A cognitive psychology of mass communication

Mass Communication in Our Lives Research and Theory in Mass Communication Portrayals of Groups - Learning About People Advertising - Do the Messages Go By Or Do We Go Buy? Values - Rights and Wrongs in the Media Sports and Media - Marriage or Conquest? News - More Than Reporting Politics - Using News and Advertising to Win Elections Violence - Does All That Mayhem Matter? Sex in the Media - What Are We Turning On To? Prosocial Media - Helping Media, Helping People Living Constructively with Media.

[1]  Hope Kelly.  Reasoning about realities: Children's evaluations of television and books , 1981 .

[2]  Jeremy Tunstall,et al.  The Media Are American , 1977 .

[3]  L. R. Huesmann,et al.  Stability of Aggression Over Time and Generations. , 1984 .

[4]  G. T. Ford,et al.  Recent Developments in FTC Policy on Deception , 1986 .

[5]  Susan Hearold,et al.  A Synthesis of 1043 Effects of Television on Social Behavior , 1986 .

[6]  C. Hoff,et al.  Behavioral risk reduction for HIV infection among gay and bisexual men. A review of results from the United States. , 1988, The American psychologist.

[7]  J. W. Richards,et al.  RJR Nabisco's cartoon camel promotes camel cigarettes to children. , 1991, JAMA.

[8]  L. Eron,et al.  The Control of Aggressive Behavior by Changes in Attitudes, Values, and the Conditions of Learning , 1984 .

[9]  Margaret H. Thomas,et al.  Does media violence increase children's toleration of real-life aggression? , 1974 .

[10]  Joseph T. Plummer,et al.  Advertising in Black and White , 1972 .

[11]  Gaye Tuchman.  Mass media values , 1976 .

[12]  P. Tannenbaum.  The Entertainment Functions of Television , 1980 .

[13]  B. Gunter.  Television and sex role stereotyping , 1986 .

[14]  A. Rubin.  Ritualized and Instrumental Television Viewing , 1984 .

[15]  D. Morley.  Domestic relations: the framework of family viewing in Great Britain. , 1988 .

[16]  Shimon Gadir,et al.  Agenda Setting , 1980 .

[17]  Children and the Faces of Television: Teaching, Violence, Selling , 1980 .

[18]  Raymond R. Burke,et al.  Deception by Implication: An Experimental Investigation , 1988 .

[19]  Robert N. Kraft,et al.  The Coherence of Visual Narratives , 1991 .

[20]  S. Ball,et al.  The Second Year of Sesame Street: A Continuing Evaluation. Volume 1. , 1971 .

[21]  Clifford Nass,et al.  The Bridging Role of Television in Immigrant Political Socialization , 1990 .

[22]  T. Grimes,et al.  Audio-video correspondence and its role in attention and memory , 1990 .

[23]  B. Wilcox.  Pornography, Social Science, and Politics: When Research and Ideology Collide , 1987 .

[24]  Newspaper presentation of America's aged: a content analysis of image and role. , 1982, The Gerontologist.

[25]  Issue Obtrusiveness and the Agenda-Setting Effects of National Network News , 1989 .

[26]  L. Snyder,et al.  Of Cultural Import Foreign Media and the Desire to Emigrate from Belize , 1991 .

[27]  Robert Kubey,et al.  Television Use in Everyday Life: Coping with Unstructured Time. , 1986 .

[28]  L. Rowell Huesmann,et al.  Intervening Variables in the TV Violence-Aggression Relation: Evidence from Two Countries. , 1984 .

[29]  Robert S. Wyer,et al.  Determinants of Product Evaluation: Effects of the Time Interval between Knowledge of a Product's Country of Origin and Information about Its Specific Attributes , 1990 .

[30]  G. Salomon.  Interaction of media, cognition and learning , 1979 .

[31]  T. K. Clarke,et al.  A New Perspective of Subliminal Perception , 1985 .

[32]  Roger Jon Desmond,et al.  Adolescents and music lyrics: Implications of a cognitive perspective , 1987 .

[33]  Doris A. Graber,et al.  Seeing is remembering: How visuals contribute to learning from television news , 1990 .

[34]  M.,et al.  BLACKS IN THE NEWS : TELEVISION , MODERN RACISM AND CULTURAL CHANGE , 2022 .

[35]  W. James Potter,et al.  Perceived reality in television effects research , 1988 .

[36]  J. Wober.  Televised Violence and Paranoid Perception: The View from Great Britain , 1978 .

[37]  B. Luebke.  Out of focus: Images of women and men in newspaper photographs , 1989 .

[38]  Sandra L. Calvert.  Television production feature effects on children's comprehension of time☆ , 1988 .

[39]  Jane M. Healy.  Endangered Minds: Why Our Children Don't Think , 1990 .

[40]  Roger Parham-Brown,et al.  When I Was a Child I Thought as a Child , 1987 .

[41]  P. Andersen,et al.  CANDIDATE VALENCE AS A PREDICTOR OF VOTER PREFERENCE , 1978 .

[42]  Children's Reported Investment of Mental Effort When Viewing Television , 1991 .

[43]  Janis Peacock Bellack,et al.  The disappearance of childhood , 1986 .

[44]  Robert M. Entman,et al.  Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm , 1993 .

[45]  Jennings Bryant,et al.  Pornography and Sexual Callousness, and the Trivialization of Rape , 1982 .

[46]  J. Pauly.  Milestones in Mass Communication Research , 1988 .

[47]  V. Quinsey,et al.  Sexual arousal to nonsexual violence and sadomasochistic themes among rapists and non sex-offenders. , 1984, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[48]  P. Dietz,et al.  Detective magazines: pornography for the sexual sadist? , 1986, Journal of forensic sciences.

[49]  Leo Bogart,et al.  The Age of Television , 1959 .

[50]  L. Berkowitz,et al.  Effects of movie violence on aggression in a field setting as a function of group dominance and cohesion. , 1975, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[51]  Marites F. Piñon,et al.  How Children Reacted to Televised Coverage of the Space Shuttle Disaster , 1989 .

[52]  Janet Ward Schofield,et al.  The Day After: The impact of a media event. , 1985 .

[53]  Patricia Baggett.  Structurally equivalent stories in movie and text and the effect of the medium on recall. , 1979 .

[54]  Patricia M. Greenfield,et al.  The Program-Length Commercial: A Study of the Effects of Television/ Toy Tie-Ins on Imaginative Play , 1990 .

[55]  Michael A. Shapiro,et al.  Memory and Decision Processes in the Construction of Social Reality , 1991 .

