Markov chains, Riesz transforms and Lipschitz maps

Abstractit is shown that a version of Maurey's extension theorem holds for Lipschitz maps between metric spaces satisfying certain geometric conditions, analogous to type and cotype. As a consequence, a classical Theorem of Kirszbraun can be generalised to include maps intoLp, 1<p<2. These conditions describe the wandering of symmetric Markov processes in the spaces in question. Estimates are obtained for the root-mean-square wandering of such processes in theLp spaces. The duality theory for these geometric conditions (in normed spaces) is shown to be closely related to the behavior of the Riesz transforms associated to Markov chains. Several natural open problems are collected in the final chapter.