Analysis of Settlement-Induced Bending Moments in Battered Piles
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The effects of settlement on the development of bending moments in battered piles were studied for a flood protection structure using a nonlinear three-dimensional finite element model. The model was of one configuration for a flood protection structure consisting of an earth embankment and a pile-supported T-wall. The constitutive models used for the soil were the Mohr-Coulomb and the bounding surface plasticity models. Both models were used for drained and undrained analyses. The drained analyses represented the long-term consolidation analysis of the embankments, and the undrained analyses represented the short-term loading conditions present during a storm surge loading event. The time rate of consolidation and dissipation of pore water pressures in the embankment and supporting subsoil were not modeled in these analyses. The study found that different levels of bending moments were developed in the three rows of batter piles due to the settlement of the embankments and the maximum moments were developed in the flood side row of piles. The undrained analyses of storm surge loading event revealed that bending moments in the flood side row of piles increased, the moments in the protected side rows of piles decreased, and the sign of the moment in the piles was reversed.