[56]  T. Grimes,et al.  Mild auditory-visual dissonance in television news may exceed viewer attentional capacity , 1991 .

[57]  Ron Tamborini,et al.  Reacting to Graphic Horror , 1990 .

[58]  R. Rubin,et al.  Development of parasocial interaction relationships , 1987 .

[59]  W. Lambert,et al.  Children's views of foreign peoples : a cross-national study , 1967 .

[60]  Ron Tamborini,et al.  Predictors of Horror Film Attendance and Appeal , 1987 .

[61]  John Condry,et al.  The psychology of television , 1989 .

[62]  N. Malamuth,et al.  Rape fantasies as a function of exposure to violent sexual stimuli , 1981, Archives of sexual behavior.

[63]  J. Goldstein,et al.  Reporting science : the case of aggression , 1987 .

[64]  B. S. Centerwall.  Exposure to Television as a Cause of Violence , 1989 .

[65]  J. Coakley,et al.  Sports in Society: Issues and Controversies , 1978 .

[66]  M. Slater.  Processing Social Information in Messages , 1990 .

[67]  Jeanne M. Meadowcroft,et al.  Influence of Story Schema Development on Children's Attention to Television , 1989 .

[68]  C. H. Hansen,et al.  Rock Music Videos and Antisocial Behavior , 1990 .

[69]  A. Bandura,et al.  Developmental psychology : Bandura , Ross and Ross ( 1961 ) Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models , 2015 .

[70]  D J HICKS,et al.  IMITATION AND RETENTION OF FILM-MEDIATED AGGRESSIVE PEER AND ADULT MODELS. , 1965, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[71]  S. Brabant.  Sex role stereotyping in the Sunday comics , 1976 .

[72]  Jacob J. Wakshlag,et al.  Perceived vulnerability to crime, criminal victimization experience, and television viewing , 1986 .

[73]  F. E. Barcus.  Images of life on children's television: Sex roles, minorities, and families , 1983 .

[74]  David T. MacFarland.  Contemporary Radio Programming Strategies , 1990 .

[75]  Charles K. Atkin,et al.  Learning about Minorities from Television: The Research Agenda. , 1978 .

[76]  Shelley E. Taylor.  Judgment under uncertainty: The availability bias in social perception and interaction , 1982 .

[77]  P. Reid.  Racial Stereotyping on Television: A Comparison of the Behavior of Both Black and White Television Characters , 1979 .

[78]  S. Feshbach.  The Role of Fantasy in the Response to Television , 1976 .

[79]  K Pezdek,et al.  Children's television viewing: attention and comprehension of auditory versus visual information. , 1983, Child development.

[80]  D. S. Taylor,et al.  A Methodological Examination of Cultivation , 1988 .

[81]  R. Davis,et al.  Tv's Image of the Elderly: A Practical Guide for Change , 1985 .

[82]  R. Harris,et al.  The effect of repetition on the discrimination of asserted and implied claims in advertising , 1980, Applied Psycholinguistics.

[83]  M. J. Robinson,et al.  Over the Wire and on TV: CBS and UPI in Campaign '80. , 1984 .

[84]  B. Watkins.  Children's Representations of Television and Real-Life Stories , 1988 .

[85]  Paula W. Matabane.  Television and the Black Audience: Cultivating Moderate Perspectives on Racial Integration , 1988 .

[86]  Clifford Nass,et al.  Influences of Family Communication on Children's Television-Interpretation Processes , 1990 .

[87]  Joanne Cantor,et al.  EMOTIONAL RESPONSES TO A TELEVISED NUCLEAR HOLOCAUST FILM , 1986 .

[88]  J. Bancroft,et al.  Autonomic correlates of penile erection. , 1971, Journal of psychosomatic research.

[89]  D. L. Moore,et al.  Time Compression, Response Opportunity, and Persuasion , 1986 .

[90]  A. Rubin.  Television uses and gratifications: The interactions of viewing patterns and motivations , 1983 .

[91]  J D Read,et al.  Subliminal messages. Between the devil and the media. , 1985, The American psychologist.

[92]  George Comstock,et al.  Television and Human Behavior , 1975 .

[93]  Philip Palmgreen,et al.  Uses and Gratifications: A Theoretical Perspective , 1984 .

[94]  Samuel Ball,et al.  A Summary of the Major Findings from "Reading with Television: An Evaluation of the Electric Company.". , 1973 .

[95]  M B Cassata,et al.  The older adult in daytime serial drama. , 1980, The Journal of communication.

[96]  S. Glantz,et al.  Tobacco Advertising and Consumption: Evidence of a Causal Relationship , 1987, Journal of public health policy.

[97]  Barrie Gunter,et al.  Behind and in front of the screen: Television's involvement with family life , 1987 .

[98]  J. Douglas Storey,et al.  News of Latin America on network television, 1972–1981: A northern perspective on the Southern Hemisphere , 1986 .

[99]  The Effect of Sexual Embedding on Responses to Magazine Advertisements , 1985 .

[100]  Elizabeth M. Perse,et al.  Soap opera viewing patterns of college students and cultivation , 1986 .

[101]  A. Siegel.  Film-mediated fantasy aggression and strength of aggressive drive. , 1956, Child development.

[102]  Michael Morgan,et al.  Cultivation Analysis: New Directions in Media Effects Research , 1989 .

[103]  R. Baron.  Heightened sexual arousal and physical aggression: An extension to females , 1979 .

[104]  P. Greenfield,et al.  What is Rock Music Doing to the Minds of our Youth? A First Experimental Look at the Effects of Rock Music Lyrics and Music Videos , 1987 .

[105]  Nancy Carlsson-Paige.  Who's Calling the Shots?: How to Respond Effectively to Children's Fascination With War Play and War Toys , 1989 .

[106]  Charles K. Atkin,et al.  Mass Communication and Public Health: Complexities and Conflicts , 1990 .

[107]  Gail A. Herndon.  The chronicle of higher education , 1977 .

[108]  A. Greenwald,et al.  Double-Blind Tests of Subliminal Self-Help Audiotapes , 1991, Psychological Science.

[109]  N. Malamuth,et al.  Sexual arousal to rape and consenting depictions: the importance of the woman's arousal. , 1980, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[110]  Aimee Dorr,et al.  Television Literacy for Young Children , 1980 .

[111]  Barbara J. Wilson.  Children's Reactions to Dreams Conveyed in Mass Media Programming , 1991 .

