On Out-of-Sample Statistics for Time-Series

This paper studies an out-of-sample statistic for time-series prediction that is analogous to the widely used R2 in-sample statistic. We propose and study methods to estimate the variance of this out-of-sample statistic. We suggest that the out-of-sample statistic is more robust to distributional and asymptotic assumptions behind many tests for in-sample statistics. Furthermore we argue that it may be more important in some cases to choose a model that generalizes as well as possible rather than choose the parameters that are closest to the true parameters. Comparative experiments are performed on a financial time-series (daily and monthly returns of the TSE300 index). The experiments are performed for varying prediction horizons and we study the relation between predictibility (out-of-sample R2), variability of the out-of-sample R2 statistic, and the prediction horizon. Cet article etudie une statistique hors-echantillon pour la prediction de series temporelles qui est analogue a la tres utilisee statistique R2 de l'ensemble d'entrainement (in-sample). Nous proposons et etudions une methode qui estime la variance de cette statistique hors-echantillon. Nous suggerons que la statistique hors-echantillon est plus robuste aux hypotheses distributionnelles et asymptotiques pour plusieurs tests faits pour les statistiques sur l'ensemble d'entrainement (in-sample). De plus, nous affirmons qu'il peut etre plus important, dans certains cas, de choisir un modele qui generalise le mieux possible plutot que de choisir les parametres qui sont le plus proches des vrais parametres. Des experiences comparatives furent realisees sur des series financieres (rendements journaliers et mensuels de l'indice du TSE300). Les experiences realisees pour plusieurs horizons de predictions, et nous etudions la relation entre la predictibilite (hors-echantillon), la variabilite de la statistique R2 hors-echantillon, et l'horizon de prediction.

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