L-dopa and arousal 1

In 10 patients with Parkinsonism, treatment with L-dopa was associated with a rise in the skin conductance level and its fluctuations, an increased electromyographic activity in the frontalis muscle, and with faster reaction times. The change of skin conductance in response to a loud noise also increased and its habituation to the repetition of the stimulus was delayed. One patient developed a schizophreniform psychosis and showed high arousal and absent habituation. It is possible that dopamine is the transmitter associated with the arousal reaction and that it plays a part in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

[1]  R. Meares,et al.  A Physiological Difference Between Hallucinosis and Schizophrenia , 1973, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[2]  U. Ungerstedt.  Stereotaxic mapping of the monoamine pathways in the rat brain. , 1971, Acta physiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum.

[3]  R. Ansel,et al.  Levodopa's awakening effect on patients with Parkinsonism , 1971, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[4]  H. Hinterberger,et al.  The biochemistry of catecholamines in relation to Parkinson's disease. , 1971, Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine.

[5]  A. Barbeau.  Long-term side-effects of levodopa. , 1971, Lancet.

[6]  W. Knopp.  Psychiatric changes in patients treated with levodopa , 1970, Neurology.

[7]  G. Celesia,et al.  Psychosis and other psychiatric manifestations of levodopa therapy. , 1970, Archives of neurology.

[8]  U. Ungerstedt,et al.  Receptor activity and turnover of dopamine and noradrenaline after neuroleptics. , 1970, European journal of pharmacology.

[9]  G. Everett,et al.  L-Dopa: Effect on Concentrations of Dopamine, Norepinephrine, and Serotonin in Brains of Mice , 1970, Science.

[10]  R. Mindham.  Psychiatric symptoms in Parkinsonism. , 1970, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[11]  A. Barbeau.  L-dopa therapy in Parkinson's disease: a critical review of nine years' experience. , 1969, Canadian Medical Association journal.

[12]  L. Wing,et al.  Physiological measures in agitated and retarded depressed patients. , 1969, Journal of psychiatric research.

[13]  R. Duvoisin,et al.  Treatment of parkinsonism with levodopa. , 1969, Archives of neurology.

[14]  L. Butcher,et al.  Behavioral and biochemical effects of L-dopa after peripheral decarboxylase inhibition. , 1969, Brain research.

[15]  R. Godwin-Austen,et al.  Effects of L-dopa in Parkinson's disease. , 1969, Lancet.

[16]  C. Scheckel,et al.  HYPERACTIVE STATES RELATED TO THE METABOLISM OF NOREPINEPHRINE AND SIMILAR BIOCHEMICALS , 1969, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[17]  D. Murphy,et al.  Effect of L-DOPA on depression. , 1969, Lancet.

[18]  George C. Cotzias,et al.  Modification of Parkinsonism--chronic treatment with L-dopa. , 1969, The New England journal of medicine.

[19]  J. V. van Rossum,et al.  Bizarre social behaviour in rats induced by a combination of a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor and DOPA. , 1968, European journal of pharmacology.

[20]  Webster Dd,et al.  Critical analysis of the disability in Parkinson's disease. , 1968 .

[21]  J. W. Warburton.  Memory disturbance and the Parkinson syndrome. , 1967, The British journal of medical psychology.

[22]  S. Kety,et al.  Biogenic Amines and Emotion , 1967, Science.

[23]  M. Jouvet.  Neurophysiology of the states of sleep. , 1967, Physiological reviews.

[24]  W. Trethowan.  Physiological Measures, Sedative Drugs, and Morbid Anxiety. , 1967 .

[25]  O. Hornykiewicz.  Dopamine (3-hydroxytyramine) and brain function. , 1966, Pharmacological reviews.

[26]  J. Schildkraut,et al.  The catecholamine hypothesis of affective disorders: a review of supporting evidence. , 1965, The American journal of psychiatry.

[27]  Saunders Kb.  END--OR BEGINNING? , 1965 .

[28]  A. Mcghie,et al.  A comparative study of disordered attention in schizophrenia. , 1962, The Journal of mental science.

[29]  Å. Bertler,et al.  Occurrence and distribution of catechol amines in brain. , 1959, Acta physiologica Scandinavica.

[30]  D. Lindsley,et al.  Reaction time and EEG activation under alerted and nonalerted conditions. , 1959, Journal of experimental psychology.

[31]  A. Rothballer.  The effects of catecholamines on the central nervous system. , 1959, Pharmacological reviews.

[32]  D. Hebb.  Drives and the C.N.S. (conceptual nervous system). , 1955, Psychological review.

[33]  S L SHERWOOD,et al.  Injections of drugs into the lateral ventricle of the cat , 1954, The Journal of physiology.

[34]  D. Lindsley.  Psychological phenomena and the electroencephalogram. , 1952, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[35]  Elizabeth Duffy,et al.  An Explanation of “Emotional” Phenomena without the use of the Concept “Emotion” , 1941 .

[36]  J. L. de Castro,et al.  Letter: Methysergide and myoclonus. , 1975, Lancet.

[37]  D. Murphy,et al.  Studies of alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine, L-dopa, and L-tryptophan in depression and mania. , 1971, The American journal of psychiatry.

[38]  S. Fahn,et al.  Mental effects of high-dosage levodopa. , 1971, Archives of general psychiatry.

[39]  W. Knopp.  Psychiatric changes in patients treated with levodopa. I. The clinical experiment. , 1970, Neurology.

[40]  N. J. Giarman,et al.  Physiologic and pharmacologic considerations of biogenic amines in the nervous system. , 1968, Annual review of pharmacology.

[41]  D. Webster.  Critical analysis of the disability in Parkinson's disease. , 1968, Modern treatment.

[42]  M. Meldman.  Attention, Arousal and the Orientation Reaction , 1967 .

[43]  G. Moruzzi,et al.  Brain stem reticular formation and activation of the EEG. , 1949, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.