[112]  D. P. Hartmann,et al.  Children's aggression following competition and exposure to an aggressive model. , 1969, Child development.

[113]  M. Morgan.  International Cultivation Analysis , 1990 .

[114]  Arvind Singhal,et al.  India's Information Revolution , 1989 .

[115]  L. Berkowitz,et al.  Victim reactions in aggressive erotic films as a factor in violence against women. , 1981, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[116]  M. S. Heller,et al.  Studies in Violence and Television. , 1976 .

[117]  T. Coffin,et al.  THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTION NIGHT TELEVISION BROADCASTS IN A CLOSE ELECTION , 1971 .

[118]  Berl Kutchinsky,et al.  The Effect of Easy Availability of Pornography on the Incidence of Sex Crimes: The Danish Experience , 1973 .

[119]  Jessica Beagles-Roos,et al.  Specific impact of radio and television on children's story comprehension. , 1983 .

[120]  Ivan L. Preston.  The Great American Blow-Up: Puffery in Advertising and Selling , 1975 .

[121]  J. Galloway,et al.  The state of the union. , 1970, Lancet.

[122]  Patricia M. Greenfield,et al.  Is the Medium the Message?: an Experimental Comparison of the Efkts of Radio and Television on Imagination , 2022 .

[123]  Ian Bailey.  In Its Own Image: How Television Has Transformed Sports , 1986 .

[124]  G. Love,et al.  Sex on the Soap Operas: Patterns of Intimacy , 1981 .

[125]  Elizabeth F. Loftus,et al.  Memory for traumatic events , 1987 .

[126]  N. Malamuth,et al.  Ethical issues and exposure to rape stimuli: a reply to Sherif. , 1980, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[127]  M. J. Intons-Peterson,et al.  Will Educational Materials Reduce Negative Effects of Exposure to Sexual Violence , 1989 .

[128]  N. el-Guebaly,et al.  Mental Illness and the Media: Part II. Content Analysis of Press Coverage of Mental Health Topics , 1986, Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie.

[129]  James E. Johnson,et al.  Critical Thinking: A Functional Approach , 1991 .

[130]  P. Meyer.  News media responsiveness to public health. , 1990 .

[131]  Norman J. Medoff,et al.  Excitation and hedonic valence in the effect of erotica on motivated Intermale aggression , 1981 .

[132]  H. H. Kassarjian.  The Negro and American Advertising, 1946–1965 , 1969 .

[133]  Manuel Alvarado,et al.  Learning the Media: An Introduction to Media Teaching , 1987 .

[134]  Edna Einsiedel,et al.  The British, Canadian, and U.S. Pornography Commissions and Their Use of Social Science Research , 1988 .

[135]  E. Rothenbuhler.  The Living Room Celebration of the Olympic Games , 1988 .

[136]  Mary C. Gilly,et al.  Sex Roles in Advertising: A Comparison of Television Advertisements in Australia, Mexico, and the United States , 1988 .

[137]  Effects of salience of rape on sex role attitudes, trust, and self‐esteem in non‐raped women , 1983 .

[138]  Marsha B. Liss,et al.  Ethnicity and Children's TV Preferences , 1980 .

[139]  W. James Potter,et al.  Perceived reality and the cultivation hypothesis , 1986 .

[140]  J. Difranza,et al.  Who profits from tobacco sales to children? , 1990, JAMA.

[141]  E. Blanchard,et al.  The components of rapists' sexual arousal. , 1977, Archives of general psychiatry.

[142]  Anthony G. Greenwald,et al.  Recent perspectives on unconscious processing: Still no marketing applications , 1988 .

[143]  D. Singer,et al.  Television, Imagination, and Aggression: A Study of Preschoolers , 1981 .

[144]  W. Andrew Collins,et al.  The Plug-in Drug: Television, Children, and the Family. , 1986 .

[145]  F. Geis,et al.  Influence of television commercials on women's self-confidence and independent judgment. , 1980 .

[146]  T. M. Harrison,et al.  An Interpersonal Communication Perspective on Images of Political Candidates. , 1988 .

[147]  N. Malamuth,et al.  Sexual arousal in response to aggression: ideological, aggressive, and sexual correlates. , 1986, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[148]  A. A. Sheikh,et al.  Children's TV Commercials: A Review of Research , 1974 .

[149]  J. Salonen,et al.  Theory and action for health promotion illustrations from the North Karelia Project. , 1982, American journal of public health.

[150]  R. Harris,et al.  Memory for implied versus directly stated advertising claims , 1989 .

[151]  A. Huston,et al.  Televised Occupational Stereotypes and their Effects on Early Adolescents: Are they Changing? , 1987 .

[152]  Emile G. Mcanany,et al.  Television and crisis: ten years of network news coverage of Central America, 1972-1981 , 1983 .

[153]  D. Zillmann.  The logic of suspense and mystery. , 1991 .

[154]  James H. Wittebols.  The Politics and Coverage of Terrorism: From Media Images to Public Consciousness , 1991 .

[155]  K. Verfaillie,et al.  Watching Subtitled Television , 1991 .

[156]  F. Howell,et al.  Do High School Athletics Pay?: The Effects of Varsity Participation on Socioeconomic Attainment , 1984 .

[157]  Timothy E. Moore,et al.  The case against subliminal manipulation , 1988 .

[158]  Barbara J. Wilson,et al.  Reducing Fear Reactions to Mass Media: Effects of Visual Exposure and Verbal Explanation , 1987 .

[159]  Daniel Linz,et al.  The findings and recommendations of the Attorney General's Commission on Pornography: Do the psychological "facts" fit the political fury? , 1987 .

[160]  G. Gerbner,et al.  Women and minorities in television drama, 1969-1978 , 1979 .

[161]  C. H. Hansen,et al.  The Influence of Sex and Violence on the Appeal of Rock Music Videos , 1990 .

[162]  B. Reeves,et al.  Emotion and Memory Responses for Negative Political Advertising: A Study of Television Commercials Used in the 1988 Presidential Election. , 1989 .

[163]  John H. Court,et al.  Sex and Violence: A Ripple Effect , 1984 .

[164]  N. Signorielli.  The stigma of mental illness on television , 1989 .

[165]  Sharon S. Brehm,et al.  The Experience of Motivation: The Theory of Psychological Reversals. , 1983 .

[166]  A. Bandura,et al.  Social learning and personality development , 1964 .

[167]  T. V. D. Voort.  Television violence : a child's-eye view , 1986 .

[168]  M. R. Levy,et al.  Watching TV news as para‐social interaction , 1979 .

