Soil type and moisture regime control microbial C and N mineralization in grassland soils more than atmospheric CO2-induced changes in litter quality

Abstract Global change-induced alterations in litter quality and soil moisture regime will likely impact grassland C and N dynamics, but how these changes interact with edaphic properties across the landscape is unclear. We measured the effects of litter quality, soil type, soil moisture level, and soil drying-rewetting frequency (D-RW) on microbial C and N mineralization of litter and soil organic matter (SOM) in a full-factorial, controlled incubation experiment. Four levels of litter quality (no litter; or litter from Bouteloua curtipendula grown under 280, 380, 500 μL L −1  CO 2 ) were surface-applied to three contrasting soils common to Blackland Prairie landscapes: an upland Mollisol, a lowland Vertisol, and a fluvial Alfisol. Different soil moisture regimes were tested by incubating soils at four moisture levels (air-dry, 25%, 35%, or 50% water-holding capacity, WHC) and by drying-rewetting soils 0, 1, 2, 4 or 8 times over the 112-d incubation period. Litter additions stimulated microbial activity, increasing total CO 2 production (i.e. C mineralized from litter + SOM decomposition) up to 17× more than no-litter controls (average 3×) and decreasing net N mineralization up to −3× less (average −0.5×) due to greater microbial N immobilization. Neither C nor N mineralization, however, was affected by litter quality. For all soils, litter decomposition increased with increasing WHC and D-RW frequency, but the average percent of total CO 2 derived from litter was a negative function of SOM content. Similarly, net N mineralization also was positively correlated with soil WHC and affected most strongly by soil type (Alfisol  2 -induced changes in litter C:N ratio for this common species of prairie grass.

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