A review: virtual assembly of flexible cables based on physical modeling

Cables are widely used, and they play a key role in complex electromechanical products such as vehicles, ships, aircraft and satellites. Cable design and assembly significantly impact the development cycle and assembly quality, which is be-coming a key element affecting the function of a product. However, there are various kinds of cables, with complex geo-metric configurations and a narrow assembly space, which can easily result in improper or missed assembly, an unreasonable layout or interference. Traditional serial design methods are inefficient and costly, and they cannot predict problems in installation and use. Based on physical modeling, computer-aided cable design and assembly can effectively solve these problems. This paper aims to address virtual assembly (VA) of flexible cables based on physical modeling.,Much research has focused recently on virtual design and assembly-process planning for cables. This paper systematically reviews the research progress and the current state of mechanical models, virtual design, assembly-process planning, collision detection and geometric configuration and proposes areas for further research.,In the first instance, the main research groups and typical systems are investigated, followed by extensive exploration of the major research issues. The latter can be reviewed from five perspectives: the current state of mechanical models, virtual design, assembly-process planning, collision detection and geometric configuration. Finally, the barriers that prevent successful application of VA are also discussed, and the future research directions are summarized.,This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the topics of VA of flexible cables based on physical modeling and investigates some new ideas and recent advances in the area.

[1]  Theodore Lim,et al.  Automated generation of engineering rationale, knowledge and intent representations during the product life cycle , 2011, Virtual Reality.

[2]  Bin Yuan,et al.  Configuration Modeling and Experimental Verification with 3D Laser Scanning Technology for a Constrained Elastica Cable , 2014 .

[3]  Martin Servin,et al.  Hybrid, Multiresolution Wires with Massless Frictional Contacts , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[4]  David A. Forsyth,et al.  Generalizing motion edits with Gaussian processes , 2009, ACM Trans. Graph..

[5]  Masaru Uchiyama,et al.  Robotized recognition of a wire harness utilizing tracing operation , 2015 .

[6]  Evan Shellshear,et al.  1D sweep-and-prune self-collision detection for deforming cables , 2014, The Visual Computer.

[7]  Elmar Schömer,et al.  Interactive simulation of one-dimensional flexible parts , 2006, Symposium on Solid and Physical Modeling.

[8]  J. N. Reddy,et al.  Transient analysis of Cosserat rod with inextensibility and unshearability constraints using the least-squares finite element model , 2016 .

[9]  Rikard Söderberg,et al.  Automatic routing of flexible 1D components with functional and manufacturing constraints , 2016, Comput. Aided Des..

[10]  Gereon Hellenbroich,et al.  Compact Seven- and Ten-Speed Dual-Clutch Transmissions , 2012 .

[11]  Gabriel Zachmann,et al.  Collision Detection for Deformable Objects , 2004, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[12]  Hidefumi Wakamatsu,et al.  Static Modeling of Linear Object Deformation Based on Differential Geometry , 2004, Int. J. Robotics Res..

[13]  George Baciu,et al.  Continuous collision detection for deformable objects using permissible clusters , 2014, The Visual Computer.

[14]  Bobby Bodenheimer,et al.  Synthesis and evaluation of linear motion transitions , 2008, TOGS.

[15]  Hans-Peter Seidel,et al.  Real-time lens blur effects and focus control , 2010, SIGGRAPH 2010.

[16]  Philip N. Day,et al.  System design and user evaluation of Co-Star: An immersive stereoscopic system for cable harness design , 2007, Comput. Aided Des..

[17]  Masakazu Kobayashi,et al.  Optimization of Assembly Processes of an Automobile Wire Harness , 2014 .

[18]  Nigel W. John,et al.  A Stable and Real-Time Nonlinear Elastic Approach to Simulating Guidewire and Catheter Insertions Based on Cosserat Rod , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[19]  H. Lang,et al.  Multi-body dynamics simulation of geometrically exact Cosserat rods , 2011 .

[20]  Laurent Grisoni,et al.  Geometrically exact dynamic splines , 2008, Comput. Aided Des..

[21]  J. Ritchie,et al.  Automated design process modelling and analysis using immersive virtual reality , 2009, Comput. Aided Des..

[22]  Martin Servin,et al.  Ieee Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 2 Rigid Body Cable for Virtual Environments , 2022 .

[23]  Timothy Bretl,et al.  Mechanics and Quasi-Static Manipulation of Planar Elastic Kinematic Chains , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Robotics.

[24]  Ming C. Lin,et al.  Example-guided physically based modal sound synthesis , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[25]  R. Manning.  A Catalogue of Stable Equilibria of Planar Extensible or Inextensible Elastic Rods for All Possible Dirichlet Boundary Conditions , 2014 .

[26]  Wei Xiong,et al.  Physical deformation configuration of a spatial clamped cable based on Kirchhoff rods , 2017 .

[27]  Dinesh K. Pai,et al.  Frame-based elastic models , 2011, TOGS.

[28]  Joëlle Thollot,et al.  Floating tangents for approximating spatial curves with G1 piecewise helices , 2013, Comput. Aided Geom. Des..

[29]  Robert Bohlin,et al.  Automatic Creation of Manikin Motions Affected by Cable Forces , 2014 .

[30]  António M. Lopes,et al.  A review of virtual reality and haptics for product assembly: from rigid parts to soft cables , 2013 .

[31]  Xiao Liu,et al.  Improved RRT Based Cable Automatic Routing , 2015 .

[32]  E. Grinspun,et al.  Discrete elastic rods , 2008, SIGGRAPH 2008.

[33]  Noel C. Perkins,et al.  Numerical Simulations of Cable/seabed Interaction , 2004 .

[34]  James F. O'Brien,et al.  Interactive simulation of surgical needle insertion and steering , 2009, SIGGRAPH 2009.

[35]  陈海军,et al.  Vehicle Speed Estimation in Driving Mode for Hybrid Electric Car Using Unscented Kalman Filter , 2015 .

[36]  P. Jiménez,et al.  Survey on model-based manipulation planning of deformable objects , 2012 .

[37]  Magda B. Fayek,et al.  Rapid collision detection for deformable objects using inclusion-fields applied to cloth simulation , 2012 .

[38]  Rikard Söderberg,et al.  Geometric variation simulation and robust design for flexible cables and hoses , 2013 .

[39]  Yannick Remion,et al.  A dynamic animation engine for generic spline objects , 2000 .

[40]  Dinesh K. Pai,et al.  STRANDS: Interactive Simulation of Thin Solids using Cosserat Models , 2002, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[41]  Leonidas J. Guibas,et al.  Shape google: Geometric words and expressions for invariant shape retrieval , 2011, TOGS.

[42]  Laurent Grisoni,et al.  Surgical thread simulation , 2002 .

[43]  Florence Bertails,et al.  Linear Time Super‐Helices , 2009, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[44]  Shiqi Li,et al.  Interactive operation of physically-based slender flexible parts in an augmented reality environment , 2014 .

[45]  Kup-Sze Choi,et al.  Virtual Suturing Simulation Based on Commodity Physics Engine for Medical Learning , 2010, Journal of Medical Systems.

[46]  Matthias Teschner,et al.  An Adaptive Contact Model for the Robust Simulation of Knots , 2008, Comput. Graph. Forum.