[169]  J. Mowen,et al.  Animated Host-Selling Advertisements: Their Impact on Young Children's Recognition, Attitudes, and Behavior , 1986 .

[170]  Robert P. Hawkins,et al.  UNIFORM MESSAGES AND HABITUAL VIEWING: UNNECESSARY ASSUMPTIONS IN SOCIAL REALITY EFFECTS , 1981 .

[171]  N. Malamuth,et al.  Sexual arousal to rape depictions: individual differences. , 1983, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[172]  Lynda Lee Kaid,et al.  Negative versus Positive Television Advertising in U.S. Presidential Campaigns, 1960–1988 , 1991 .

[173]  C. T. Salmon.  Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media , 1989 .

[174]  Brian R. Flay,et al.  Effective mass communication strategies for health campaigns. , 1990 .

[175]  Mabel L. Rice,et al.  Development of television viewing patterns in early childhood: A longitudinal investigation. , 1990 .

[176]  M. Cantor,et al.  AMERICAN TELEVISION IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETPLACE , 1986 .

[177]  David W. Schumann,et al.  Predicting the Effectiveness of Different Strategies of Advertising Variation: A Test of the Repetition-Variation Hypotheses , 1990 .

[178]  H. H. Schaefer,et al.  The effect of pornography on penile tumescence as a function of reinforcement and novelty , 1977 .

[179]  E. Maibach,et al.  Cognitive Responses to AIDS Information , 1990 .

[180]  Samuel Ball,et al.  The first year of Sesame Street : an evaluation : a report to the Children's Television Workshop , 1970 .

[181]  Arthur C. Graesser,et al.  Wit and humor in discourse processing , 1988 .

[182]  D. Linz.  Sexual violence in the media : effects on male viewers and implications for society , 1985 .

[183]  Ariella Lehrer,et al.  The relationship between reading and cognitive processing of television and radio , 1984 .

[184]  G. Wilhoit,et al.  “All in the Family” in Holland , 1976 .

[185]  Barbara J. Wilson.  Reducing Children's Emotional Reactions to Mass Media Through Rehearsed Explanationand Exposure to a Replica of a Fear Object , 1987 .

[186]  R. Hawkins,et al.  The Ups and Downs of Attention to Television , 1991 .

[187]  Annie Lang.  Involuntary Attention and Physiological Arousal Evoked by Structural Features and Emotional Content in TV Commercials , 1990 .

[188]  Daniel Linz,et al.  The Effects of Multiple Exposures to Filmed Violence Against Women , 1984 .

[189]  L. L. Kaid,et al.  An Experimental Study of the Effectiveness of Negative Political Advertisements. , 1987 .

[190]  Haruo Hayashi,et al.  Pornography in Japan: Cross-Cultural and Theoretical Considerations , 1984 .

[191]  R. Kubey,et al.  Television and aging: past, present, and future. , 1980, The Gerontologist.

[192]  E. Donnerstein,et al.  Erotic stimuli and aggression: facilitation or inhibition. , 1975, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[193]  J. Bryant,et al.  Humor in the Mass Media , 1983 .

[194]  A. Rubin,et al.  Audience Activity and Television News Gratifications , 1987 .

[195]  Gina M. Garramone.  Effects of negative political advertising: The roles of sponsor and rebuttal , 1985 .

[196]  J. Cantor,et al.  The portrayal of men and women in U.S. television commercials: A recent content analysis and trends over 15 years , 1988 .

[197]  J. Cantor,et al.  Children's Fear Responses to Mass Media: Testing Some Piagetian Predictions , 1984 .

[198]  R. H. Walters,et al.  Imitative behavior of distrubed and nondisturbed children following exposure to aggressive and nonaggressive models. , 1968, Child Development.

[199]  Neil Vidmar,et al.  Archie Bunker's Bigotry: A Study in Selective Perception and Exposure , 1974 .

[200]  David L. Paletz.  Symposium: Uneasy Bedfellows: Social Science and Pornography: Pornography, Politics, and the Press: The U.S. Attorney General's Commission on Pornography. , 1988 .

[201]  L. Gross,et al.  Health and medicine on television. , 1981, The New England journal of medicine.

[202]  T. S. Robertson,et al.  Children and Commercial Persuasion: An Attribution Theory Analysis , 1974 .

[203]  M. R. Levy,et al.  Social Contexts of Video Use , 1987 .

[204]  R. E. Rainville,et al.  Extent of Covert Racial Prejudice in Pro Football Announcers' Speech , 1977 .

[205]  C. Atkin,et al.  Effects of negative political advertising on the political process , 1990 .

[206]  L. Berkowitz,et al.  Some effects of thoughts on anti- and prosocial influences of media events: a cognitive-neoassociation analysis. , 1984, Psychological bulletin.

[207]  L. Devlin.  Contrasts in Presidential Campaign Commercials of 1992 , 1989 .

[208]  J. Bryant,et al.  The Methods and Merits of Pornography Research , 1988 .

[209]  Seymour Feshbach,et al.  Testing hypotheses regarding rape: Exposure to sexual violence, sex differences, and the “normality” of rapists , 1980 .

[210]  W. Beeman.  The Cultural Role of the Media in Iran: The Revolution of 1978-1979 and After , 1984 .

[211]  Barbara J. Wilson,et al.  Children's Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Techniques to Reduce Fear from Mass Media , 1987 .

[212]  J. Suls.  Cognitive Processes in Humor Appreciation , 1983 .

[213]  W. Wood,et al.  Effects of media violence on viewers' aggression in unconstrained social interaction. , 1991, Psychological bulletin.

[214]  D. Fuchs.  ELECTION-DAY RADIO-TELEVISION AND WESTERN VOTING , 1966 .

[215]  H. Mendelsohn.  WESTERN VOTING AND BROADCASTS OF RESULTS ON PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION DAYELECTION DAY BROADCASTS AND TERMINAL VOTING DECISIONS , 1966 .

[216]  Jay G. Blumler,et al.  Television in politics : its uses and influence , 1968 .

[217]  Michael Morgan,et al.  Political Correlates of Television Viewing , 1984 .

[218]  R. Goldstein,et al.  Attention to television: intrastimulus effects of movement and scene changes on alpha variation over time. , 1985, The International journal of neuroscience.

[219]  R. Liebert,et al.  The early window: Effects of television on children and youth, 3rd ed. , 1973 .

