Bioassay-directed chemical analysis of organic extracts of emissions from a laboratory-scale incinerator : combustion of surrogate compounds

Abstract A prototype/laboratory-scale rotary kiln (73 kW, 250000Btu/h) was used to examine the chemical composition and biological effects of the emissions produced when the kiln was operated under suboptimal conditions resulting from batch charging. The surrogate wastes evaluated were polyethylene (PE), polyvinylchloride (PVC), toluene (TOL), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), PE + PVC, and TOL + CCl4. The dichloromethane-extractable organics from particles (collected on filters) and semi-volatiles (collected on XAD-2 resin) were evaluated for mutagenic activity using the Salmonella (Ames) mutagenicity assay in strain TA98 ( + S9). The mutagenic potencies (revertants/microgram of extractable organics) of the emissions ranked as follows: PE > TOL > PE + PVC > TOL + CCl4. The organic extracts from the PVC and CCl4 emissions were not mutagenic. The mutagenic emission factors (revertants/ kilogram of fuel or /megajoule of heat) for the TOL or PE emissions were similar to those for municipal waste combustors; those...

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