Reliable and energy-efficient routing protocol in dense wireless sensor networks

Reliable delivery of sensory data to a sink node in large scale sensor networks is a challenging problem. We tackle this problem by assuming dense deployment of sensors, which allows us to exploit diversity in choosing intermediate nodes for reliability and energy-efficiency. The proposed reliable and Energy-Efficient Routing (REER) protocol is based on the geographic routing approach. The central idea of REER is the notion of Reference Nodes (RNs), which means the nodes closest to the ideal locations between the source and to the sink. The multiple Cooperative Nodes (CNs) around RNs will contend to relay data packets; thus, there is no overhead of route discovery and REER is resilient to node failures and transmission errors. By adjusting the distances between RNs, we can control the trade-off between reliability and energy-efficiency, which is validated by both analysis and simulation.

[1]  Victor C. M. Leung,et al.  Mobile Agent-Based Directed Diffusion in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2007, EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process..

[2]  B. R. Badrinath,et al.  ReInForM: reliable information forwarding using multiple paths in sensor networks , 2003, 28th Annual IEEE International Conference on Local Computer Networks, 2003. LCN '03. Proceedings..

[3]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  Geographical and Energy Aware Routing: a recursive data dissemination protocol for wireless sensor networks , 2002 .

[4]  Chieh-Yih Wan,et al.  Pump-slowly, fetch-quickly (PSFQ): a reliable transport protocol for sensor networks , 2005, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[5]  E. O. Elliott.  A model of the switched telephone network for data communications , 1965 .

[6]  Martin Nilsson,et al.  Investigating the energy consumption of a wireless network interface in an ad hoc networking environment , 2001, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213).

[7]  Leonidas J. Guibas,et al.  Locating and bypassing routing holes in sensor networks , 2004, IEEE INFOCOM 2004.

[8]  Mi Lu,et al.  A distributed algorithm for the dead end problem of location based routing in sensor networks , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[9]  John Heidemann,et al.  RMST: reliable data transport in sensor networks , 2003, Proceedings of the First IEEE International Workshop on Sensor Network Protocols and Applications, 2003..

[10]  Richard M. Fujimoto,et al.  Network Simulation , 2006, Network Simulation.

[11]  JAMAL N. AL-KARAKI,et al.  Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks: a survey , 2004, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[12]  Özgür B. Akan,et al.  ESRT: event-to-sink reliable transport in wireless sensor networks , 2003, MobiHoc '03.

[13]  Brad Karp,et al.  GPSR : Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless , 2000, MobiCom 2000.

[14]  Ivan Stojmenovic,et al.  Position-based routing in ad hoc networks , 2002, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[15]  M. Ufuk Çaglayan,et al.  End-to-end reliable event transfer in wireless sensor networks , 2004, 2004 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8754).

[16]  Nitin H. Vaidya,et al.  Location-aided routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks , 1998, MobiCom '98.

[17]  Min Chen,et al.  Virtual Coordinates Based Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2006 .

[18]  Krishna M. Sivalingam,et al.  Data Gathering Algorithms in Sensor Networks Using Energy Metrics , 2002, IEEE Trans. Parallel Distributed Syst..

[19]  Hong Shen Wang,et al.  Finite-state Markov channel-a useful model for radio communication channels , 1995 .

[20]  E. Gilbert.  Capacity of a burst-noise channel , 1960 .

[21]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  Highly-resilient, energy-efficient multipath routing in wireless sensor networks , 2001, MOCO.

[22]  Songwu Lu,et al.  GRAdient Broadcast: A Robust Data Delivery Protocol for Large Scale Sensor Networks , 2005, Wirel. Networks.

[23]  David R. Karger,et al.  A scalable location service for geographic ad hoc routing , 2000, MobiCom '00.

[24]  Min Chen,et al.  Energy-efficient differentiated directed diffusion (EDDD) in wireless sensor networks , 2006, Comput. Commun..

[25]  Min Chen,et al.  Virtual MIMO-based cross-layer design for wireless sensor networks , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[26]  J. Morris Chang,et al.  CONTI: Constant-Time Contention Resolution for WLAN Access , 2005, NETWORKING.

[27]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks , 2000, MobiCom '00.