[220]  M. Stutts,et al.  Program-Commercial Separators in Children's Television: Do they Help a Child Tell the Difference between Bugs Bunny and the Quik Rabbit? , 1981 .

[221]  G. Gorn.  The Role of Educational Television in Changing the Intergroup Attitudes of Children , 1976 .

[222]  J. Hallam,et al.  Facilitating effects of erotica on aggression against women. , 1978, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[223]  J. Rosenbaum,et al.  Sex, violence and rock ‘n’ roll: Youths’ perceptions of popular music , 1987 .

[224]  R. Hawkins,et al.  U.S. programs on Australian television: the cultivation effect. , 1981, The Journal of communication.

[225]  R. D. Young,et al.  Emotional reactions to dramatic film stimuli: the influence of cognitive and emotional empathy. , 1987, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[226]  Alan M. Rubin,et al.  An Examination of Television Viewing Motivations , 1981 .

[227]  E. Wartella,et al.  How children learn to buy : the development of consumer information-processing skills , 1977 .

[228]  D. P. Hartmann.  Influence of symbolically modeled instrumental aggression and pain cues on aggressive behavior. , 1969, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[229]  Gaye Tuchman.  Making News: A Study in the Construction of Reality , 1978 .

[230]  E. Greene,et al.  Of private talk and public print: General pre‐trial publicity and juror decision‐making , 1988 .

[231]  J. Summers,et al.  “What you see is what you get” , 2005 .

[232]  Michael Morgan,et al.  Charting the Mainstream: Television's Contributions to Political Orientations , 1982 .

[233]  L. R. Huesmann,et al.  Growing up to be violent : a longitudinal study of the development of aggression , 1977 .

[234]  E. Rogers,et al.  Prosocial television for development in India. , 1989 .

[235]  R. Perloff.  Ego-Involvement and the Third Person Effect of Televised News Coverage , 1989 .

[236]  Jennings Bryant,et al.  Effects of Massive Exposure to Pornography , 1984 .

[237]  Michael Morgan,et al.  Scientists on the TV screen , 1981 .

[238]  B. Kutchinsky.  Pornography and rape: theory and practice? Evidence from crime data in four countries where pornography is easily available. , 1991, International journal of law and psychiatry.

[239]  James F. Larson.  Television and U.S. Foreign Policy: The Case of the Iran Hostage Crisis , 1986 .

[240]  Gina M. Garramone.  Voter Responses to Negative Political Ads , 1984 .

[241]  E. Wartella,et al.  Television and Beyond , 1990 .

[242]  Robert M. Entman,et al.  Modern racism and the images of blacks in local television news , 1990 .

[243]  W. Marshall,et al.  The vulnerability of erectile measures to repeated assessments. , 1988, Behaviour research and therapy.

[244]  H. Lasswell.  Propaganda technique in the world war , 1938 .

[245]  D. Singer,et al.  Differential effects of television programming on preschoolers' cognition, imagination, and social play. , 1979, The American journal of orthopsychiatry.

[246]  James G. Webster,et al.  Measuring exposure to television , 1985 .

[247]  Joseph R. Dominick,et al.  The image of women in network TV commercials , 1972 .

[248]  Lawrence C. Soley.  The Effect of Black Models on Magazine Ad Readership , 1983 .

[249]  J. Comstock,et al.  Interpersonal interaction on television: Family conflict and jealousy on primetime , 1990 .

[250]  M. Morgan,et al.  Television and the Cultivation of Political Attitudes in Argentina , 1991 .

[251]  A. Huston,et al.  Television violence and aggression: the debate continues. , 1986, Psychological bulletin.

[252]  James A. Anderson,et al.  Teaching critical television viewing skills : an integrated approach , 1982 .

[253]  R. Harris,et al.  Consenting to donate organs: whose wishes carry the most weight? , 1991, Journal of applied social psychology.

[254]  Frank F. Mankiewicz,et al.  Remote Control: Television and the Manipulation of American Life , 1978 .

[255]  P. Mcghee.  Humor, its origin and development , 1979 .

[256]  Sari Thomas.  Gender and social‐class coding in popular photographic erotica , 1986 .

[257]  Barrie Gunter,et al.  Dimensions of television violence , 1985 .

[258]  F. Corcoran.  KAL 007 and the evil empire: Mediated disaster and forms of rationalization , 1986 .

[259]  Garland G. Hunnicutt,et al.  Can Young Children Understand Disclaimers in Television Commercials , 1987 .

[260]  Jennings Bryant,et al.  Pornography's Impact on Sexual Satisfaction1 , 1988 .

[261]  C. Berg.  Stereotyping in films in general and of the Hispanic in particular , 1990 .

[262]  K. Durkin.  Television and sex‐role acquisition. 2: Effects , 1985 .

[263]  Ronald Garay.  Television's window on the world: International affairs coverage on the U.S. networks , 1986, J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci..

[264]  K. Schneider,et al.  Trends in Sex Roles in Television Commercials , 1979 .

[265]  F. Fejes.  Images of Men in Media Research. , 1989 .

[266]  Gerald C. Stone.  Examining newspapers : what research reveals about America's newspapers , 1987 .

[267]  D. Linz.  Mitigating the Influence of Violence on Television and Sexual Violence in the Media , 1986 .

[268]  Daniel Kahneman,et al.  Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability , 1973 .

[269]  Dale L Kunkel,et al.  Children and the Media Environment , 1990 .

[270]  Charles R. Corder-Bolz.  Mediation: The Role of Significant Others , 1980 .

[271]  A. Rubin,et al.  LONELINESS, PARASOCIAL INTERACTION, AND LOCAL TELEVISION NEWS VIEWING , 1985 .

[272]  William R. Elliott,et al.  Television's influence on social reality , 1982 .

[273]  Hans-Bernd Brosius,et al.  The Agenda-Setting Function of Television News , 1990 .

[274]  Ron Tamborini,et al.  Responding to horror: Determinants of exposure and appeal. , 1991 .

[275]  L. Teplin.  The criminality of the mentally ill: a dangerous misconception. , 1985, The American journal of psychiatry.

[276]  B S Centerwall,et al.  Exposure to television as a risk factor for violence. , 1989, American journal of epidemiology.

[277]  J. Howard,et al.  The impact of television , 1967 .

[278]  B. Greenberg,et al.  Quantity and quality of sex in the soaps , 1985 .

[279]  R. Dreyer.  All in the family. , 1990, RDH.

[280]  Brown Jd,et al.  Public health campaigns: mass media strategies. , 1990 .

