Ion crystals in anharmonic traps

There is currently intensive research into creating a large-scale quantum computer with trapped ions. It is well known that for a linear ion crystal in a harmonic potential, the ions near the center are more closely spaced compared to the ions near the ends. This is problematic as the number of ions increases. Here, we consider a linear ion crystal in an anharmonic potential that is purely quartic in position. We find that the ions are more evenly spaced compared to the harmonic case. We develop a variational approach to calculate the properties of the ground state. We also characterize the zigzag transition in an anharmonic potential.

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