Using ALOS PALSAR derived high-resolution DInSAR to detect slow-moving landslides in tropical forest: Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

Landslide is one of the natural hazards that pose maximum threat for human lives and property in mountainous regions. Mitigation and prediction of this phenomenon can be done through the detection of landslide-susceptible areas. Therefore, an appropriate landslide analysis is needed in order to map and consequently understand the characteristic of this disaster. One of the recent popular remote sensing techniques in deformation analysis is the differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar which is popularly known as DInSAR. Due to the mass vegetation condition in Malaysia, a long-wavelength synthetic aperture radar (∼24 cm) is required in order to be able to penetrate through the forests and reach the bare land. For that reason, ALOS PALSAR HH imagery was used in this study to derive a deformation map of the Gunung Pass area located in the tropical forest of the Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. In this study, the ascending orbit ALOS PALSAR images were acquired in September 2008, January 2009 and December 2009. Subsequently the displacement measurements of the study site (Gunung Pass) were calculated. The accuracy of the result was evaluated through its comparison with ground truth data using the R2 and root mean square error (RMSE) methods. The resulted deformation map showed the landslide locations in the study area from interpretation of the results with 0.84 R2 and 0.151 RMSE. The DInSAR precision was 11.8 cm which proved the efficiency of the proposed method in detecting landslides in a tropical country like Malaysia. It is highly recommended to use the proposed method for any other deformation studies.

[1]  R. Goldstein,et al.  Mapping small elevation changes over large areas: Differential radar interferometry , 1989 .

[2]  K. Feigl,et al.  The displacement field of the Landers earthquake mapped by radar interferometry , 1993, Nature.

[3]  Richard M. Goldstein,et al.  Radar ice motion interferometry , 1997 .

[4]  Fabio Rocca,et al.  Monitoring landslides and tectonic motions with the Permanent Scatterers Technique , 2003 .

[5]  F. Catani,et al.  On the application of SAR interferometry to geomorphological studies: estimation of landform attributes and mass movements , 2005 .

[6]  C. Werner,et al.  Survey and monitoring of landslide displacements by means of L-band satellite SAR interferometry , 2005 .

[7]  David Taniar,et al.  Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA 2005, International Conference, Singapore, May 9-12, 2005, Proceedings, Part I , 2005, ICCSA.

[8]  Maurizio Santoro,et al.  Multitemporal repeat pass SAR interferometry of boreal forests , 2003, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[9]  Antonio Pepe,et al.  On the generation of ERS/ENVISAT DInSAR time-series via the SBAS technique , 2005, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[10]  Volker J. Dietrich,et al.  Ground deformation of Nisyros Volcano (Greece) for the period 1995–2002: Results from DInSAR and DGPS observations , 2005 .

[11]  S. Moretti,et al.  Permanent Scatterers for landslide investigations: outcomes from the ESA-SLAM project , 2006 .

[12]  T. Tadono,et al.  Interferometric capabilities of ALOS PALSAR and its utilization , 2006 .

[13]  Antonio Pepe,et al.  On the Extension of the Minimum Cost Flow Algorithm for Phase Unwrapping of Multitemporal Differential SAR Interferograms , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[14]  A. Hansen,et al.  Post-failure movements of a large slow rock slide in schist near Pos Selim, Malaysia , 2008 .

[15]  Marco Bianchi,et al.  Geological Interpretation of PSInSAR Data at Regional Scale , 2008, Sensors.

[16]  Antonio Pepe,et al.  The 2004–2006 uplift episode at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy): Constraints from SBAS‐DInSAR ENVISAT data and Bayesian source inference , 2008 .

[17]  Manfred F. Buchroithner,et al.  Utilization of optical remote sensing data and geographic information system tools for regional landslide hazard analysis by using binomial logistic regression model , 2008 .

[18]  Antonio Pepe,et al.  Analysis of Ground Deformation Detected Using the SBAS-DInSAR Technique in Umbria, Central Italy , 2009 .

[19]  Thomas L. Ainsworth,et al.  Improved Sigma Filter for Speckle Filtering of SAR Imagery , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[20]  Persistent Scatterer InSAR , 2009 .