[281]  James A. Brown.  Television ', Critical Viewing Skills', Education: Major Media Literacy Projects in the United States and Selected Countries , 1991 .

[282]  L. Breslow.  Risk factor intervention for health maintenance. , 1978, Science.

[283]  Andrew Haynes,et al.  Image of women in television advertising , 1988 .

[284]  Alan M. Rubin,et al.  Psychological Predictors of Television Viewing Motivation , 1991 .

[285]  Tapio Varis,et al.  The International Flow of Television Programs , 1984 .

[286]  Leonard A. White,et al.  Erotica and aggression: The influence of sexual arousal, positive affect, and negative affect on aggressive behavior. , 1979 .

[287]  W. Brown,et al.  Ethical dilemmas of prosocial television , 1990 .

[288]  V. Russo.  The celluloid closet : homosexuality in the movies , 1987 .

[289]  S. Presser,et al.  Questions and Answers in Attitude Surveys: Experiments on Question Form, Wording, and Context , 1996 .

[290]  E. Donnerstein,et al.  Aggressive erotica and violence against women. , 1980, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[291]  S. Penrod,et al.  The Question of Pornography: Research Findings and Policy Implications , 1987 .

[292]  D. Singer,et al.  Can TV Stimulate Imaginative Play , 1976 .

[293]  Young children's comprehension of montage. , 1985, Child development.

[294]  J. Loomis,et al.  Race relations on prime time television. , 1980 .

[295]  D. Zillmann,et al.  Effect of Erotica on Young Men's Aesthetic Perception of Their Female Sexual Partners , 1984 .

[296]  Abhijit Biswas,et al.  The Use of Blacks in Magazine and Television Advertising: 1946 to 1986 , 1990 .

[297]  Dale L Kunkel.  Children and Host-Selling Television Commercials , 1988 .

[298]  I. Levin,et al.  How Consumers Are Affected by the Framing of Attribute Information Before and After Consuming the Product , 1988 .

[299]  Jennings Bryant,et al.  Effects of Prolonged Consumption of Pornography on Family Values , 1988 .

[300]  Allan Collins,et al.  A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing , 1975 .

[301]  M. R. Levy,et al.  AUDIENCE ACTIVITY AND GRATIFICATIONS , 1984 .

[302]  Brian Groombridge,et al.  The Effects of Mass Communication , 1965, Mental Health.

[303]  Steven McDermott,et al.  Television and Race Role Socialization , 1983 .

[304]  R. Kessler,et al.  Clustering of teenage suicides after television news stories about suicides: a reconsideration. , 1988, The American journal of psychiatry.

[305]  B. Gunter,et al.  Television audience research at Britain's independent broadcasting authority, 1974–1984 , 1986 .

[306]  W. Marshall,et al.  Anger and deviant sexual arousal , 1984 .

[307]  Joel Saegert.  Why marketing should quit giving subliminal advertising the benefit of the doubt , 1987 .

[308]  M. Just,et al.  Cognitive processes in comprehension , 1977 .

[309]  Charles R. Wright,et al.  Mass Communication: A Sociological Perspective , 1975 .

[310]  M. Zanna,et al.  Treating Women as Sexual Objects , 1990 .

[311]  A. Huston,et al.  Children's auditory and visual processing of narrated and nonnarrated television programming. , 1991, Journal of experimental child psychology.

[312]  G. Salomon.  Television is "easy" and print is "tough": The differential investment of mental effort in learning as a function of perceptions and attributions. , 1984 .

[313]  Dennis T. Lowry,et al.  Soap Opera Portrayals of Sex, Contraception, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases. , 1989 .

[314]  Michael Morgan,et al.  Television and Adolescents' Sex-Role Stereotypes: A Longitudinal Study , 1982 .

[315]  Steven H. Chaffee,et al.  Time of Decision and Media Use During the Ford-Carter Campaign , 1980 .

[316]  J. Bryant,et al.  Pornography, sexual callousness, and the trivialization of rape. , 1982, The Journal of communication.

[317]  William Bailey Lockhart,et al.  The report of the Commission on Obscenity and Pornography , 1970 .

[318]  F. Geis,et al.  TV commercials as achievement scripts for women , 1984 .

[319]  William J. McGuire,et al.  The Myth of Massive Media Impact: Savagings and Salvagings , 1986 .

[320]  N. Alperstein.  Imaginary social relationships with celebrities appearing in television commercials , 1991 .

[321]  Robert P. Hawkins,et al.  Searching for Cognitive Processes in the Cultivation Effect Adult and Adolescent Samples in the United States and Australia , 1987 .

[322]  A. Bandura,et al.  Imitation of film-mediated agressive models. , 1963, Journal of abnormal and social psychology.

[323]  George M. Zinkhan,et al.  The Effect of Repetition on Humor in a Radio Advertising Study , 1985 .

[324]  R. Drabman,et al.  Does watching violence on television cause apathy? , 1976, Pediatrics.

[325]  S. Penrod,et al.  Using Psychological Research on Violent Pornography to Inform Legal Change , 1984 .

[326]  Jennings Bryant,et al.  Empathy: Affect from bearing witness to the emotions of others. , 1991 .

[327]  L. R. Huesmann,et al.  Does television violence cause aggression? , 1972, The American psychologist.

[328]  P. Homer,et al.  Physical Attractiveness of the Celebrity Endorser: A Social Adaptation Perspective , 1985 .

[329]  B. Greenberg.  Some uncommon television images and the Drench hypothesis. , 1988 .

[330]  S. Penrod,et al.  Bases of Liability for Injuries Produced by Media Portrayals of Violent Pornography , 1984 .

[331]  E F Loftus,et al.  Mental shock can produce retrograde amnesia , 1982, Memory & cognition.

[332]  James Shanteau,et al.  Organ Donation and Transplantation: Psychological and Behavioral Factors , 1990 .

[333]  E. Donnerstein,et al.  Mitigating the Negative Effects of Sexually Violent Mass Communications Through Preexposure Briefings , 1990 .

[334]  W L Haskell,et al.  Effects of communitywide education on cardiovascular disease risk factors. The Stanford Five-City Project. , 1990, JAMA.

[335]  N. Malamuth,et al.  Penile Tumescence and Perceptual Responses to Rape as a Function of Victim's Perceived Reactions1 , 1980 .

[336]  Jef I. Richards,et al.  Consumer Miscomprehension as a Challenge to FTC Prosecutions of Deceptive Advertising, 19 J. Marshall L. Rev. 605 (1986) , 1986 .

