Theory of Digital Phase Shifters Based on High- Superconducting Films

A theory of digital phase shifters based on transition from a superconducting (S) state into a normal (N) state in high-Tc superconductor (HTS) films is developed. It is shown that the insertion-loss level in the phase shifters is determined by the commutation quality of the HTS film and does not depend on theS–N switching element shape and size. The procedure for designing theS–N phase shifter with minimum insertion loss is equivalent to designing a matching circuit for the termination Z = p RSRN (RS and RN are the resistances of the switching element in theSand N -states, respectively). Different versions of S–N phase shifters are suggested and discussed. High-quality S–N phase shifters can be successfully designed in a 1–10-GHz frequency range and find application on the receiving end of microwave systems.

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