Hydraulic jumps and stilling basins

A hydraulic jump is a rapid transition from a high-velocity open channel flow to a slower fluvial motion. It is commonly experienced in streams and rivers, in industrial channels, during manufacturing processes and downstream of dam spillways. The air is entrapped at the jump toe that is a discontinuity between the impinging flow and the roller. The impingement perimeter is a source of vorticity. The air-water shear layer is characterised by a transfer of momentum from the high-velocity jet flow to the recirculation region above, as well as by an advective diffusion of entrained air bubbles. Herein the theoretical and experimental modelling of hydraulic jumps is presented with a focus on the two-phase flow properties. Later the hydraulic design of hydraulic jump stilling basin is developed and prototype experiences are discussed.

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