[21]  Farzad Kamalabadi,et al.  GPS-Based Radio Tomography With Edge-Preserving Regularization , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[22]  J. Roering,et al.  Using DInSAR, airborne LiDAR, and archival air photos to quantify landsliding and sediment transport , 2009 .

[23]  B. Pradhan,et al.  Maximum Flood Prone Area Mapping using RADARSAT Images and GIS: Kelantan River Basin , 2009 .

[24]  M. Manunta,et al.  DInSAR measurements of ground deformation by sinkholes, mining subsidence, and landslides, Ebro River, Spain , 2009 .

[25]  Uwe Stilla,et al.  A concept for reconstruction of urban surface models from airborne multi-aspect InSAR data , 2010 .

[26]  B. Pradhan,et al.  Regional landslide susceptibility analysis using back-propagation neural network model at Cameron Highland, Malaysia , 2010 .

[27]  Gautam Vasisht,et al.  Fringe Measurement and Control for the Keck Interferometer , 2010 .

[28]  Linlin Ge,et al.  Automatic exclusion of surface deformation in InSAR DEM generation using differential radar interferometry , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.

[29]  J. Roering,et al.  An examination of seasonal deformation at the Portuguese Bend landslide, southern California, using radar interferometry , 2010 .

[30]  Gianfranco Fornaro,et al.  Advanced low- and full-resolution DInSAR map generation for slow-moving landslide analysis at different scales , 2010 .

[31]  Yueping Yin,et al.  Integration of GPS with InSAR to monitoring of the Jiaju landslide in Sichuan, China , 2010 .

[32]  Manfred F. Buchroithner,et al.  Landslide Susceptibility Mapping by Neuro-Fuzzy Approach in a Landslide-Prone Area (Cameron Highlands, Malaysia) , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[33]  Ying Lu,et al.  A Modification to Goldstein algorithm for TerraSAR-X interferometic phase filter , 2010, 2010 The 2nd International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE).

[34]  Fernando Vicente-Guijalba,et al.  A Contribution of Polarimetry to Satellite Differential SAR Interferometry: Increasing the Number of Pixel Candidates , 2010, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[35]  R. Mellors,et al.  DInSAR analysis of land subsidence caused by geothermal fluid exploitation in the Mexicali Valley, B.C., Mexico , 2010 .

[36]  Yngvar Larsen,et al.  Detailed rockslide mapping in northern Norway with small baseline and persistent scatterer interferometric SAR time series methods. , 2010 .

[37]  B. Pradhan,et al.  Remote Sensing and GIS-based Landslide Susceptibility Analysis and its Cross-validation in Three Test Areas Using a Frequency Ratio Model , 2010 .

[38]  Guoqing Sun,et al.  Forest biomass mapping from lidar and radar synergies , 2011 .

[39]  Biswajeet Pradhan,et al.  Semi-automated procedures for shoreline extraction using single RADARSAT-1 SAR image , 2011 .

[40]  Timo Balz,et al.  Landslide monitoring with high-resolution SAR data in the Three Gorges region , 2012, Science China Earth Sciences.

[41]  Manfred F. Buchroithner,et al.  Field-based landcover classification using TerraSAR-X texture analysis , 2011 .

[42]  X Xianming,et al.  Multi-baseline phase unwrapping algorithm based on the unscented kalman filter , 2011 .

[43]  Jean-Claude Souyris,et al.  Classification of Tropical Vegetation Using Multifrequency Partial SAR Polarimetry , 2011, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[44]  J. W. Park,et al.  Ice velocity determined using conventional and multiple-aperture InSAR , 2011 .

[45]  Haifeng Huang,et al.  An Efficient and Adaptive Approach for Noise Filtering of SAR Interferometric Phase Images , 2011, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[46]  Antonio Pepe,et al.  SBAS-Based Satellite Orbit Correction for the Generation of DInSAR Time-Series: Application to RADARSAT-1 Data , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[47]  Ramon F. Hanssen,et al.  Persistent Scatterer InSAR: A comparison of methodologies based on a model of temporal deformation vs. spatial correlation selection criteria , 2011 .

[48]  Yoshikazu Yamaguchi,et al.  Application of exterior deformation monitoring of dams by DInSAR analysis using ALOS PALSAR , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.

