6 – Optimality Approaches to Resource Allocation in Woody Tissues

In recent years the principles of optimal resource allocation have given insight into the evolution of a wide range of plant characteristics, including the evolution of seed size (e.g., Sakai, 1995a; McGinley and Charnov, 1988); allocation between vegetative and reproductive tissue (Fox, 1992; Hara et al., 1988; Pugliese, 1987) and between those and storage (Pugliese, 1988; also see review in Perrin and Sibly, 1993); allocation between biomass production and defense (Fagerstrom et al., 1987) and between ramets, rhizomes, and seeds (Sakai, 1995b); the evolution of selfing (Iwasa, 1990; Sakai, 1995c); of floral longevity (Schoen and Ashman, 1995); of capsuleto-flower ratios (Bartareau, 1995), of parent-offspring conflict over the allocation of resources to seeds (Ravishankar et al., 1995; Mazer, 1987), and of perennial growth (Iwasa and Cohen, 1989). Here we analyze as far as possible some cases of resource allocation to woody tissue, and then review the obstacles to obtaining a complete life-history analysis of this process. A full understanding of resource allocation requires answers to five questions. To what are resources allocated at any particular stage or age? What physiologically controls resource allocation? How does resource allocation

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