adaptive internal model of intrinsic kinematics involved in learning an aiming task. , 1998, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[22]  Mitsuo Kawato,et al.  Internal models for motor control and trajectory planning , 1999, Current Opinion in Neurobiology.

[23]  Reza Shadmehr,et al.  Evidence for a Forward Dynamics Model in Human Adaptive Motor Control , 1998, NIPS.