Low-Cost, Series–Parallel-Fed 2-Bit Phased Array Antenna in $Ku$-Band

In this letter, a low-cost, series–parallel-fed 2-bit phased array antenna for <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Ku$</tex-math></inline-formula>-band 1-D beam scanning application is presented. The compact 2-bit element consists of a microstrip patch with 0<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^\circ /180^\circ$</tex-math></inline-formula> phase states, dc bias circuits, ground, and a cascaded 90<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^\circ$</tex-math></inline-formula> phase shifter. Using the proposed element, a series–parallel-fed 9 × 8 array is fabricated and measured. Experimental results demonstrate the beam scanning capability in H-plane within the scan range of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm 50^\circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>, and also show high agreement compared with the simulated ones.

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