Linking Telemedicine With Diabetes Self-management Education to Improve Care in Rural Communities

TREAT employs telemedicine services provided by an endocrinologist at an urban area in partnership with a diabetes educator in a rural area, working together with patients and primary care providers (PCPs). Thirty-five patients with type 2 diabetes were referred by PCPs and received glycemic management and education in the TREAT model. A diabetes educator operated the videoconferencing equipment, remained with the patient to receive and review plan communicated by the endocrinologist during the visit, coordinated services, administered surveys, and provided self-management education and support. Empowerment, self-care, diabetes distress, adherence to monitoring, and patient satisfaction were assessed by survey at baseline and follow-up.

[1]  Kim Dunn,et al.  Outcomes and methods in telemedicine evaluation. , 2003, Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association.

[2]  F. Toledo,et al.  Efficacy of the Telemedicine for Reach, Education, Access, and Treatment (TREAT) Model for Diabetes Care , 2014, Diabetes Care.

[3]  N. Shaw,et al.  Patient satisfaction with teledermatology is related to perceived quality of life , 2001, The British journal of dermatology.

[4]  Brian T. Austin,et al.  Improving outcomes in chronic illness. , 1996, Managed care quarterly.

[5]  J. Weissfeld,et al.  The association of diabetes specialist care with health care practices and glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis from the Pittsburgh epidemiology of diabetes complications study. , 2000, Diabetes care.

[6]  Garry Welch,et al.  Assessment of Diabetes-Related Distress , 1995, Diabetes Care.

[7]  Robert C. Byrd,et al.  Where We Live: Health Care in Rural vs Urban America , 2002 .

[8]  Suzanne Bakken,et al.  Development, validation, and use of English and Spanish versions of the telemedicine satisfaction and usefulness questionnaire. , 2006, Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA.

[9]  Larry D Gruppen,et al.  The Diabetes Empowerment Scale-Short Form (DES-SF). , 2003, Diabetes care.

[10]  R. Rubin,et al.  Patient and provider perceptions of care for diabetes: results of the cross-national DAWN Study , 2006, Diabetologia.

[11]  F. Toledo,et al.  Telemedicine Consultations: An Alternative Model to Increase Access to Diabetes Specialist Care in Underserved Rural Communities , 2012, JMIR research protocols.

[12]  R. Glasgow,et al.  Where Is the Patient in Diabetes Performance Measures? , 2008, Diabetes Care.

[13]  D. Kenny.  Determinants of patient satisfaction with the medical consultation , 1995 .

[14]  S. Kaplan,et al.  Quality of care and outcomes in type 2 diabetic patients: a comparison between general practice and diabetes clinics. , 2004, Diabetes care.

[15]  M. Funnell,et al.  Patient Empowerment: Results of a randomized controlled trial , 1995, Diabetes Care.

[16]  E. Wagner.  The role of patient care teams in chronic disease management , 2000, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[17]  Lori A. Mitchell,et al.  Adequacy of diabetes care for older U.S. rural adults: a cross-sectional population based study using 2009 BRFSS data , 2011, BMC public health.

[18]  R. Rubin,et al.  Health Care and Patient-Reported Outcomes , 2006, Diabetes Care.

[19]  R. Glasgow,et al.  The summary of diabetes self-care activities measure: results from 7 studies and a revised scale. , 2000, Diabetes care.

[20]  E. Fisher,et al.  National Standards for Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support , 2013, Diabetes Care.

[21]  R. Rubin,et al.  US Nurses’ Perceptions of Their Role in Diabetes Care , 2007, The Diabetes educator.