Although Africa has been home to famous ancient cities in the past, its modern conurbation areas are poor living spaces characterised by squalor, poor planning and human misery. The authors of this paper argue that the learning city concept, still almost unknown in Africa, holds enormous potential for redressing the dysfunctional state of things and for guiding future orderly development of African cities. There have been timid attempts at operationalising the learning city concept, for example in the Western Cape (South Africa) between 2004 and 2006, in Gaborone (Botswana) between 2008 and 2010, and in Lagos State (Nigeria) from 2007 onwards. Furthermore, two African governments, namely those of Nigeria (2005) and South Africa (2006), joined the global “Cities Alliance” partnership, which operates a “Cities without slums action plan”. However, many of these projects have not been successful, and the authors of this article identify five factors which have stood in the way of their proper take-off. Based on this analysis, the authors then propose a model for future learning city projects in Africa. It is a process model that uses critical awareness-building promoted by civil society organisations and government and harnesses the pressure of other social dynamics such as ethnic culture clusters. The authors then offer three policy recommendations and conclude by expressing their hope that the learning city concept will take hold and unfold its potential in Africa in the foreseeable future.RésuméLe rôle des villes apprenantes dans la redynamisation de l’Afrique – Bien que l’Afrique ait été le berceau de cités célèbres, ses conurbations modernes sont des espaces de vie précaires marqués par des conditions de vie désastreuses, l’absence d’urbanisme et la misère humaine. Les auteurs de cet article soutiennent que le concept de ville apprenante, encore presque inconnu en Afrique, renferme un potentiel considérable pour remédier à cette situation déplorable, et pour guider à l’avenir un développement structuré des villes africaines. Il a existé des tentatives timides de transposer le concept de ville apprenante, par exemple au Cap (Afrique du Sud) entre 2004 et 2006, à Gaborone (Botswana) entre 2008 et 2010, et dans l’État de Lagos (Nigéria) à partir de 2007. En outre, deux gouvernements africains, ceux du Nigéria (2005) et de l’Afrique du Sud (2006), ont rejoint le partenariat mondial Alliance des Villes, qui applique un plan d’action «Villes sans bidonvilles». Néanmoins, un grand nombre de ces projets ne sont pas concluants, et les auteurs identifient cinq facteurs qui font obstacle à un démarrage réussi. À partir de cette analyse, ils proposent un modèle pour les futurs projets de ville apprenante en Afrique. Il s’agit d’un modèle de processus qui tire profit d’une sensibilisation critique encouragée par les organisations de la société civile et les gouvernements, et qui exploite la pression d’autres dynamiques sociales telles que les groupes ethno-culturels. Les auteurs énoncent finalement trois recommandations stratégiques et concluent en exprimant l’espoir de voir le concept de ville apprenante se répandre et déployer son potentiel en Afrique dans un avenir proche.
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