Bayesian passive sonar tracking with conventional beamformer-level data

A likelihood function for a multi-sensor, passive sonar Bayesian tracker may use data directly from the array elements or, alternatively, from the output of a conventional beamformer (CBF). Here, we compare the performance of a Bayesian tracker when using element- versus CBF-level data. We observed that, provided the CBF's beams are sufficiently closely spaced, the tracker's performance with CBF-level data is similar to when it is using element-level data. However, when the spacing between CBF beams becomes too large, tracker performance with CBF-level data degrades significantly, particularly when the target is located between the maximum response axes of two adjacent beams.

[1]  Jason Aughenbaugh,et al.  Computationally efficient Bayesian tracking , 2012, Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[2]  Jason Matthew Aughenbaugh,et al.  Range-sensitive Bayesian passive sonar tracking , 2010, 2010 13th International Conference on Information Fusion.

[3]  B. Shapo,et al.  An Overview of the Probability Density Function (PDF) Tracker , 2006, OCEANS 2006.

[4]  H. Cox.  Spatial correlation in arbitrary noise fields with application to ambient sea noise , 1973 .

[5]  S. T..  Basic relationship between multipath angular spread and narrowband fading in wireless channels , 2004 .

[6]  Brian La Cour,et al.  Stationary priors for Bayesian target tracking , 2008, 2008 11th International Conference on Information Fusion.

[7]  J. Capon.  High-resolution frequency-wavenumber spectrum analysis , 1969 .

[8]  Jason Matthew Aughenbaugh,et al.  Measurement-Guided Likelihood Sampling for Grid-Based Bayesian Tracking , 2010, J. Adv. Inf. Fusion.

[9]  Harry L. Van Trees,et al.  Optimum Array Processing: Part IV of Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory , 2002 .

[10]  Peter Gerstoft,et al.  Null broadening with snapshot-deficient covariance matrices in passive sonar , 2003 .

[11]  K. L. Bell,et al.  A MLE approach to joint array detection and direction of arrival estimation , 2002, Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop Proceedings, 2002.

[12]  Harry L. Van Trees,et al.  Optimum Array Processing , 2002 .

[13]  D. A. Gray.  Formulation of the maximum signal‐to‐noise ratio array processor in beam space , 1982 .

[14]  Bryan Alan Yocom,et al.  Bayesian Passive Sonar Tracking in the Context of Active-Passive Data Fusion , 2009 .

[15]  Lawrence D. Stone,et al.  Bayesian Multiple Target Tracking , 1999 .

[16]  Sergei V. Pereverzyev,et al.  On the Adaptive Selection of the Parameter in Regularization of Ill-Posed Problems , 2005, SIAM J. Numer. Anal..

[17]  B. A. Yocom,et al.  A Bayesian Approach to Passive Sonar Detection and Tracking in the Presence of Interferers , 2011, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[18]  S. D. Somasundaram,et al.  Reduced dimension robust Capon beamforming for large aperture passive sonar arrays , 2011 .

[19]  D. Calvetti,et al.  Tikhonov Regularization of Large Linear Problems , 2003 .

[20]  R. P. Goddard,et al.  The Sonar Simulation Toolset, Release 4.1: Science, Mathematics and Algorithms , 2005 .

[21]  C Kreucher,et al.  Multitarget Detection and Tracking Using Multisensor Passive Acoustic Data , 2011, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[22]  Jason Matthew Aughenbaugh,et al.  Particle-inspired motion updates for grid-based Bayesian trackers , 2011, 14th International Conference on Information Fusion.

[23]  D. Thompson,et al.  Comparison of methods for parameter selection in Tikhonov regularization with application to inverse force determination , 2007 .