[337]  Thomas J. Volgy,et al.  TV Entertainment Programming and Sociopolitical Attitudes , 1980 .

[338]  W. James Potter,et al.  Examining Cultivation From a Psychological Perspective , 1991 .

[339]  D. Morley.  Family Television: Cultural Power and Domestic Leisure , 1986 .

[340]  K. Durkin.  Television and sex-role acquisition. 1: Content. , 1985, The British journal of social psychology.

[341]  How Can We Learn about Children and Television , 1987 .

[342]  Aletha C. Huston,et al.  The Forms of Television and the Child Viewer , 1989 .

[343]  Norbert Mundorf,et al.  Effects of Disturbing News on Recall of Subsequently Presented News , 1990 .

[344]  Anthony N. Doob,et al.  Television viewing and fear of victimization: Is the relationship causal? , 1979 .

[345]  J. Jennings.  Influence of Television Commercials on Women's Self-Confidence and Independent Judgment. , 1980 .

[346]  D. Zillmann,et al.  Effects of gender roles and self perceptions on affective reactions to horror films , 1989 .

[347]  B. L. Sherman,et al.  Violence and Sex in Music Videos: TV and Rock n' Roll. , 1986 .

[348]  J. Seggar,et al.  Television's portrayals of minorities and women in drama and comedy drama 1971‐80 , 1981 .

[349]  M. R. Levy,et al.  Some Problems of VCR Research , 1987 .

[350]  Kimberly A. Neuendorf,et al.  The soaps: What's on and who cares? , 1982 .

[351]  J. E. Russo,et al.  Identifying Misleading Advertising , 1981 .

[352]  S. West,et al.  Some Effects of Violent and Nonviolent Movies on the Behavior of Juvenile Delinquents , 1977 .

[353]  G. Murray.  Press and the Public , 1938, Nature.

[354]  H. Brosius,et al.  The Newsworthiness of International Terrorism , 1991 .

[355]  Barbara J. Wilson.  Desensitizing Children's Emotional Reactions to the Mass Media , 1989 .

[356]  P. Hirsch.  The “Scary World” of the Nonviewer and Other Anomalies , 1980 .

[357]  Pamela J. Shoemaker,et al.  Deviance as a Predictor of Newsworthiness: Coverage of International Events in the U.S. Media , 1987 .

[358]  John P. Robinson,et al.  Television News and the Informed Public: An Information-Processing Approach. , 1990 .

[359]  N. Kerr,et al.  Free press and fair trial: The role of behavioral research , 2015 .

[360]  W. Brewer,et al.  The nature and functions of schemas. , 1984 .

[361]  T. Pyszczynski,et al.  Effects of Erotica Upon Men's Loving and Liking Responses for Women They Love , 1978 .

[362]  A. Rubin,et al.  The uses and dependency model of mass communication , 1986 .

[363]  Donald S. Hayes,et al.  Preschoolers' retention of televised events: Is a picture worth a thousand words? , 1980 .

[364]  N. Buerkel-Rothfuss,et al.  Soap Opera Viewing: The Cultivation Effect. , 1981 .

[365]  A. Bandura,et al.  INFLUENCE OF MODEL'S REINFORCEMENT CONTINGENCIES ON THE ACQUISITION OF IMITATIVE RESPONSES. , 1965, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[366]  E M Rogers,et al.  Pro-development soap operas: a novel approach to development communication. , 1989, Media development.

[367]  Richard F. Yalch.  Memory in a jingle jungle: Music as a mnemonic device in communicating advertising slogans. , 1991 .

[368]  D. Singer,et al.  Helping Elementary School Children Learn About TV , 1980 .

[369]  R. Burdick,et al.  Preschoolers' Ability to Distinguish between Television Programming and Commercials , 1982 .

[370]  Charles R. Corder-Bolz,et al.  The effects of television on children's stereotyping of women's work roles , 1978 .

[371]  D. Phillips,et al.  Imitative suicides: a national study of the effects of television news stories. , 1982, American sociological review.

[372]  K. Rosengren,et al.  Media gratifications research : current perspectives , 1985 .

[373]  Sharon Lee Hammond,et al.  Reaching those at Risk , 1990 .

[374]  Replays as repetitions: Young children's interpretation of television forms☆ , 1986 .

[375]  Stanley J. Baran,et al.  Mass communication and everyday life: A perspective on theory and effects , 1981 .

[376]  Samuel P. Wallace,et al.  Family interactions on primetime television: A descriptive analysis of assertive power interactions , 1990 .

[377]  D. K. Davis,et al.  Sexism on MTV: The Portrayal of Women in Rock Videos , 1987 .

[378]  L. R. Huesmann,et al.  Mitigating the imitation of aggressive behaviors by changing children's attitudes about media violence. , 1983, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[379]  Barry S. Sapolsky,et al.  Arousal, Affect, and the Aggression-Moderating Effect of Erotica , 1984 .

[380]  Prime-time television portrayals of older adults in the context of family life. , 1988, The Gerontologist.

[381]  Sexual responsiveness of college students to rape depictions: inhibitory and disinhibitory effects. , 1980, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[382]  L. Berkowitz,et al.  SOME ASPECTS OF OBSERVED AGGRESSION. , 1965, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[383]  M. Morgan.  Cultivation Analysis: Conceptualization and Methodology , 1990 .

[384]  Ann N. Crigler,et al.  Thirty Seconds or Thirty Minutes: What Viewers Learn from Spot Advertisements and Candidate Debates , 1990 .

[385]  M. A. Borges,et al.  Attitudes Toward Aging. , 1976 .

[386]  Michael Morgan,et al.  Living with Television: The Dynamics of the Cultivation Process , 1986 .

[387]  Robert S. Wyer,et al.  Effects of Country-of-Origin and Product-Attribute Information on Product Evaluation: An Information Processing Perspective , 1989 .

[388]  A. Rubin,et al.  Audience Activity and Soap Opera Involvement: A Uses and Effects Investigation. , 1987 .

[389]  Sharyne. Merritt.  Negative Political Advertising: Some Empirical Findings , 1984 .

[390]  Arthur C. Graesser,et al.  Inferences and text comprehension , 1990 .

[391]  E. Katz,et al.  The Uses of Mass Communications: Current Perspectives on Gratifications Research. Sage Annual Reviews of Communication Research Volume III. , 1975 .

[392]  Neil M. Malamuth,et al.  Aggression against Women: Cultural and Individual Causes , 1984 .

[393]  J. Meyrowitz,et al.  No Sense of Place: The Impact of Electronic Media on Social Behavior. , 1987 .

