Detection of Gaseous Effluents and By-Products of Fungal Growth that Affect Environments (RP-1243)

Musty odors, often associated with damp or water-damaged buildings, originate from the release of microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) from mold growing on building materials and construction substrates. Chemical analysis of air samples is a feasible way to supplement conventional bioaerosol techniques during building investigations. Analytical methodologies for MVOCs are straightforward; however, development of a scientifically validated method to measure unique MVOCs that indicate with high confidence the presence of hidden mold regardless of the amount of mold present remains a challenge. Laboratory studies identified and quantified specific MVOCs associated with various mold species and MVOCs generated by specific molds growing on selected building materials in simulated, realistic conditions. This research determined that numerous MVOCs are released from active mold growth and are dependent on both the type of mold and the host substrate. MVOC profiles generated by 32 combinations of various molds and materials were determined, but only a few of these compounds demonstrated effectiveness in field/building studies. Certain mold-selective MVOCs were identified as potential indicators for specific mold, including methoxybenzene for Stachybotrys chartarum and benzothiazole and menthol for Chaetomium globosum. These studies provided a firm foundation for continued research of mold-specific MVOC markers as indicators of hidden mold and as predictors of potential mold sources in problem buildings.