KRAS and GNAS mutations and p53 overexpression in biliary intraepithelial neoplasia and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas

Similar to the pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN)‐pancreatic carcinoma sequence model, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) also reportedly follows a stepwise carcinogenesis process through the a precursor lesion: biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN). For this study, the authors investigated the status of v‐Ki‐ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) and GNAS complex locus (GNAS) mutations and tumor protein 53 (p53) overexpression in the stepwise process of cholangiocarcinogenesis.

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