The Study on Conservation Evaluation System and Method on the Historic Cultural Towns & Villages——A Case Study of The First Group Famous Historic and Cultural towns & Villages in China

Historic cultural towns villages are the important parts in the conservation system of the heritage in China.The conservation entered into a new phase with the proclamation of the first group famous historic cultural towns villages in China in 2003.However,the actual studies are very short of and the most studies focused on the physical material cultural heritage with qualitative research,and the research cases often from restricted region.The precious historic heritages and their surroundings of famous historic cultural towns villages are faced to a serious crisis and destroyed to some extent due to rapid development of economy and rural urbanization.In order to salvage the heritage resources and make up the shortage of the study on historic and cultural heritage,the article reviews the relative research on heritage conservation and evaluation of the international and domestic historic towns villages.The author explored qualitatively and quantitatively conservation evaluation systems,and examined with cases of the first group famous historic cultural towns villages in order to provide the theoretical background.The conservation evaluation of historic cultural towns villages means integration assessment of valuable traits and conservation status.The paper firstly builds up the evaluation system of historic cultural towns villages with 15 variables.The 15 influential evaluation factors were selected concerning both physical cultural heritage and immaterial culture heritage.Secondly,based on social investigation and questionnaires,the author constructs a standard comparative matrix with the case town of Zhouzhuang Town using data-base techniques,and constructs correlation coefficient among the first group famous historiccultural towns villages.With Factor Analysis of SPSS software,a 22*15 matrix was statistically analyzed with result that the 5 main factors of historic and cultural towns villages evaluation were revealed as environmental view,architectural relic,folk-custom,street space and value impact.In the end,by Cluster Analysis the paper classifies the first famous towns villages into 4 types and evaluates them respectively.