[394]  J. Colfax,et al.  THE PERPETUATION OF RACIAL STEREOTYPES: BLACKS IN MASS CIRCULATION MAGAZINE ADVERTISEMENTS , 1972 .

[395]  Joan Schleuder.  Inside the Agenda-Setting Process: How Political Advertising and TV News Prime Viewers Think about Issues and Candidates. , 1989 .

[396]  A. Tversky,et al.  Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases , 1974, Science.

[397]  R. L. Arms,et al.  Effects on the hostility of spectators of viewing aggressive sports. , 1979, Social psychology quarterly.

[398]  R. Rubin,et al.  Attribution in Social and Parasocial Relationships , 1989 .

[399]  Jane D. Brown,et al.  Race and gender in music videos: the same beat but a different drummer , 1986 .

[400]  P. Abramson,et al.  Thermographic measurement of sexual arousal: A discriminant validity analysis , 1981, Archives of sexual behavior.

[401]  S. Feshbach,et al.  The drive-reducing function of fantasy behavior. , 1955, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[402]  W. James Potter,et al.  The Relationships between First- and Second-Order Measures of Cultivation. , 1991 .

[403]  S. Page,et al.  Portrayal of Mental Illness in Canadian Newspapers * , 1986, Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie.

[404]  Lynn T. Lovdal,et al.  Sex role messages in television commercials: An update , 1989 .

[405]  J. Bryant,et al.  Responding to the screen : reception and reaction processes , 1991 .

[406]  M. S. Larson.  Interaction between Siblings in Primetime Television Families. , 1989 .

[407]  E. Herman,et al.  The Terrorism Industry : The Experts and Institutions That Shape Our View of Terror , 1990 .

[408]  C. E. Block.  White Backlash to Negro Ads: Fact or Fantasy? , 1972 .

[409]  Eugene F. Provenzo,et al.  Video Kids: Making Sense of Nintendo , 1991 .

[410]  R. Geen,et al.  The Catharsis of Aggression: An Evaluation of a Hypothesis , 1977 .

[411]  L. Gross,et al.  Aging with television: images on television drama and conceptions of social reality. , 1980, The Journal of communication.

[412]  A. Alali,et al.  Media Coverage of Terrorism: Methods of Diffusion , 1991 .

[413]  Pamela J. Shoemaker,et al.  Deviant Acts, Risky Business and U.S. Interests: The Newsworthiness of World Events , 1991 .

[414]  Stuart H. Surlin,et al.  Agreement with Opinionated TV Characters across Cultures , 1976 .

[415]  Richard Jackson Harris,et al.  Inferences in Information Processing , 1981 .

[416]  J. Singer,et al.  Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state. , 1962, Psychological review.

[417]  R. L. Arms,et al.  Effects of observing athletic contests on hostility. , 1971, Sociometry.

[418]  Doris A. Graber,et al.  Content and Meaning , 1989 .

[419]  E. Donnerstein,et al.  Physiological Desensitization and Judgments About Female Victims of Violence , 1989 .

[420]  J. Lemon.  Women and Blacks on Prime‐Time Television , 1977 .

[421]  R. Abelman.  From Here to Eternity Children's Acquisition of Understanding of Projective Size on Television , 1989 .

[422]  Van Horn,et al.  Pornography and Sexual Aggression , 1991 .

[423]  Norbert Mundorf,et al.  Effects of an opposite-gender companion's affect to horror on distress, delight, and attraction. , 1986 .

[424]  H. Hosch,et al.  Effects of sex and attitudes toward women on the processing of television commercials , 1986 .

[425]  Kjell Nowak,et al.  To Be or Not to Be in the TV World: Ontological and Methodological Aspects of Content Analysis , 1989 .

[426]  L. Gross,et al.  The “Mainstreaming” of America: Violence Profile No. 11 , 1980 .

[427]  S. Bruce.  Pray TV , 1990 .

[428]  J. Deighton,et al.  Reactions to Political Advertising Depend on the Nature of the Voter-Candidate Bond , 1991 .

[429]  D. Pearl,et al.  Television and behavior : ten years of scientific progress and implications for the eighties , 1982 .

[430]  D. Zillmann,et al.  Image Effects in the Appreciation of Video Rock , 1987 .

[431]  Douglas T. Kenrick,et al.  Influence of popular erotica on judgments of strangers and mates , 1989 .

[432]  Dalmas A. Taylor,et al.  The effects of rape myth pornography on women's attitudes and the mediating role of sex role stereotyping , 1987 .

[433]  Dolf Zillman,et al.  Connections between Sex and Aggression. , 1986, Violence and Victims.

[434]  L. Donohew,et al.  Communication and health : systems and applications , 1990 .

[435]  N. Solomon,et al.  Unreliable Sources: A Guide to Detecting Bias in News Media , 1990 .

[436]  R. Fabes,et al.  Perceptions of Responsible and Irresponsible Models of Sexuality: A Correlational Study , 1987 .

[437]  William F. Fore.  Television and Religion: The Shaping of Faith, Values and Culture , 1987 .

[438]  Wayne D. Hoyer,et al.  The Comprehension and Miscomprehension of Print Communication , 1987 .

[439]  W. Hartup,et al.  Imitative influences of consistent and inconsistent response consequences to a model on aggressive behavior in children. , 1967, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[440]  J. Beentjes,et al.  Television and Young People's Reading Behaviour: A Review of Research , 1989 .

[441]  Elizabeth S. Zietz.  The impact of television: A natural experiment in three communities , 1986 .

[442]  G. Berry,et al.  Television and the socialization of the minority child , 1982 .

[443]  Jack G. Shaheen.  The TV Arab , 1976 .

[444]  Albert C. Gunther,et al.  What We Think Others Think , 1991 .

[445]  Philip M. Merikle,et al.  Subliminal auditory messages: An evaluation , 1988 .

[446]  Ulla Johnsson-Smaragdi.  TV Use and Social Interaction in Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study , 1983 .

[447]  W J Brown,et al.  Effects of a prosocial television soap opera in promoting women's status. , 1991, Human communication research.

[448]  Alison Alexander,et al.  Soap opera viewing motivations and the cultivation process , 1985 .

[449]  Kathleen Hall Jamieson,et al.  Packaging the Presidency: A History and Criticism of Presidential Campaign Advertising , 1984 .

[450]  T. Coates,et al.  Strategies for modifying sexual behavior for primary and secondary prevention of HIV disease. , 1990, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.