[49]  Antonio Pepe,et al.  A quantitative assessment of DInSAR Time series accuracy in volcanic areas: From the first to second generation SAR sensors , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.

[50]  The contribute of DInSAR techniques to landslide hazard evaluation in mountain and hilly regions: a case study from Agno Valley (North-Eastern Italian Alps) , 2012 .

[51]  Yrjö Rauste,et al.  TerraSAR-X Data in Cut Slope Soil Stability Monitoring in Malaysia , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[52]  Manuel Servin,et al.  2D simultaneous phase unwrapping and filtering: A review and comparison , 2012 .

[53]  Maged Marghany.  DEM Reconstruction of Coastal Geomorphology from DINSAR , 2012, ICCSA.

[54]  Temporal and Spatial Analysis of Landslides Through the SBAS-DInSAR Approach: the Ivancich, Assisi, test case , 2012 .

[55]  A. Nonomura,et al.  A replication of landslide hazard mapping at catchment scale , 2012 .

[56]  Manfred F. Buchroithner,et al.  Exploitation of TerraSAR-X Data for Land use/Land Cover Analysis Using Object-Oriented Classification Approach in the African Sahel Area, Sudan , 2013, Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing.

[57]  Josaphat Tetuko Sri Sumantyo,et al.  Long-Term Consecutive DInSAR for Volume Change Estimation of Land Deformation , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[58]  Antonio Pepe,et al.  An innovative region growing algorithm based on Minimum Cost Flow approach for Phase Unwrapping of full-resolution differential interferograms , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.

[59]  Chang Wenge.  Influence of geometric distortion on SAR Image matching and its correction , 2012 .

[60]  M. Vastaranta,et al.  Prediction of plot-level forest variables using TerraSAR-X stereo SAR data , 2012 .

[61]  James Foster,et al.  Aseismic deformation across the Hilina fault system, Hawaii, revealed by wavelet analysis of InSAR and GPS time series , 2013 .

[62]  Biswajeet Pradhan,et al.  Detection of vertical slope movement in highly vegetated tropical area of Gunung pass landslide, Malaysia, using L-band InSAR technique , 2014, Geosciences Journal.

[63]  H. Kuze,et al.  DEVELOPING TROPICAL LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAP USING DINSAR TECHNIQUE OF JERS-1 SAR DATA , 2013 .

[64]  J. García-Davalillo,et al.  DInSAR analysis of ALOS PALSAR images for the assessment of very slow landslides: the Tena Valley case study , 2014, Landslides.

[65]  Ioannis Papoutsis,et al.  Mapping inflation at Santorini volcano, Greece, using GPS and InSAR , 2013 .

[66]  B. Pradhan,et al.  A comparative assessment of prediction capabilities of Dempster–Shafer and Weights-of-evidence models in landslide susceptibility mapping using GIS , 2013 .

[67]  Davide Notti,et al.  Multi-sensor advanced DInSAR monitoring of very slow landslides: The Tena Valley case study (Central Spanish Pyrenees) , 2013 .

[68]  I. Gumilar,et al.  Land subsidence in coastal city of Semarang (Indonesia): characteristics, impacts and causes , 2013 .

[69]  Ying Zhang,et al.  Urban land use mapping using high resolution SAR data based on density analysis and contextual information , 2013 .

[70]  Biswajeet Pradhan,et al.  Extraction of soil moisture from RADARSAT-1 and its role in the formation of the 6 December 2008 landslide at Bukit Antarabangsa, Kuala Lumpur , 2014, Arabian Journal of Geosciences.

[71]  Biswajeet Pradhan,et al.  Advanced differential interferometry synthetic aperture radar techniques for deformation monitoring: a review on sensors and recent research development , 2014 .

[72]  Manfred F. Buchroithner,et al.  Application of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar data for extraction of soil moisture and its use in hydrological modelling at Gottleuba Catchment, Saxony, Germany , 2014 .

[73]  Nikolas Prechtel,et al.  An easy to use ArcMap based texture analysis program for extraction of flooded areas from TerraSAR-X satellite image , 2014, Comput. Geosci..

[74]  N. Economides.  Forthcoming , 1992, English Today.